Distribution of minor metallic elements within waste incineration bottom ashes defined by WDX/EDX spectrometry
<p>A number of metallic elements are inherited from waste during thermal treatment and concentrated in the incineration residues. Because the major part of the incineration residue mass are bottom ashes (BAs), their study is of great importance from the point of view of their environmental...
| Main Authors: | , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Copernicus Publications
2018-09-01
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| Series: | Advances in Geosciences |
| Online Access: | https://www.adv-geosci.net/45/259/2018/adgeo-45-259-2018.pdf |
| Summary: | <p>A number of metallic elements are inherited from waste during
thermal treatment and concentrated in the incineration residues. Because the
major part of the incineration residue mass are bottom ashes (BAs), their
study is of great importance from the point of view of their environmental
impact or resource potential. The general focus of this study was on the
minor metallic elements present in BAs. They co-occurred with main phases
and often determined the inherited potential of the material. The analysed
residues were produced from municipal and industrial waste. The BAs were
studied using spectroscopic methods of chemical microanalysis: energy
dispersive X-ray spectrometry (EDX) and wavelength dispersive X-ray
spectrometry (WDX). Both the main and minor metallic elements were
concentrated in metallic components. They were typically present as separate
grains and metallic inclusions (commonly in the glass matrix of the grains)
ranging in size from several to hundreds of micrometres. Despite Fe-, Al-
and Cu-rich occurrences, metallic elements rarely occurred in fragments
composed of a single element. Their main forms of occurrence were alloy
grains, admixtures in polymetallic occurrences and micro-inclusions in
glassy matrix. The content of particular elements in those forms was
investigated and described in greater detail. Even though two types of
bottom ash were formed from different types of waste and differences in used
technologies were present, the obtained materials contained metallic
components having similar attributes. Elevated concentrations of not only Fe
and Al, but also Ti, Cu and Zn, allow us to consider bottom ash as a
promising material from the point of view of metallic elements' recovery
(e.g. by the physical concentration of elements through gravity or magnetic
methods).</p> |
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| ISSN: | 1680-7340 1680-7359 |