Assimilating FY-4A Lightning and Radar Data for Improving Short-Term Forecasts of a High-Impact Convective Event with a Dual-Resolution Hybrid 3DEnVAR Method
A dual-resolution, hybrid, three-dimensional ensemble-variational (3DEnVAR) data assimilation method combining static and ensemble background error covariances is used to assimilate radar data, and pseudo-water vapor observations to improve short-term severe weather forecasts with the Weather Resear...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2021-08-01
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| Series: | Remote Sensing |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/13/16/3090 |
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| author | Peng Liu Yi Yang Anwei Lai Yunheng Wang Alexandre O. Fierro Jidong Gao Chenghai Wang |
| author_facet | Peng Liu Yi Yang Anwei Lai Yunheng Wang Alexandre O. Fierro Jidong Gao Chenghai Wang |
| author_sort | Peng Liu |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | A dual-resolution, hybrid, three-dimensional ensemble-variational (3DEnVAR) data assimilation method combining static and ensemble background error covariances is used to assimilate radar data, and pseudo-water vapor observations to improve short-term severe weather forecasts with the Weather Research and Forecast (WRF) model. The higher-resolution deterministic forecast and the lower-resolution ensemble members have 3 and 9 km horizontal resolution, respectively. The water vapor pseudo-observations are derived from the combined use of total lightning data and cloud top height from the Fengyun-4A(FY-4A) geostationary satellite. First, a set of single-analysis experiments are conducted to provide a preliminary performance evaluation of the effectiveness of the hybrid method for assimilating multisource observations; second, a set of cycling analysis experiments are used to evaluate the forecast performance in convective-scale high-frequency analysis; finally, different hybrid coefficients are tested in both the single and cycling experiments. The single-analysis results show that the combined assimilation of radar data and water vapor pseudo-observations derived from the lightning data is able to generate reasonable vertical velocity, water vapor and hydrometeor adjustments, which help to trigger convection earlier in the forecast/analysis and reduce the spin-up time. The dual-resolution hybrid 3DEnVAR method is able to adjust the wind fields and hydrometeor variables with the assimilation of lightning data, which helps maintain the triggered convection longer and partially suppress spurious cells in the forecast compared with the three-dimensional variational (3DVAR) method. A cycling analysis that introduced a large number of observations with more frequent small adjustments is able to better resolve the observed convective events than a single-analysis approach. Different hybrid coefficients can affect the forecast results, either in the single deterministic or cycling analysis experiments. Overall, we found that a static coefficient of 0.4 and an ensemble coefficient of 0.6 yields the best forecast skill for this event. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T08:24:59Z |
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| issn | 2072-4292 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T08:24:59Z |
| publishDate | 2021-08-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Remote Sensing |
| spelling | doaj.art-0175d263c050419ab7a159f07dc715962023-11-22T09:31:39ZengMDPI AGRemote Sensing2072-42922021-08-011316309010.3390/rs13163090Assimilating FY-4A Lightning and Radar Data for Improving Short-Term Forecasts of a High-Impact Convective Event with a Dual-Resolution Hybrid 3DEnVAR MethodPeng Liu0Yi Yang1Anwei Lai2Yunheng Wang3Alexandre O. Fierro4Jidong Gao5Chenghai Wang6Key Laboratory of Climate Resource Development and Disaster Prevention in Gansu Province, College of Atmospheric Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, ChinaKey Laboratory of Climate Resource Development and Disaster Prevention in Gansu Province, College of Atmospheric Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, ChinaHubei Key Laboratory for Heavy Rain Monitoring and Warning Research, Institute of Heavy Rain, China Meteorological Administration, Wuhan 430205, ChinaNOAA/National Severe Storms Laboratory, Norman, OK 73072, USANOAA/National Severe Storms Laboratory, Norman, OK 73072, USANOAA/National Severe Storms Laboratory, Norman, OK 73072, USAKey Laboratory of Climate Resource Development and Disaster Prevention in Gansu Province, College of Atmospheric Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, ChinaA dual-resolution, hybrid, three-dimensional ensemble-variational (3DEnVAR) data assimilation method combining static and ensemble background error covariances is used to assimilate radar data, and pseudo-water vapor observations to improve short-term severe weather forecasts with the Weather Research and Forecast (WRF) model. The higher-resolution deterministic forecast and the lower-resolution ensemble members have 3 and 9 km horizontal resolution, respectively. The water vapor pseudo-observations are derived from the combined use of total lightning data and cloud top height from the Fengyun-4A(FY-4A) geostationary satellite. First, a set of single-analysis experiments are conducted to provide a preliminary performance evaluation of the effectiveness of the hybrid method for assimilating multisource observations; second, a set of cycling analysis experiments are used to evaluate the forecast performance in convective-scale high-frequency analysis; finally, different hybrid coefficients are tested in both the single and cycling experiments. The single-analysis results show that the combined assimilation of radar data and water vapor pseudo-observations derived from the lightning data is able to generate reasonable vertical velocity, water vapor and hydrometeor adjustments, which help to trigger convection earlier in the forecast/analysis and reduce the spin-up time. The dual-resolution hybrid 3DEnVAR method is able to adjust the wind fields and hydrometeor variables with the assimilation of lightning data, which helps maintain the triggered convection longer and partially suppress spurious cells in the forecast compared with the three-dimensional variational (3DVAR) method. A cycling analysis that introduced a large number of observations with more frequent small adjustments is able to better resolve the observed convective events than a single-analysis approach. Different hybrid coefficients can affect the forecast results, either in the single deterministic or cycling analysis experiments. Overall, we found that a static coefficient of 0.4 and an ensemble coefficient of 0.6 yields the best forecast skill for this event.https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/13/16/3090data assimilationlightning and radar datadual-resolution hybrid 3DEnVARconvective forecast |
| spellingShingle | Peng Liu Yi Yang Anwei Lai Yunheng Wang Alexandre O. Fierro Jidong Gao Chenghai Wang Assimilating FY-4A Lightning and Radar Data for Improving Short-Term Forecasts of a High-Impact Convective Event with a Dual-Resolution Hybrid 3DEnVAR Method Remote Sensing data assimilation lightning and radar data dual-resolution hybrid 3DEnVAR convective forecast |
| title | Assimilating FY-4A Lightning and Radar Data for Improving Short-Term Forecasts of a High-Impact Convective Event with a Dual-Resolution Hybrid 3DEnVAR Method |
| title_full | Assimilating FY-4A Lightning and Radar Data for Improving Short-Term Forecasts of a High-Impact Convective Event with a Dual-Resolution Hybrid 3DEnVAR Method |
| title_fullStr | Assimilating FY-4A Lightning and Radar Data for Improving Short-Term Forecasts of a High-Impact Convective Event with a Dual-Resolution Hybrid 3DEnVAR Method |
| title_full_unstemmed | Assimilating FY-4A Lightning and Radar Data for Improving Short-Term Forecasts of a High-Impact Convective Event with a Dual-Resolution Hybrid 3DEnVAR Method |
| title_short | Assimilating FY-4A Lightning and Radar Data for Improving Short-Term Forecasts of a High-Impact Convective Event with a Dual-Resolution Hybrid 3DEnVAR Method |
| title_sort | assimilating fy 4a lightning and radar data for improving short term forecasts of a high impact convective event with a dual resolution hybrid 3denvar method |
| topic | data assimilation lightning and radar data dual-resolution hybrid 3DEnVAR convective forecast |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/13/16/3090 |
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