Understanding the Variability of Certain Biological Properties of H1N1pdm09 Influenza Viruses
The influenza virus continually evolves because of the high mutation rate, resulting in dramatic changes in its pathogenicity and other biological properties. This study aimed to evaluate the evolution of certain essential properties, understand the connections between them, and find the molecular b...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2022-03-01
|
| Series: | Vaccines |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-393X/10/3/395 |
| _version_ | 1827624924221538304 |
|---|---|
| author | Mohammad Al Farroukh Irina Kiseleva Ekaterina Bazhenova Ekaterina Stepanova Ludmila Puchkova Larisa Rudenko |
| author_facet | Mohammad Al Farroukh Irina Kiseleva Ekaterina Bazhenova Ekaterina Stepanova Ludmila Puchkova Larisa Rudenko |
| author_sort | Mohammad Al Farroukh |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The influenza virus continually evolves because of the high mutation rate, resulting in dramatic changes in its pathogenicity and other biological properties. This study aimed to evaluate the evolution of certain essential properties, understand the connections between them, and find the molecular basis for the manifestation of these properties. To that end, 21 A(H1N1)pdm09 influenza viruses were tested for their pathogenicity and toxicity in a mouse model with a <i>ts/non-ts</i> phenotype manifestation and HA thermal stability. The results demonstrated that, for a strain to have high pathogenicity, it must express a toxic effect, have a <i>non-ts</i> phenotype, and have a thermally stable HA. The ancestor A/California/07/2009 (H1N1)pdm influenza virus expressed the <i>non-ts</i> phenotype, after which the cycling trend of the <i>ts/non-ts</i> phenotype was observed in new strains of A(H1N1)pdm09 influenza viruses, indicating that the ratio of the <i>ts</i> phenotype will increase in the coming years. Of the 21 tested viruses, A/South Africa/3626/2013 had the high pathogenicity in the mouse model. Sequence alignment analysis showed that this virus has three unique mutations in the polymerase complex, two of which are in the PB2 gene and one that is in the PB1 gene. Further study of these mutations might explain the distinguishing pathogenicity. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T12:19:27Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-018aec347bc94f0ba3c3dea817a786b3 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2076-393X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T12:19:27Z |
| publishDate | 2022-03-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Vaccines |
| spelling | doaj.art-018aec347bc94f0ba3c3dea817a786b32023-11-30T22:42:21ZengMDPI AGVaccines2076-393X2022-03-0110339510.3390/vaccines10030395Understanding the Variability of Certain Biological Properties of H1N1pdm09 Influenza VirusesMohammad Al Farroukh0Irina Kiseleva1Ekaterina Bazhenova2Ekaterina Stepanova3Ludmila Puchkova4Larisa Rudenko5Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution “Institute of Experimental Medicine”, 197376 St. Petersburg, RussianFederal State Budgetary Scientific Institution “Institute of Experimental Medicine”, 197376 St. Petersburg, RussianFederal State Budgetary Scientific Institution “Institute of Experimental Medicine”, 197376 St. Petersburg, RussianFederal State Budgetary Scientific Institution “Institute of Experimental Medicine”, 197376 St. Petersburg, RussianFederal State Budgetary Scientific Institution “Institute of Experimental Medicine”, 197376 St. Petersburg, RussianFederal State Budgetary Scientific Institution “Institute of Experimental Medicine”, 197376 St. Petersburg, RussianThe influenza virus continually evolves because of the high mutation rate, resulting in dramatic changes in its pathogenicity and other biological properties. This study aimed to evaluate the evolution of certain essential properties, understand the connections between them, and find the molecular basis for the manifestation of these properties. To that end, 21 A(H1N1)pdm09 influenza viruses were tested for their pathogenicity and toxicity in a mouse model with a <i>ts/non-ts</i> phenotype manifestation and HA thermal stability. The results demonstrated that, for a strain to have high pathogenicity, it must express a toxic effect, have a <i>non-ts</i> phenotype, and have a thermally stable HA. The ancestor A/California/07/2009 (H1N1)pdm influenza virus expressed the <i>non-ts</i> phenotype, after which the cycling trend of the <i>ts/non-ts</i> phenotype was observed in new strains of A(H1N1)pdm09 influenza viruses, indicating that the ratio of the <i>ts</i> phenotype will increase in the coming years. Of the 21 tested viruses, A/South Africa/3626/2013 had the high pathogenicity in the mouse model. Sequence alignment analysis showed that this virus has three unique mutations in the polymerase complex, two of which are in the PB2 gene and one that is in the PB1 gene. Further study of these mutations might explain the distinguishing pathogenicity.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-393X/10/3/395A(H1N1)pdm09 influenza virusesevolutionviral toxicityviral pathogenicitythermal stability of the hemagglutinintemperature sensitivity of reproduction |
| spellingShingle | Mohammad Al Farroukh Irina Kiseleva Ekaterina Bazhenova Ekaterina Stepanova Ludmila Puchkova Larisa Rudenko Understanding the Variability of Certain Biological Properties of H1N1pdm09 Influenza Viruses Vaccines A(H1N1)pdm09 influenza viruses evolution viral toxicity viral pathogenicity thermal stability of the hemagglutinin temperature sensitivity of reproduction |
| title | Understanding the Variability of Certain Biological Properties of H1N1pdm09 Influenza Viruses |
| title_full | Understanding the Variability of Certain Biological Properties of H1N1pdm09 Influenza Viruses |
| title_fullStr | Understanding the Variability of Certain Biological Properties of H1N1pdm09 Influenza Viruses |
| title_full_unstemmed | Understanding the Variability of Certain Biological Properties of H1N1pdm09 Influenza Viruses |
| title_short | Understanding the Variability of Certain Biological Properties of H1N1pdm09 Influenza Viruses |
| title_sort | understanding the variability of certain biological properties of h1n1pdm09 influenza viruses |
| topic | A(H1N1)pdm09 influenza viruses evolution viral toxicity viral pathogenicity thermal stability of the hemagglutinin temperature sensitivity of reproduction |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-393X/10/3/395 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT mohammadalfarroukh understandingthevariabilityofcertainbiologicalpropertiesofh1n1pdm09influenzaviruses AT irinakiseleva understandingthevariabilityofcertainbiologicalpropertiesofh1n1pdm09influenzaviruses AT ekaterinabazhenova understandingthevariabilityofcertainbiologicalpropertiesofh1n1pdm09influenzaviruses AT ekaterinastepanova understandingthevariabilityofcertainbiologicalpropertiesofh1n1pdm09influenzaviruses AT ludmilapuchkova understandingthevariabilityofcertainbiologicalpropertiesofh1n1pdm09influenzaviruses AT larisarudenko understandingthevariabilityofcertainbiologicalpropertiesofh1n1pdm09influenzaviruses |