Frailty and social participation in older citizens in Japan during the COVID‐19 pandemic
Abstract Background This study examined the frailty status of older individuals in Japan at 1 year after the onset of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) pandemic based on involvement in social activities before and during the pandemic. Methods This cross‐sectional study analyzed citizens aged 6...
| Main Authors: | , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Wiley
2022-07-01
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| Series: | Journal of General and Family Medicine |
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1002/jgf2.539 |
| _version_ | 1811230340730060800 |
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| author | Sachiko Ozone Ryhei Goto Shogo Kawada Shoji Yokoya |
| author_facet | Sachiko Ozone Ryhei Goto Shogo Kawada Shoji Yokoya |
| author_sort | Sachiko Ozone |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Background This study examined the frailty status of older individuals in Japan at 1 year after the onset of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) pandemic based on involvement in social activities before and during the pandemic. Methods This cross‐sectional study analyzed citizens aged 65 and 84 who did not require long‐term care in January 2021. A self‐administered questionnaire was mailed to 3000 citizens in Kitaibaraki City, Japan. The questionnaire included social participation status in January 2020 and January 2021, the Kihon Checklist, working status, and economic status. We classified the respondents into the following groups: Nonparticipating, no participation at either time point; Discontinued, participation only in 2020; and Continued, participation at both time points. We compared the Discontinued and Continued groups in terms of Kihon Checklist items using the t‐test. Results Of 2963 individuals who received the questionnaire, 1307 (44.1%) returned it, and 1047 were analyzed. Of the respondents analyzed, 586 (56.0%) were in the Nonparticipating group, 254 (24.3%) were in the Discontinued group, and 207 (19.8%) were in the Continued group. On the Kihon Checklist, oral function and mood differed significantly between the Discontinued and Continued groups. The proportion of those with impairment in multiple categories of the Kihon Checklist was 12.3% in the Nonparticipating group, 5.5% in the Discontinued group, and 3.4% in the Continued group. Conclusions Older individuals who continued participating in social activities at 1 year into the COVID‐19 pandemic might have a lower risk of frailty in terms of oral function and depressed mood. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-12T10:27:44Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-018b958e73c848b88938051c7adb9bca |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2189-7948 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-12T10:27:44Z |
| publishDate | 2022-07-01 |
| publisher | Wiley |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of General and Family Medicine |
| spelling | doaj.art-018b958e73c848b88938051c7adb9bca2022-12-22T03:36:56ZengWileyJournal of General and Family Medicine2189-79482022-07-0123425526010.1002/jgf2.539Frailty and social participation in older citizens in Japan during the COVID‐19 pandemicSachiko Ozone0Ryhei Goto1Shogo Kawada2Shoji Yokoya3Faculty of Medicine University of Tsukuba Tsukuba JapanFaculty of Medicine University of Tsukuba Tsukuba JapanFaculty of Medicine University of Tsukuba Tsukuba JapanFaculty of Medicine University of Tsukuba Tsukuba JapanAbstract Background This study examined the frailty status of older individuals in Japan at 1 year after the onset of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) pandemic based on involvement in social activities before and during the pandemic. Methods This cross‐sectional study analyzed citizens aged 65 and 84 who did not require long‐term care in January 2021. A self‐administered questionnaire was mailed to 3000 citizens in Kitaibaraki City, Japan. The questionnaire included social participation status in January 2020 and January 2021, the Kihon Checklist, working status, and economic status. We classified the respondents into the following groups: Nonparticipating, no participation at either time point; Discontinued, participation only in 2020; and Continued, participation at both time points. We compared the Discontinued and Continued groups in terms of Kihon Checklist items using the t‐test. Results Of 2963 individuals who received the questionnaire, 1307 (44.1%) returned it, and 1047 were analyzed. Of the respondents analyzed, 586 (56.0%) were in the Nonparticipating group, 254 (24.3%) were in the Discontinued group, and 207 (19.8%) were in the Continued group. On the Kihon Checklist, oral function and mood differed significantly between the Discontinued and Continued groups. The proportion of those with impairment in multiple categories of the Kihon Checklist was 12.3% in the Nonparticipating group, 5.5% in the Discontinued group, and 3.4% in the Continued group. Conclusions Older individuals who continued participating in social activities at 1 year into the COVID‐19 pandemic might have a lower risk of frailty in terms of oral function and depressed mood.https://doi.org/10.1002/jgf2.539COVID‐19frailtyKihon checklistoldersocial participation |
| spellingShingle | Sachiko Ozone Ryhei Goto Shogo Kawada Shoji Yokoya Frailty and social participation in older citizens in Japan during the COVID‐19 pandemic Journal of General and Family Medicine COVID‐19 frailty Kihon checklist older social participation |
| title | Frailty and social participation in older citizens in Japan during the COVID‐19 pandemic |
| title_full | Frailty and social participation in older citizens in Japan during the COVID‐19 pandemic |
| title_fullStr | Frailty and social participation in older citizens in Japan during the COVID‐19 pandemic |
| title_full_unstemmed | Frailty and social participation in older citizens in Japan during the COVID‐19 pandemic |
| title_short | Frailty and social participation in older citizens in Japan during the COVID‐19 pandemic |
| title_sort | frailty and social participation in older citizens in japan during the covid 19 pandemic |
| topic | COVID‐19 frailty Kihon checklist older social participation |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1002/jgf2.539 |
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