Dissolvable alginate hydrogel-based biofilm microreactors for antibiotic susceptibility assays
Biofilms are found in many infections in the forms of surface-adhering aggregates on medical devices, small clumps in tissues, or even in synovial fluid. Although antibiotic resistance genes are studied and monitored in the clinic, the structural and phenotypic changes that take place in biofilms ca...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Elsevier
2023-12-01
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| Series: | Biofilm |
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| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2590207522000375 |
| _version_ | 1827922458638811136 |
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| author | Le Hoang Phu Pham Khanh Loan Ly Mariliz Colon-Ascanio Jin Ou Hao Wang Sang Won Lee Yi Wang John S. Choy Kenneth Scott Phillips Xiaolong Luo |
| author_facet | Le Hoang Phu Pham Khanh Loan Ly Mariliz Colon-Ascanio Jin Ou Hao Wang Sang Won Lee Yi Wang John S. Choy Kenneth Scott Phillips Xiaolong Luo |
| author_sort | Le Hoang Phu Pham |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Biofilms are found in many infections in the forms of surface-adhering aggregates on medical devices, small clumps in tissues, or even in synovial fluid. Although antibiotic resistance genes are studied and monitored in the clinic, the structural and phenotypic changes that take place in biofilms can also lead to significant changes in how bacteria respond to antibiotics. Therefore, it is important to better understand the relationship between biofilm phenotypes and resistance and develop approaches that are compatible with clinical testing. Current methods for studying antimicrobial susceptibility are mostly planktonic or planar biofilm reactors. In this work, we develop a new type of biofilm reactor—three-dimensional (3D) microreactors—to recreate biofilms in a microenvironment that better mimics those in vivo where bacteria tend to form surface-independent biofilms in living tissues. The microreactors are formed on microplates, treated with antibiotics of 1000 times of the corresponding minimal inhibitory concentrations (1000 × MIC), and monitored spectroscopically with a microplate reader in a high-throughput manner. The hydrogels are dissolvable on demand without the need for manual scraping, thus enabling measurements of phenotypic changes. Bacteria inside the biofilm microreactors are found to survive exposure to 1000 × MIC of antibiotics, and subsequent comparison with plating results reveals no antibiotic resistance-associated phenotypes. The presented microreactor offers an attractive platform to study the tolerance and antibiotic resistance of surface-independent biofilms such as those found in tissues. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-13T04:42:59Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-019484cfe9d44b95ade43b4cb68242db |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2590-2075 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-13T04:42:59Z |
| publishDate | 2023-12-01 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Biofilm |
| spelling | doaj.art-019484cfe9d44b95ade43b4cb68242db2023-06-19T04:29:30ZengElsevierBiofilm2590-20752023-12-015100103Dissolvable alginate hydrogel-based biofilm microreactors for antibiotic susceptibility assaysLe Hoang Phu Pham0Khanh Loan Ly1Mariliz Colon-Ascanio2Jin Ou3Hao Wang4Sang Won Lee5Yi Wang6John S. Choy7Kenneth Scott Phillips8Xiaolong Luo9Department of Mechanical Engineering, The Catholic University of America, Washington, DC, 20064, USADepartment of Biomedical Engineering, The Catholic University of America, Washington, DC, 20064, USADepartment of Biology, The Catholic University of America, Washington, DC, 20064, USADepartment of Biology, The Catholic University of America, Washington, DC, 20064, USADivision of Biology, Chemistry, and Materials Science, Office of Science and Engineering Laboratories, Center for Devices and Radiological Health, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, White Oak, MD, 20993, USADivision of Biology, Chemistry, and Materials Science, Office of Science and Engineering Laboratories, Center for Devices and Radiological Health, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, White Oak, MD, 20993, USADivision of Biology, Chemistry, and Materials Science, Office of Science and Engineering Laboratories, Center for Devices and Radiological Health, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, White Oak, MD, 20993, USADepartment of Biology, The Catholic University of America, Washington, DC, 20064, USA; Corresponding author.Division of Biology, Chemistry, and Materials Science, Office of Science and Engineering Laboratories, Center for Devices and Radiological Health, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, White Oak, MD, 20993, USA; Corresponding author.Department of Mechanical Engineering, The Catholic University of America, Washington, DC, 20064, USA; Corresponding author.Biofilms are found in many infections in the forms of surface-adhering aggregates on medical devices, small clumps in tissues, or even in synovial fluid. Although antibiotic resistance genes are studied and monitored in the clinic, the structural and phenotypic changes that take place in biofilms can also lead to significant changes in how bacteria respond to antibiotics. Therefore, it is important to better understand the relationship between biofilm phenotypes and resistance and develop approaches that are compatible with clinical testing. Current methods for studying antimicrobial susceptibility are mostly planktonic or planar biofilm reactors. In this work, we develop a new type of biofilm reactor—three-dimensional (3D) microreactors—to recreate biofilms in a microenvironment that better mimics those in vivo where bacteria tend to form surface-independent biofilms in living tissues. The microreactors are formed on microplates, treated with antibiotics of 1000 times of the corresponding minimal inhibitory concentrations (1000 × MIC), and monitored spectroscopically with a microplate reader in a high-throughput manner. The hydrogels are dissolvable on demand without the need for manual scraping, thus enabling measurements of phenotypic changes. Bacteria inside the biofilm microreactors are found to survive exposure to 1000 × MIC of antibiotics, and subsequent comparison with plating results reveals no antibiotic resistance-associated phenotypes. The presented microreactor offers an attractive platform to study the tolerance and antibiotic resistance of surface-independent biofilms such as those found in tissues.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2590207522000375Biofilm microreactorsHydrogelAntibiotic susceptibility assaysBiofilm phenotypeAntibiotic resistance |
| spellingShingle | Le Hoang Phu Pham Khanh Loan Ly Mariliz Colon-Ascanio Jin Ou Hao Wang Sang Won Lee Yi Wang John S. Choy Kenneth Scott Phillips Xiaolong Luo Dissolvable alginate hydrogel-based biofilm microreactors for antibiotic susceptibility assays Biofilm Biofilm microreactors Hydrogel Antibiotic susceptibility assays Biofilm phenotype Antibiotic resistance |
| title | Dissolvable alginate hydrogel-based biofilm microreactors for antibiotic susceptibility assays |
| title_full | Dissolvable alginate hydrogel-based biofilm microreactors for antibiotic susceptibility assays |
| title_fullStr | Dissolvable alginate hydrogel-based biofilm microreactors for antibiotic susceptibility assays |
| title_full_unstemmed | Dissolvable alginate hydrogel-based biofilm microreactors for antibiotic susceptibility assays |
| title_short | Dissolvable alginate hydrogel-based biofilm microreactors for antibiotic susceptibility assays |
| title_sort | dissolvable alginate hydrogel based biofilm microreactors for antibiotic susceptibility assays |
| topic | Biofilm microreactors Hydrogel Antibiotic susceptibility assays Biofilm phenotype Antibiotic resistance |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2590207522000375 |
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