Signaling Pathways Leading to mTOR Activation Downstream Cytokine Receptors in Lymphocytes in Health and Disease
CD8+ T cells and Natural Killer (NK) cells are cytotoxic lymphocytes important in the response to intracellular pathogens and cancer. Their activity depends on the integration of a large set of intracellular and environmental cues, including antigenic signals, cytokine stimulation and nutrient avail...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2023-08-01
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| Series: | International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/24/16/12736 |
| _version_ | 1797584457398484992 |
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| author | Lucie Fallone Thierry Walzer Antoine Marçais |
| author_facet | Lucie Fallone Thierry Walzer Antoine Marçais |
| author_sort | Lucie Fallone |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | CD8+ T cells and Natural Killer (NK) cells are cytotoxic lymphocytes important in the response to intracellular pathogens and cancer. Their activity depends on the integration of a large set of intracellular and environmental cues, including antigenic signals, cytokine stimulation and nutrient availability. This integration is achieved by signaling hubs, such as the mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR). mTOR is a conserved protein kinase that controls cellular growth and metabolism in eukaryotic cells and, therefore, is essential for lymphocyte development and maturation. However, our current understanding of mTOR signaling comes mostly from studies performed in transformed cell lines, which constitute a poor model for comprehending metabolic pathway regulation. Therefore, it is only quite recently that the regulation of mTOR in primary cells has been assessed. Here, we review the signaling pathways leading to mTOR activation in CD8+ T and NK cells, focusing on activation by cytokines. We also discuss how this knowledge can contribute to immunotherapy development, particularly for cancer treatment. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T23:52:01Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-01a0f32b074046eebd89a09b4c49f7ce |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1661-6596 1422-0067 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T23:52:01Z |
| publishDate | 2023-08-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
| spelling | doaj.art-01a0f32b074046eebd89a09b4c49f7ce2023-11-19T01:28:29ZengMDPI AGInternational Journal of Molecular Sciences1661-65961422-00672023-08-0124161273610.3390/ijms241612736Signaling Pathways Leading to mTOR Activation Downstream Cytokine Receptors in Lymphocytes in Health and DiseaseLucie Fallone0Thierry Walzer1Antoine Marçais2CIRI—Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie (Team Lyacts), Inserm, U1111, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, UMR5308, ENS de Lyon, F-69007 Lyon, FranceCIRI—Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie (Team Lyacts), Inserm, U1111, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, UMR5308, ENS de Lyon, F-69007 Lyon, FranceCIRI—Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie (Team Lyacts), Inserm, U1111, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, UMR5308, ENS de Lyon, F-69007 Lyon, FranceCD8+ T cells and Natural Killer (NK) cells are cytotoxic lymphocytes important in the response to intracellular pathogens and cancer. Their activity depends on the integration of a large set of intracellular and environmental cues, including antigenic signals, cytokine stimulation and nutrient availability. This integration is achieved by signaling hubs, such as the mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR). mTOR is a conserved protein kinase that controls cellular growth and metabolism in eukaryotic cells and, therefore, is essential for lymphocyte development and maturation. However, our current understanding of mTOR signaling comes mostly from studies performed in transformed cell lines, which constitute a poor model for comprehending metabolic pathway regulation. Therefore, it is only quite recently that the regulation of mTOR in primary cells has been assessed. Here, we review the signaling pathways leading to mTOR activation in CD8+ T and NK cells, focusing on activation by cytokines. We also discuss how this knowledge can contribute to immunotherapy development, particularly for cancer treatment.https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/24/16/12736mTORCD8+ T cellNK cellcytokine signaling |
| spellingShingle | Lucie Fallone Thierry Walzer Antoine Marçais Signaling Pathways Leading to mTOR Activation Downstream Cytokine Receptors in Lymphocytes in Health and Disease International Journal of Molecular Sciences mTOR CD8+ T cell NK cell cytokine signaling |
| title | Signaling Pathways Leading to mTOR Activation Downstream Cytokine Receptors in Lymphocytes in Health and Disease |
| title_full | Signaling Pathways Leading to mTOR Activation Downstream Cytokine Receptors in Lymphocytes in Health and Disease |
| title_fullStr | Signaling Pathways Leading to mTOR Activation Downstream Cytokine Receptors in Lymphocytes in Health and Disease |
| title_full_unstemmed | Signaling Pathways Leading to mTOR Activation Downstream Cytokine Receptors in Lymphocytes in Health and Disease |
| title_short | Signaling Pathways Leading to mTOR Activation Downstream Cytokine Receptors in Lymphocytes in Health and Disease |
| title_sort | signaling pathways leading to mtor activation downstream cytokine receptors in lymphocytes in health and disease |
| topic | mTOR CD8+ T cell NK cell cytokine signaling |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/24/16/12736 |
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