Aberrant Dynamic Connectivity for Fear Processing in Anorexia Nervosa and Body Dysmorphic Disorder
Anorexia nervosa (AN) and body dysmorphic disorder (BDD) share distorted perceptions of appearance with extreme negative emotion, yet the neural phenotypes of emotion processing remain underexplored in them, and they have never been directly compared. We sought to determine if shared and disorder-sp...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2018-06-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Psychiatry |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fpsyt.2018.00273/full |
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| author | D. Rangaprakash Cara Bohon Katherine E. Lawrence Teena Moody Francesca Morfini Sahib S. Khalsa Sahib S. Khalsa Sahib S. Khalsa Michael Strober Jamie D. Feusner |
| author_facet | D. Rangaprakash Cara Bohon Katherine E. Lawrence Teena Moody Francesca Morfini Sahib S. Khalsa Sahib S. Khalsa Sahib S. Khalsa Michael Strober Jamie D. Feusner |
| author_sort | D. Rangaprakash |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Anorexia nervosa (AN) and body dysmorphic disorder (BDD) share distorted perceptions of appearance with extreme negative emotion, yet the neural phenotypes of emotion processing remain underexplored in them, and they have never been directly compared. We sought to determine if shared and disorder-specific fronto-limbic connectivity patterns characterize these disorders. FMRI data was obtained from three unmedicated groups: BDD (n = 32), weight-restored AN (n = 25), and healthy controls (HC; n = 37), while they viewed fearful faces and rated their own degree of fearfulness in response. We performed dynamic effective connectivity modeling with medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC), rostral anterior cingulate cortex (rACC), and amygdala as regions-of-interest (ROI), and assessed associations between connectivity and clinical variables. HCs exhibited significant within-group bidirectional mPFC-amygdala connectivity, which increased across the blocks, whereas BDD participants exhibited only significant mPFC-to-amygdala connectivity (P < 0.05, family-wise error corrected). In contrast, participants with AN lacked significant prefrontal-amygdala connectivity in either direction. AN showed significantly weaker mPFC-to-amygdala connectivity compared to HCs (P = 0.0015) and BDD (P = 0.0050). The mPFC-to-amygdala connectivity was associated with greater subjective fear ratings (R2 = 0.11, P = 0.0016), eating disorder symptoms (R2 = 0.33, P = 0.0029), and anxiety (R2 = 0.29, P = 0.0055) intensity scores. Our findings, which suggest a complex nosological relationship, have implications for understanding emotion regulation circuitry in these related psychiatric disorders, and may have relevance for current and novel therapeutic approaches. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-11T08:52:12Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-01a56269492548c5a3332e821f649269 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1664-0640 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-11T08:52:12Z |
| publishDate | 2018-06-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Psychiatry |
| spelling | doaj.art-01a56269492548c5a3332e821f6492692022-12-22T01:13:58ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Psychiatry1664-06402018-06-01910.3389/fpsyt.2018.00273372157Aberrant Dynamic Connectivity for Fear Processing in Anorexia Nervosa and Body Dysmorphic DisorderD. Rangaprakash0Cara Bohon1Katherine E. Lawrence2Teena Moody3Francesca Morfini4Sahib S. Khalsa5Sahib S. Khalsa6Sahib S. Khalsa7Michael Strober8Jamie D. Feusner9Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United StatesDepartment of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United StatesDepartment of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United StatesDepartment of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United StatesDepartment of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United StatesDepartment of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United StatesOxley College of Health Sciences, University of Tulsa, Tulsa, OK, United StatesLaureate Institute for Brain Research, University of Tulsa, Tulsa, OK, United StatesDepartment of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United StatesDepartment of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United StatesAnorexia nervosa (AN) and body dysmorphic disorder (BDD) share distorted perceptions of appearance with extreme negative emotion, yet the neural phenotypes of emotion processing remain underexplored in them, and they have never been directly compared. We sought to determine if shared and disorder-specific fronto-limbic connectivity patterns characterize these disorders. FMRI data was obtained from three unmedicated groups: BDD (n = 32), weight-restored AN (n = 25), and healthy controls (HC; n = 37), while they viewed fearful faces and rated their own degree of fearfulness in response. We performed dynamic effective connectivity modeling with medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC), rostral anterior cingulate cortex (rACC), and amygdala as regions-of-interest (ROI), and assessed associations between connectivity and clinical variables. HCs exhibited significant within-group bidirectional mPFC-amygdala connectivity, which increased across the blocks, whereas BDD participants exhibited only significant mPFC-to-amygdala connectivity (P < 0.05, family-wise error corrected). In contrast, participants with AN lacked significant prefrontal-amygdala connectivity in either direction. AN showed significantly weaker mPFC-to-amygdala connectivity compared to HCs (P = 0.0015) and BDD (P = 0.0050). The mPFC-to-amygdala connectivity was associated with greater subjective fear ratings (R2 = 0.11, P = 0.0016), eating disorder symptoms (R2 = 0.33, P = 0.0029), and anxiety (R2 = 0.29, P = 0.0055) intensity scores. Our findings, which suggest a complex nosological relationship, have implications for understanding emotion regulation circuitry in these related psychiatric disorders, and may have relevance for current and novel therapeutic approaches.https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fpsyt.2018.00273/fullfearful face processingdynamic effective connectivityfronto-limbic modulationanorexia nervosabody dysmorphic disorder |
| spellingShingle | D. Rangaprakash Cara Bohon Katherine E. Lawrence Teena Moody Francesca Morfini Sahib S. Khalsa Sahib S. Khalsa Sahib S. Khalsa Michael Strober Jamie D. Feusner Aberrant Dynamic Connectivity for Fear Processing in Anorexia Nervosa and Body Dysmorphic Disorder Frontiers in Psychiatry fearful face processing dynamic effective connectivity fronto-limbic modulation anorexia nervosa body dysmorphic disorder |
| title | Aberrant Dynamic Connectivity for Fear Processing in Anorexia Nervosa and Body Dysmorphic Disorder |
| title_full | Aberrant Dynamic Connectivity for Fear Processing in Anorexia Nervosa and Body Dysmorphic Disorder |
| title_fullStr | Aberrant Dynamic Connectivity for Fear Processing in Anorexia Nervosa and Body Dysmorphic Disorder |
| title_full_unstemmed | Aberrant Dynamic Connectivity for Fear Processing in Anorexia Nervosa and Body Dysmorphic Disorder |
| title_short | Aberrant Dynamic Connectivity for Fear Processing in Anorexia Nervosa and Body Dysmorphic Disorder |
| title_sort | aberrant dynamic connectivity for fear processing in anorexia nervosa and body dysmorphic disorder |
| topic | fearful face processing dynamic effective connectivity fronto-limbic modulation anorexia nervosa body dysmorphic disorder |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fpsyt.2018.00273/full |
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