Nanostructured Ti-13Nb-13Zr alloy for implant application—material scientific, technological, and biological aspects
In dentistry, the most commonly used implant materials are CP-Titanium Grade 4 and Ti-6Al-4V ELI, possessing comparably high Young’s modulus (>100 GPa). In the present study, the second-generation titanium alloy Ti-13Nb-13Zr is investigated with respect to the production of advanced dental im...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2023-08-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fbioe.2023.1255947/full |
| _version_ | 1797737394026315776 |
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| author | Lina Klinge Lukas Kluy Christopher Spiegel Carsten Siemers Peter Groche Débora Coraça-Huber |
| author_facet | Lina Klinge Lukas Kluy Christopher Spiegel Carsten Siemers Peter Groche Débora Coraça-Huber |
| author_sort | Lina Klinge |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | In dentistry, the most commonly used implant materials are CP-Titanium Grade 4 and Ti-6Al-4V ELI, possessing comparably high Young’s modulus (>100 GPa). In the present study, the second-generation titanium alloy Ti-13Nb-13Zr is investigated with respect to the production of advanced dental implant systems. This should be achieved by the fabrication of long semi-finished bars with high strength and sufficient ductility to allow the automated production of small implants at low Young’s modulus (<80 GPa) to minimize stress shielding, bone resorption, and gap formation between the bone and implant. In addition, bacterial colonization is to be reduced, and bone adhesion is to be enhanced by adjusting the microstructure. To do so, a dedicated thermo-mechanical treatment for Ti-13Nb-13Zr has been developed. This includes the adaption of equal channel angular swaging, a modern process of severe plastic deformation to continuously manufacture nanostructured materials, to Ti-13Nb-13Zr and short-time recrystallization and ageing treatments. In particular, two-pass equal channel angular swaging at a deformation temperature of 150°C and a counterpressure of 8 MPa has successfully been used to avoid shear band formation during deformation and to produce long Ti-13Nb-13Zr bars of 8 mm diameter. During recrystallization treatment at 700°C for 10 min followed by water quenching, a sub-micron-size primary α-phase in a matrix of α″-phase was developed. Subsequent ageing at 500°C for 1 h leads to martensite decomposition and, thus, to a homogeneously nanostructured microstructure of α- and β-phase with substructures smaller than 200 nm. The resulting mechanical properties, especially the ultimate tensile strength of more than 990 MPa, fulfill the requirements of ASTM F1713 at Young’s modulus of 73 GPa. Biological investigations show promising results in reducing bacterial biofilm formation and increased cell proliferation of osteoblasts compared to CP-Titanium Grade 4 and Ti-6Al-4V ELI, especially, if etched surfaces are applied. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-12T13:28:03Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-01b47225496e4068ab10b784c54209c8 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2296-4185 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-12T13:28:03Z |
| publishDate | 2023-08-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology |
| spelling | doaj.art-01b47225496e4068ab10b784c54209c82023-08-24T23:17:05ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology2296-41852023-08-011110.3389/fbioe.2023.12559471255947Nanostructured Ti-13Nb-13Zr alloy for implant application—material scientific, technological, and biological aspectsLina Klinge0Lukas Kluy1Christopher Spiegel2Carsten Siemers3Peter Groche4Débora Coraça-Huber5Institute for Materials Science, TU Braunschweig, Braunschweig, GermanyInstitute for Production Engineering and Forming Machines, TU Darmstadt, Darmstadt, GermanyResearch Laboratory for Biofilms and Implant Associated Infections (BIOFILM LAB), Experimental Orthopedics, University Hospital for Orthopedics and Traumatology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, AustriaInstitute for Materials Science, TU Braunschweig, Braunschweig, GermanyInstitute for Production Engineering and Forming Machines, TU Darmstadt, Darmstadt, GermanyResearch Laboratory for Biofilms and Implant Associated Infections (BIOFILM LAB), Experimental Orthopedics, University Hospital for Orthopedics and Traumatology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, AustriaIn dentistry, the most commonly used implant materials are CP-Titanium Grade 4 and Ti-6Al-4V ELI, possessing comparably high Young’s modulus (>100 GPa). In the present study, the second-generation titanium alloy Ti-13Nb-13Zr is investigated with respect to the production of advanced dental implant systems. This should be achieved by the fabrication of long semi-finished bars with high strength and sufficient ductility to allow the automated production of small implants at low Young’s modulus (<80 GPa) to minimize stress shielding, bone resorption, and gap formation between the bone and implant. In addition, bacterial colonization is to be reduced, and bone adhesion is to be enhanced by adjusting the microstructure. To do so, a dedicated thermo-mechanical treatment for Ti-13Nb-13Zr has been developed. This includes the adaption of equal channel angular swaging, a modern process of severe plastic deformation to continuously manufacture nanostructured materials, to Ti-13Nb-13Zr and short-time recrystallization and ageing treatments. In particular, two-pass equal channel angular swaging at a deformation temperature of 150°C and a counterpressure of 8 MPa has successfully been used to avoid shear band formation during deformation and to produce long Ti-13Nb-13Zr bars of 8 mm diameter. During recrystallization treatment at 700°C for 10 min followed by water quenching, a sub-micron-size primary α-phase in a matrix of α″-phase was developed. Subsequent ageing at 500°C for 1 h leads to martensite decomposition and, thus, to a homogeneously nanostructured microstructure of α- and β-phase with substructures smaller than 200 nm. The resulting mechanical properties, especially the ultimate tensile strength of more than 990 MPa, fulfill the requirements of ASTM F1713 at Young’s modulus of 73 GPa. Biological investigations show promising results in reducing bacterial biofilm formation and increased cell proliferation of osteoblasts compared to CP-Titanium Grade 4 and Ti-6Al-4V ELI, especially, if etched surfaces are applied.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fbioe.2023.1255947/fullTi-13Nb-13Zrnanostructured titaniumequal channel angular swagingbiofilmStaphylococcus aureusimplant material |
| spellingShingle | Lina Klinge Lukas Kluy Christopher Spiegel Carsten Siemers Peter Groche Débora Coraça-Huber Nanostructured Ti-13Nb-13Zr alloy for implant application—material scientific, technological, and biological aspects Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology Ti-13Nb-13Zr nanostructured titanium equal channel angular swaging biofilm Staphylococcus aureus implant material |
| title | Nanostructured Ti-13Nb-13Zr alloy for implant application—material scientific, technological, and biological aspects |
| title_full | Nanostructured Ti-13Nb-13Zr alloy for implant application—material scientific, technological, and biological aspects |
| title_fullStr | Nanostructured Ti-13Nb-13Zr alloy for implant application—material scientific, technological, and biological aspects |
| title_full_unstemmed | Nanostructured Ti-13Nb-13Zr alloy for implant application—material scientific, technological, and biological aspects |
| title_short | Nanostructured Ti-13Nb-13Zr alloy for implant application—material scientific, technological, and biological aspects |
| title_sort | nanostructured ti 13nb 13zr alloy for implant application material scientific technological and biological aspects |
| topic | Ti-13Nb-13Zr nanostructured titanium equal channel angular swaging biofilm Staphylococcus aureus implant material |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fbioe.2023.1255947/full |
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