Effect of Storage and Drying Treatments on Antioxidant Activity and Phenolic Composition of Lemon and Clementine Peel Extracts
Obtaining polyphenols from horticultural waste is an emerging trend that enables the valorization of resources and the recovery of value-added compounds. However, a pivotal point in the exploitation of these natural extracts is the assessment of their chemical stability. Hence, this study evaluates...
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| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2023-02-01
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| Series: | Molecules |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/28/4/1624 |
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| author | Esther Gómez-Mejía Iván Sacristán Noelia Rosales-Conrado María Eugenia León-González Yolanda Madrid |
| author_facet | Esther Gómez-Mejía Iván Sacristán Noelia Rosales-Conrado María Eugenia León-González Yolanda Madrid |
| author_sort | Esther Gómez-Mejía |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Obtaining polyphenols from horticultural waste is an emerging trend that enables the valorization of resources and the recovery of value-added compounds. However, a pivotal point in the exploitation of these natural extracts is the assessment of their chemical stability. Hence, this study evaluates the effect of temperature storage (20 and −20 °C) and drying methods on the phenolic composition and antioxidant activity of clementine and lemon peel extracts, applying HPLC-DAD-MS, spectrophotometric methods, and chemometric tools. Vacuum-drying treatment at 60 °C proved to be rather suitable for retaining the highest antioxidant activity and the hesperidin, ferulic, and coumaric contents in clementine peel extracts. Lemon extracts showed an increase in phenolic acids after oven-drying at 40 °C, while hesperidin and rutin were sustained better at 60 °C. Hydroethanolic extracts stored for 90 days preserved antioxidant activity and showed an increase in the total phenolic and flavonoid contents in lemon peels, unlike in clementine peels. Additionally, more than 50% of the initial concentration was maintained up to 51 days, highlighting a half-life time of 71 days for hesperidin in lemon peels. Temperature was not significant in the preservation of the polyphenols evaluated, except for in rutin and gallic acid, thus, the extracts could be kept at 20 °C. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T08:21:36Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-01ba02fc45584203bb97ce3eaa6d24af |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1420-3049 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T08:21:36Z |
| publishDate | 2023-02-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Molecules |
| spelling | doaj.art-01ba02fc45584203bb97ce3eaa6d24af2023-11-16T22:21:01ZengMDPI AGMolecules1420-30492023-02-01284162410.3390/molecules28041624Effect of Storage and Drying Treatments on Antioxidant Activity and Phenolic Composition of Lemon and Clementine Peel ExtractsEsther Gómez-Mejía0Iván Sacristán1Noelia Rosales-Conrado2María Eugenia León-González3Yolanda Madrid4Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, SpainDepartment of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, SpainDepartment of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, SpainDepartment of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, SpainDepartment of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, SpainObtaining polyphenols from horticultural waste is an emerging trend that enables the valorization of resources and the recovery of value-added compounds. However, a pivotal point in the exploitation of these natural extracts is the assessment of their chemical stability. Hence, this study evaluates the effect of temperature storage (20 and −20 °C) and drying methods on the phenolic composition and antioxidant activity of clementine and lemon peel extracts, applying HPLC-DAD-MS, spectrophotometric methods, and chemometric tools. Vacuum-drying treatment at 60 °C proved to be rather suitable for retaining the highest antioxidant activity and the hesperidin, ferulic, and coumaric contents in clementine peel extracts. Lemon extracts showed an increase in phenolic acids after oven-drying at 40 °C, while hesperidin and rutin were sustained better at 60 °C. Hydroethanolic extracts stored for 90 days preserved antioxidant activity and showed an increase in the total phenolic and flavonoid contents in lemon peels, unlike in clementine peels. Additionally, more than 50% of the initial concentration was maintained up to 51 days, highlighting a half-life time of 71 days for hesperidin in lemon peels. Temperature was not significant in the preservation of the polyphenols evaluated, except for in rutin and gallic acid, thus, the extracts could be kept at 20 °C.https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/28/4/1624polyphenolsantioxidant activitycitrus peelsliquid chromatographydrying treatmentsstorage conditions |
| spellingShingle | Esther Gómez-Mejía Iván Sacristán Noelia Rosales-Conrado María Eugenia León-González Yolanda Madrid Effect of Storage and Drying Treatments on Antioxidant Activity and Phenolic Composition of Lemon and Clementine Peel Extracts Molecules polyphenols antioxidant activity citrus peels liquid chromatography drying treatments storage conditions |
| title | Effect of Storage and Drying Treatments on Antioxidant Activity and Phenolic Composition of Lemon and Clementine Peel Extracts |
| title_full | Effect of Storage and Drying Treatments on Antioxidant Activity and Phenolic Composition of Lemon and Clementine Peel Extracts |
| title_fullStr | Effect of Storage and Drying Treatments on Antioxidant Activity and Phenolic Composition of Lemon and Clementine Peel Extracts |
| title_full_unstemmed | Effect of Storage and Drying Treatments on Antioxidant Activity and Phenolic Composition of Lemon and Clementine Peel Extracts |
| title_short | Effect of Storage and Drying Treatments on Antioxidant Activity and Phenolic Composition of Lemon and Clementine Peel Extracts |
| title_sort | effect of storage and drying treatments on antioxidant activity and phenolic composition of lemon and clementine peel extracts |
| topic | polyphenols antioxidant activity citrus peels liquid chromatography drying treatments storage conditions |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/28/4/1624 |
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