Cold Atmospheric-Pressure Plasma Caused Protein Damage in Methicillin-Resistant <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> Cells in Biofilms
Biofilms formed by multidrug-resistant bacteria are a major cause of hospital-acquired infections. Cold atmospheric-pressure plasma (CAP) is attractive for sterilization, especially to disrupt biofilms formed by multidrug-resistant bacteria. However, the underlying molecular mechanism is not clear....
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2021-05-01
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| Series: | Microorganisms |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2607/9/5/1072 |
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| author | Li Guo Lu Yang Yu Qi Gulimire Niyazi Lingling Huang Lu Gou Zifeng Wang Lei Zhang Dingxin Liu Xiaohua Wang Hailan Chen Michael G. Kong |
| author_facet | Li Guo Lu Yang Yu Qi Gulimire Niyazi Lingling Huang Lu Gou Zifeng Wang Lei Zhang Dingxin Liu Xiaohua Wang Hailan Chen Michael G. Kong |
| author_sort | Li Guo |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Biofilms formed by multidrug-resistant bacteria are a major cause of hospital-acquired infections. Cold atmospheric-pressure plasma (CAP) is attractive for sterilization, especially to disrupt biofilms formed by multidrug-resistant bacteria. However, the underlying molecular mechanism is not clear. In this study, CAP effectively reduced the living cells in the biofilms formed by methicillin-resistant <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i>, and 6 min treatment with CAP reduced the <i>S. aureus</i> cells in biofilms by 3.5 log<sub>10</sub>. The treatment with CAP caused the polymerization of SaFtsZ and SaClpP proteins in the <i>S. aureus</i> cells of the biofilms. In vitro analysis demonstrated that recombinant SaFtsZ lost its self-assembly capability, and recombinant SaClpP lost its peptidase activity after 2 min of treatment with CAP. Mass spectrometry showed oxidative modifications of a cluster of peaks differing by 16 Da, 31 Da, 32 Da, 47 Da, 48 Da, 62 Da, and 78 Da, induced by reactive species of CAP. It is speculated that the oxidative damage to proteins in <i>S. aureus</i> cells was induced by CAP, which contributed to the reduction of biofilms. This study elucidates the biological effect of CAP on the proteins in bacterial cells of biofilms and provides a basis for the application of CAP in the disinfection of biofilms. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T11:20:36Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-01bdf08606cf4ce09f67ebed514e5565 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2076-2607 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T11:20:36Z |
| publishDate | 2021-05-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Microorganisms |
| spelling | doaj.art-01bdf08606cf4ce09f67ebed514e55652023-11-21T20:02:47ZengMDPI AGMicroorganisms2076-26072021-05-0195107210.3390/microorganisms9051072Cold Atmospheric-Pressure Plasma Caused Protein Damage in Methicillin-Resistant <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> Cells in BiofilmsLi Guo0Lu Yang1Yu Qi2Gulimire Niyazi3Lingling Huang4Lu Gou5Zifeng Wang6Lei Zhang7Dingxin Liu8Xiaohua Wang9Hailan Chen10Michael G. Kong11State Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Power Equipment, Center for Plasma Biomedicine, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, ChinaSchool of Life Science and Technology, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Power Equipment, Center for Plasma Biomedicine, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, ChinaSchool of Life Science and Technology, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Power Equipment, Center for Plasma Biomedicine, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, ChinaSchool of Physics, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Power Equipment, Center for Plasma Biomedicine, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, ChinaSchool of Physics, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Power Equipment, Center for Plasma Biomedicine, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Power Equipment, Center for Plasma Biomedicine, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, ChinaFrank Reidy Center for Bioelectrics, Old Dominion University, Norfolk, VA 23508, USAFrank Reidy Center for Bioelectrics, Old Dominion University, Norfolk, VA 23508, USABiofilms formed by multidrug-resistant bacteria are a major cause of hospital-acquired infections. Cold atmospheric-pressure plasma (CAP) is attractive for sterilization, especially to disrupt biofilms formed by multidrug-resistant bacteria. However, the underlying molecular mechanism is not clear. In this study, CAP effectively reduced the living cells in the biofilms formed by methicillin-resistant <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i>, and 6 min treatment with CAP reduced the <i>S. aureus</i> cells in biofilms by 3.5 log<sub>10</sub>. The treatment with CAP caused the polymerization of SaFtsZ and SaClpP proteins in the <i>S. aureus</i> cells of the biofilms. In vitro analysis demonstrated that recombinant SaFtsZ lost its self-assembly capability, and recombinant SaClpP lost its peptidase activity after 2 min of treatment with CAP. Mass spectrometry showed oxidative modifications of a cluster of peaks differing by 16 Da, 31 Da, 32 Da, 47 Da, 48 Da, 62 Da, and 78 Da, induced by reactive species of CAP. It is speculated that the oxidative damage to proteins in <i>S. aureus</i> cells was induced by CAP, which contributed to the reduction of biofilms. This study elucidates the biological effect of CAP on the proteins in bacterial cells of biofilms and provides a basis for the application of CAP in the disinfection of biofilms.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2607/9/5/1072cold atmospheric-pressure plasmabiofilmoxidative damagereactive speciesmethicillin-resistant <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> |
| spellingShingle | Li Guo Lu Yang Yu Qi Gulimire Niyazi Lingling Huang Lu Gou Zifeng Wang Lei Zhang Dingxin Liu Xiaohua Wang Hailan Chen Michael G. Kong Cold Atmospheric-Pressure Plasma Caused Protein Damage in Methicillin-Resistant <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> Cells in Biofilms Microorganisms cold atmospheric-pressure plasma biofilm oxidative damage reactive species methicillin-resistant <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> |
| title | Cold Atmospheric-Pressure Plasma Caused Protein Damage in Methicillin-Resistant <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> Cells in Biofilms |
| title_full | Cold Atmospheric-Pressure Plasma Caused Protein Damage in Methicillin-Resistant <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> Cells in Biofilms |
| title_fullStr | Cold Atmospheric-Pressure Plasma Caused Protein Damage in Methicillin-Resistant <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> Cells in Biofilms |
| title_full_unstemmed | Cold Atmospheric-Pressure Plasma Caused Protein Damage in Methicillin-Resistant <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> Cells in Biofilms |
| title_short | Cold Atmospheric-Pressure Plasma Caused Protein Damage in Methicillin-Resistant <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> Cells in Biofilms |
| title_sort | cold atmospheric pressure plasma caused protein damage in methicillin resistant i staphylococcus aureus i cells in biofilms |
| topic | cold atmospheric-pressure plasma biofilm oxidative damage reactive species methicillin-resistant <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2607/9/5/1072 |
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