Divalent Nonaqueous Metal-Air Batteries
In the field of secondary batteries, the growing diversity of possible applications for energy storage has led to the investigation of numerous alternative systems to the state-of-the-art lithium-ion battery. Metal-air batteries are one such technology, due to promising specific energies that could...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2021-02-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Energy Research |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fenrg.2020.602918/full |
| _version_ | 1811271202499461120 |
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| author | Yi-Ting Lu Yi-Ting Lu Alex R. Neale Chi-Chang Hu Laurence J. Hardwick |
| author_facet | Yi-Ting Lu Yi-Ting Lu Alex R. Neale Chi-Chang Hu Laurence J. Hardwick |
| author_sort | Yi-Ting Lu |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | In the field of secondary batteries, the growing diversity of possible applications for energy storage has led to the investigation of numerous alternative systems to the state-of-the-art lithium-ion battery. Metal-air batteries are one such technology, due to promising specific energies that could reach beyond the theoretical maximum of lithium-ion. Much focus over the past decade has been on lithium and sodium-air, and, only in recent years, efforts have been stepped up in the study of divalent metal-air batteries. Within this article, the opportunities, progress, and challenges in nonaqueous rechargeable magnesium and calcium-air batteries will be examined and critically reviewed. In particular, attention will be focused on the electrolyte development for reversible metal deposition and the positive electrode chemistries (frequently referred to as the “air cathode”). Synergies between two cell chemistries will be described, along with the present impediments required to be overcome. Scientific advances in understanding fundamental cell (electro)chemistry and electrolyte development are crucial to surmount these barriers in order to edge these technologies toward practical application. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-12T22:15:54Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-01cd8927f1e5489fb540c03f966e371e |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2296-598X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-12T22:15:54Z |
| publishDate | 2021-02-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Energy Research |
| spelling | doaj.art-01cd8927f1e5489fb540c03f966e371e2022-12-22T03:14:31ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Energy Research2296-598X2021-02-01810.3389/fenrg.2020.602918602918Divalent Nonaqueous Metal-Air BatteriesYi-Ting Lu0Yi-Ting Lu1Alex R. Neale2Chi-Chang Hu3Laurence J. Hardwick4Department of Chemistry, Stephenson Institute for Renewable Energy, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United KingtomDepartment of Chemical Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Hsin-Chu, TaiwanDepartment of Chemistry, Stephenson Institute for Renewable Energy, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United KingtomDepartment of Chemical Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Hsin-Chu, TaiwanDepartment of Chemistry, Stephenson Institute for Renewable Energy, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United KingtomIn the field of secondary batteries, the growing diversity of possible applications for energy storage has led to the investigation of numerous alternative systems to the state-of-the-art lithium-ion battery. Metal-air batteries are one such technology, due to promising specific energies that could reach beyond the theoretical maximum of lithium-ion. Much focus over the past decade has been on lithium and sodium-air, and, only in recent years, efforts have been stepped up in the study of divalent metal-air batteries. Within this article, the opportunities, progress, and challenges in nonaqueous rechargeable magnesium and calcium-air batteries will be examined and critically reviewed. In particular, attention will be focused on the electrolyte development for reversible metal deposition and the positive electrode chemistries (frequently referred to as the “air cathode”). Synergies between two cell chemistries will be described, along with the present impediments required to be overcome. Scientific advances in understanding fundamental cell (electro)chemistry and electrolyte development are crucial to surmount these barriers in order to edge these technologies toward practical application.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fenrg.2020.602918/fullmetal-air batteriesdivalent cationsmagnesium batteriescalcium batteriesmetal electroplatingoxygen electrochemistry |
| spellingShingle | Yi-Ting Lu Yi-Ting Lu Alex R. Neale Chi-Chang Hu Laurence J. Hardwick Divalent Nonaqueous Metal-Air Batteries Frontiers in Energy Research metal-air batteries divalent cations magnesium batteries calcium batteries metal electroplating oxygen electrochemistry |
| title | Divalent Nonaqueous Metal-Air Batteries |
| title_full | Divalent Nonaqueous Metal-Air Batteries |
| title_fullStr | Divalent Nonaqueous Metal-Air Batteries |
| title_full_unstemmed | Divalent Nonaqueous Metal-Air Batteries |
| title_short | Divalent Nonaqueous Metal-Air Batteries |
| title_sort | divalent nonaqueous metal air batteries |
| topic | metal-air batteries divalent cations magnesium batteries calcium batteries metal electroplating oxygen electrochemistry |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fenrg.2020.602918/full |
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