RNA-Seq-Based Transcriptomics and GC–MS Quantitative Analysis Reveal Antifungal Mechanisms of Essential Oil of <i>Clausena lansium</i> (Lour.) Skeels Seeds against <i>Candida albicans</i>
Infections caused by <i>Candida albicans</i> (<i>C. albicans</i>) and increasing resistance to commonly used drugs lead to a variety of mucosal diseases and systemic infectious diseases. We previously confirmed that the essential oil of <i>Clausena lansium</i> (Lo...
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MDPI AG
2023-12-01
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| author | Yinzheng Ma Jinlei Sui Yan Wang Wanying Sun Guohui Yi Jinyan Wu Shi Qiu Lili Wang Aihua Zhang Xiaowen He |
| author_facet | Yinzheng Ma Jinlei Sui Yan Wang Wanying Sun Guohui Yi Jinyan Wu Shi Qiu Lili Wang Aihua Zhang Xiaowen He |
| author_sort | Yinzheng Ma |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Infections caused by <i>Candida albicans</i> (<i>C. albicans</i>) and increasing resistance to commonly used drugs lead to a variety of mucosal diseases and systemic infectious diseases. We previously confirmed that the essential oil of <i>Clausena lansium</i> (Lour.) Skeels seeds (CSEO) had antifungal activity against <i>C. albicans</i>, but the detailed mechanism between the chemical components and antifungal activity is unclear. In this study, a quantitative analysis of five volatile components of CSEO, including sabinene, <i>α</i>-phellandrene, <i>β</i>-phellandrene, 4-terpineol, and <i>β</i>-caryophyllene, was carried out using the gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS) method. Both the broth dilution and kinetic growth methods proved that the antifungal activity of CSEO against fluconazole-resistant <i>C. albicans</i> was better than that of its main components (sabinene and 4-terpineol). To further investigate the inhibitory mechanism, the transcriptional responses of <i>C. albicans</i> to CSEO, sabinene, and 4-terpineol treatment were determined based on RNA-seq. The Venn diagram and clustering analysis pattern of differential expression genes showed the mechanism of CSEO and 4-terpineol’s anti-<i>C. albicans</i> activity might be similar from the perspective of the genes. Functional enrichment analysis suggested that CSEO regulated adherence-, hyphae-, and biofilm-formation-related genes, which may be CSEO’s active mechanism of inhibiting the growth of fluconazole-resistant <i>C. albicans</i>. Overall, we preliminarily revealed the molecular mechanism between the chemical components and the antifungal activity of CSEO against <i>C. albicans.</i> This study provides new insights to overcome the azole resistance of <i>C. albicans</i> and promote the development and application of <i>C. lansium</i> (Lour.) Skeels seeds. |
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| last_indexed | 2024-03-08T20:29:34Z |
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| spelling | doaj.art-01d62747f2ef4ef18ce71714383a07532023-12-22T14:27:33ZengMDPI AGMolecules1420-30492023-12-012824805210.3390/molecules28248052RNA-Seq-Based Transcriptomics and GC–MS Quantitative Analysis Reveal Antifungal Mechanisms of Essential Oil of <i>Clausena lansium</i> (Lour.) Skeels Seeds against <i>Candida albicans</i>Yinzheng Ma0Jinlei Sui1Yan Wang2Wanying Sun3Guohui Yi4Jinyan Wu5Shi Qiu6Lili Wang7Aihua Zhang8Xiaowen He9Public Research Center, Hainan Medical University, Haikou 571199, ChinaPublic Research Center, Hainan Medical University, Haikou 571199, ChinaPublic Research Center, Hainan Medical University, Haikou 571199, ChinaPublic Research Center, Hainan Medical University, Haikou 571199, ChinaPublic Research Center, Hainan Medical University, Haikou 571199, ChinaPublic Research Center, Hainan Medical University, Haikou 571199, ChinaPublic Research Center, Hainan Medical University, Haikou 571199, ChinaPublic Research Center, Hainan Medical University, Haikou 571199, ChinaPublic Research Center, Hainan Medical University, Haikou 571199, ChinaPublic Research Center, Hainan Medical University, Haikou 571199, ChinaInfections caused by <i>Candida albicans</i> (<i>C. albicans</i>) and increasing resistance to commonly used drugs lead to a variety of mucosal diseases and systemic infectious diseases. We previously confirmed that the essential oil of <i>Clausena lansium</i> (Lour.) Skeels seeds (CSEO) had antifungal activity against <i>C. albicans</i>, but the detailed mechanism between the chemical components and antifungal activity is unclear. In this study, a quantitative analysis of five volatile components of CSEO, including sabinene, <i>α</i>-phellandrene, <i>β</i>-phellandrene, 4-terpineol, and <i>β</i>-caryophyllene, was carried out using the gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS) method. Both the broth dilution and kinetic growth methods proved that the antifungal activity of CSEO against fluconazole-resistant <i>C. albicans</i> was better than that of its main components (sabinene and 4-terpineol). To further investigate the inhibitory mechanism, the transcriptional responses of <i>C. albicans</i> to CSEO, sabinene, and 4-terpineol treatment were determined based on RNA-seq. The Venn diagram and clustering analysis pattern of differential expression genes showed the mechanism of CSEO and 4-terpineol’s anti-<i>C. albicans</i> activity might be similar from the perspective of the genes. Functional enrichment analysis suggested that CSEO regulated adherence-, hyphae-, and biofilm-formation-related genes, which may be CSEO’s active mechanism of inhibiting the growth of fluconazole-resistant <i>C. albicans</i>. Overall, we preliminarily revealed the molecular mechanism between the chemical components and the antifungal activity of CSEO against <i>C. albicans.</i> This study provides new insights to overcome the azole resistance of <i>C. albicans</i> and promote the development and application of <i>C. lansium</i> (Lour.) Skeels seeds.https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/28/24/8052<i>Clausena lansium</i> (Lour.) Skeels seedsessential oil<i>Candida albicans</i>drug resistancegas chromatography–mass spectrometrytranscriptomics analysis |
| spellingShingle | Yinzheng Ma Jinlei Sui Yan Wang Wanying Sun Guohui Yi Jinyan Wu Shi Qiu Lili Wang Aihua Zhang Xiaowen He RNA-Seq-Based Transcriptomics and GC–MS Quantitative Analysis Reveal Antifungal Mechanisms of Essential Oil of <i>Clausena lansium</i> (Lour.) Skeels Seeds against <i>Candida albicans</i> Molecules <i>Clausena lansium</i> (Lour.) Skeels seeds essential oil <i>Candida albicans</i> drug resistance gas chromatography–mass spectrometry transcriptomics analysis |
| title | RNA-Seq-Based Transcriptomics and GC–MS Quantitative Analysis Reveal Antifungal Mechanisms of Essential Oil of <i>Clausena lansium</i> (Lour.) Skeels Seeds against <i>Candida albicans</i> |
| title_full | RNA-Seq-Based Transcriptomics and GC–MS Quantitative Analysis Reveal Antifungal Mechanisms of Essential Oil of <i>Clausena lansium</i> (Lour.) Skeels Seeds against <i>Candida albicans</i> |
| title_fullStr | RNA-Seq-Based Transcriptomics and GC–MS Quantitative Analysis Reveal Antifungal Mechanisms of Essential Oil of <i>Clausena lansium</i> (Lour.) Skeels Seeds against <i>Candida albicans</i> |
| title_full_unstemmed | RNA-Seq-Based Transcriptomics and GC–MS Quantitative Analysis Reveal Antifungal Mechanisms of Essential Oil of <i>Clausena lansium</i> (Lour.) Skeels Seeds against <i>Candida albicans</i> |
| title_short | RNA-Seq-Based Transcriptomics and GC–MS Quantitative Analysis Reveal Antifungal Mechanisms of Essential Oil of <i>Clausena lansium</i> (Lour.) Skeels Seeds against <i>Candida albicans</i> |
| title_sort | rna seq based transcriptomics and gc ms quantitative analysis reveal antifungal mechanisms of essential oil of i clausena lansium i lour skeels seeds against i candida albicans i |
| topic | <i>Clausena lansium</i> (Lour.) Skeels seeds essential oil <i>Candida albicans</i> drug resistance gas chromatography–mass spectrometry transcriptomics analysis |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/28/24/8052 |
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