Evolution and Genetic Diversity of Porcine Circovirus 3 in China
The identification of a new circovirus (Porcine Circovirus 3, PCV3) has raised concern because its impact on swine health is not fully known. In Fujian Province in eastern China, even its circulating status and genetic characteristics are unclear. Here, we tested 127 tissue samples from swine from F...
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MDPI AG
2019-08-01
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| Series: | Viruses |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4915/11/9/786 |
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| author | Ye Chen Quanming Xu Hong Chen Xian Luo Qi Wu Chen Tan Qidong Pan Ji-Long Chen |
| author_facet | Ye Chen Quanming Xu Hong Chen Xian Luo Qi Wu Chen Tan Qidong Pan Ji-Long Chen |
| author_sort | Ye Chen |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The identification of a new circovirus (Porcine Circovirus 3, PCV3) has raised concern because its impact on swine health is not fully known. In Fujian Province in eastern China, even its circulating status and genetic characteristics are unclear. Here, we tested 127 tissue samples from swine from Fujian Province that presented respiratory symptoms. All of the PCV3 positive samples were negative for many other pathogens involved in respiratory diseases like PCV2, PRRSV, and CSFV, suggesting that PCV3 is potentially pathogenic. From phylogenetic analysis, PCV3 strains are divided into two main clades and five sub-clades; PCV3a-1, PCV3a-2, PCV3a-3, PCV3b-1, and PCV3b-2. Our identified strains belong to genotypes PCV3a-1, PCV3a-2, PCV3a-3, and PCV3b-2, indicating a high degree of genetic diversity of PCV3 in Fujian province until 2019. Interestingly, we found the time of the most recent common ancestor (tMRCA) of PCV3 was dated to the 1950s, and PCV3 has a similar evolutionary rate as PCV2 (the main epidemic genotypes PCV2b and PCV2d). In addition, positive selection sites N56D/S and S77T/N on the capsid gene are located on the PCV3 antigen epitope, indicating that PCV3 is gradually adaptive in swine. In summary, our results provide important insights into the epidemiology of PCV3. |
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| issn | 1999-4915 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-14T01:17:26Z |
| publishDate | 2019-08-01 |
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| record_format | Article |
| series | Viruses |
| spelling | doaj.art-01d87b4e4a9b40db8dadca2bf31fe2912022-12-22T02:20:48ZengMDPI AGViruses1999-49152019-08-0111978610.3390/v11090786v11090786Evolution and Genetic Diversity of Porcine Circovirus 3 in ChinaYe Chen0Quanming Xu1Hong Chen2Xian Luo3Qi Wu4Chen Tan5Qidong Pan6Ji-Long Chen7Key Laboratory of Fujian-Taiwan Animal Pathogen Biology, College of Animal Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, ChinaFujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, ChinaKey Laboratory of Fujian-Taiwan Animal Pathogen Biology, College of Animal Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, ChinaKey Laboratory of Fujian-Taiwan Animal Pathogen Biology, College of Animal Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, ChinaKey Laboratory of Fujian-Taiwan Animal Pathogen Biology, College of Animal Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, ChinaKey Laboratory of Fujian-Taiwan Animal Pathogen Biology, College of Animal Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, ChinaKey Laboratory of Fujian-Taiwan Animal Pathogen Biology, College of Animal Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, ChinaKey Laboratory of Fujian-Taiwan Animal Pathogen Biology, College of Animal Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, ChinaThe identification of a new circovirus (Porcine Circovirus 3, PCV3) has raised concern because its impact on swine health is not fully known. In Fujian Province in eastern China, even its circulating status and genetic characteristics are unclear. Here, we tested 127 tissue samples from swine from Fujian Province that presented respiratory symptoms. All of the PCV3 positive samples were negative for many other pathogens involved in respiratory diseases like PCV2, PRRSV, and CSFV, suggesting that PCV3 is potentially pathogenic. From phylogenetic analysis, PCV3 strains are divided into two main clades and five sub-clades; PCV3a-1, PCV3a-2, PCV3a-3, PCV3b-1, and PCV3b-2. Our identified strains belong to genotypes PCV3a-1, PCV3a-2, PCV3a-3, and PCV3b-2, indicating a high degree of genetic diversity of PCV3 in Fujian province until 2019. Interestingly, we found the time of the most recent common ancestor (tMRCA) of PCV3 was dated to the 1950s, and PCV3 has a similar evolutionary rate as PCV2 (the main epidemic genotypes PCV2b and PCV2d). In addition, positive selection sites N56D/S and S77T/N on the capsid gene are located on the PCV3 antigen epitope, indicating that PCV3 is gradually adaptive in swine. In summary, our results provide important insights into the epidemiology of PCV3.https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4915/11/9/786PCV3emergingevolutiongenetic diversityevolutionary dynamics |
| spellingShingle | Ye Chen Quanming Xu Hong Chen Xian Luo Qi Wu Chen Tan Qidong Pan Ji-Long Chen Evolution and Genetic Diversity of Porcine Circovirus 3 in China Viruses PCV3 emerging evolution genetic diversity evolutionary dynamics |
| title | Evolution and Genetic Diversity of Porcine Circovirus 3 in China |
| title_full | Evolution and Genetic Diversity of Porcine Circovirus 3 in China |
| title_fullStr | Evolution and Genetic Diversity of Porcine Circovirus 3 in China |
| title_full_unstemmed | Evolution and Genetic Diversity of Porcine Circovirus 3 in China |
| title_short | Evolution and Genetic Diversity of Porcine Circovirus 3 in China |
| title_sort | evolution and genetic diversity of porcine circovirus 3 in china |
| topic | PCV3 emerging evolution genetic diversity evolutionary dynamics |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4915/11/9/786 |
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