Effects of Light Shading, Fertilization, and Cultivar Type on the Stable Isotope Distribution of Hybrid Rice
The effect of fertilizer supply and light intensity on the distribution of elemental contents (%C and %N) and light stable isotopes (C, N, H, and O) in different rice fractions (rice husk, brown rice, and polished rice) of two hybrid rice cultivars (maintainer lines You-1B and Zhong-9B) were investi...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2023-04-01
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| Series: | Foods |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2304-8158/12/9/1832 |
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| author | Syed Abdul Wadood Yunzhu Jiang Jing Nie Chunlin Li Karyne M. Rogers Hongyan Liu Yongzhi Zhang Weixing Zhang Yuwei Yuan |
| author_facet | Syed Abdul Wadood Yunzhu Jiang Jing Nie Chunlin Li Karyne M. Rogers Hongyan Liu Yongzhi Zhang Weixing Zhang Yuwei Yuan |
| author_sort | Syed Abdul Wadood |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The effect of fertilizer supply and light intensity on the distribution of elemental contents (%C and %N) and light stable isotopes (C, N, H, and O) in different rice fractions (rice husk, brown rice, and polished rice) of two hybrid rice cultivars (maintainer lines You-1B and Zhong-9B) were investigated. Significant variations were observed for <i>δ</i><sup>13</sup>C (−31.3 to −28.3‰), <i>δ</i><sup>15</sup>N (2.4 to 2.7‰), <i>δ</i><sup>2</sup>H (−125.7 to −84.7‰), and <i>δ</i><sup>18</sup>O (15.1‰ to 23.7‰) values in different rice fractions among different cultivars. Fertilizer treatments showed a strong association with %N, <i>δ</i><sup>15</sup>N, <i>δ</i><sup>2</sup>H, and <i>δ</i><sup>18</sup>O values while it did not impart any significant variation for the %C and <i>δ</i><sup>13</sup>C values. Light intensity levels also showed a significant influence on the isotopic values of different rice fractions. The <i>δ</i><sup>13</sup>C values showed a positive correlation with irradiance. The <i>δ</i><sup>2</sup>H and <i>δ</i><sup>15</sup>N values decreased with an increase in the irradiance. The light intensity levels did not show any significant change for <i>δ</i><sup>18</sup>O values in rice fractions. Multivariate ANOVA showed a significant interaction effect of different factors (light intensity, fertilizer concentration, and rice variety) on the isotopic composition of rice fractions. It is concluded that all environmental and cultivation factors mentioned above significantly influenced the isotopic values and should be considered when addressing the authenticity and origin of rice. Furthermore, care should be taken when selecting rice fractions for traceability and authenticity studies since isotopic signatures vary considerably among different rice fractions. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T04:18:48Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-01e1a5d7770f4f598cbb3dea92892fff |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2304-8158 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T04:18:48Z |
| publishDate | 2023-04-01 |
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| series | Foods |
| spelling | doaj.art-01e1a5d7770f4f598cbb3dea92892fff2023-11-17T22:55:27ZengMDPI AGFoods2304-81582023-04-01129183210.3390/foods12091832Effects of Light Shading, Fertilization, and Cultivar Type on the Stable Isotope Distribution of Hybrid RiceSyed Abdul Wadood0Yunzhu Jiang1Jing Nie2Chunlin Li3Karyne M. Rogers4Hongyan Liu5Yongzhi Zhang6Weixing Zhang7Yuwei Yuan8State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Hangzhou 310021, ChinaState Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Hangzhou 310021, ChinaState Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Hangzhou 310021, ChinaState Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Hangzhou 310021, ChinaState Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Hangzhou 310021, ChinaResearch Center for Plants and Human Health, Institute of Urban Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chengdu 610213, ChinaInstitute of Agro-Product Safety and Nutrition, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Information Traceability for Agricultural Products, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of China, Hangzhou 310021, ChinaChina National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou 310006, ChinaState Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Hangzhou 310021, ChinaThe effect of fertilizer supply and light intensity on the distribution of elemental contents (%C and %N) and light stable isotopes (C, N, H, and O) in different rice fractions (rice husk, brown rice, and polished rice) of two hybrid rice cultivars (maintainer lines You-1B and Zhong-9B) were investigated. Significant variations were observed for <i>δ</i><sup>13</sup>C (−31.3 to −28.3‰), <i>δ</i><sup>15</sup>N (2.4 to 2.7‰), <i>δ</i><sup>2</sup>H (−125.7 to −84.7‰), and <i>δ</i><sup>18</sup>O (15.1‰ to 23.7‰) values in different rice fractions among different cultivars. Fertilizer treatments showed a strong association with %N, <i>δ</i><sup>15</sup>N, <i>δ</i><sup>2</sup>H, and <i>δ</i><sup>18</sup>O values while it did not impart any significant variation for the %C and <i>δ</i><sup>13</sup>C values. Light intensity levels also showed a significant influence on the isotopic values of different rice fractions. The <i>δ</i><sup>13</sup>C values showed a positive correlation with irradiance. The <i>δ</i><sup>2</sup>H and <i>δ</i><sup>15</sup>N values decreased with an increase in the irradiance. The light intensity levels did not show any significant change for <i>δ</i><sup>18</sup>O values in rice fractions. Multivariate ANOVA showed a significant interaction effect of different factors (light intensity, fertilizer concentration, and rice variety) on the isotopic composition of rice fractions. It is concluded that all environmental and cultivation factors mentioned above significantly influenced the isotopic values and should be considered when addressing the authenticity and origin of rice. Furthermore, care should be taken when selecting rice fractions for traceability and authenticity studies since isotopic signatures vary considerably among different rice fractions.https://www.mdpi.com/2304-8158/12/9/1832light intensityfertilizer treatmentstable isotopeshybrid ricecultivarfractionation mechanism |
| spellingShingle | Syed Abdul Wadood Yunzhu Jiang Jing Nie Chunlin Li Karyne M. Rogers Hongyan Liu Yongzhi Zhang Weixing Zhang Yuwei Yuan Effects of Light Shading, Fertilization, and Cultivar Type on the Stable Isotope Distribution of Hybrid Rice Foods light intensity fertilizer treatment stable isotopes hybrid rice cultivar fractionation mechanism |
| title | Effects of Light Shading, Fertilization, and Cultivar Type on the Stable Isotope Distribution of Hybrid Rice |
| title_full | Effects of Light Shading, Fertilization, and Cultivar Type on the Stable Isotope Distribution of Hybrid Rice |
| title_fullStr | Effects of Light Shading, Fertilization, and Cultivar Type on the Stable Isotope Distribution of Hybrid Rice |
| title_full_unstemmed | Effects of Light Shading, Fertilization, and Cultivar Type on the Stable Isotope Distribution of Hybrid Rice |
| title_short | Effects of Light Shading, Fertilization, and Cultivar Type on the Stable Isotope Distribution of Hybrid Rice |
| title_sort | effects of light shading fertilization and cultivar type on the stable isotope distribution of hybrid rice |
| topic | light intensity fertilizer treatment stable isotopes hybrid rice cultivar fractionation mechanism |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2304-8158/12/9/1832 |
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