Time use and associations with internalizing symptoms from 1991 to 2019 among US adolescents
Introduction: Adolescent time use in recent cohorts is distinguished by large-scale changes, including shifts in parental monitoring, supervision, and adolescent activity patterns, that together may provide a more complete perspective on changing patterns of mental health than can be captured by sin...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Elsevier
2022-09-01
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| Series: | SSM: Population Health |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2352827322001604 |
| _version_ | 1828322086671613952 |
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| author | Noah T. Kreski Qixuan Chen Mark Olfson Magdalena Cerdá Deborah S. Hasin Silvia S. Martins Pia M. Mauro Katherine M. Keyes |
| author_facet | Noah T. Kreski Qixuan Chen Mark Olfson Magdalena Cerdá Deborah S. Hasin Silvia S. Martins Pia M. Mauro Katherine M. Keyes |
| author_sort | Noah T. Kreski |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Introduction: Adolescent time use in recent cohorts is distinguished by large-scale changes, including shifts in parental monitoring, supervision, and adolescent activity patterns, that together may provide a more complete perspective on changing patterns of mental health than can be captured by single risk factors. Methods: To determine whether patterns of adolescent time use explain recent increases in depressive and other internalizing symptoms, we first conducted latent profile analyses of 465,839 adolescents, grades 8/10, from annual, cross-sectional Monitoring the Future surveys, years:1991–2019, using twenty-one variables (e.g., frequency of attending parties) to identify groups based on patterns of time use. Most of the sample was female (51.0%), non-Hispanic white (58.8%), and in grade 8 (52.2%); mean age: 14.60 years (95% CI: 14.57, 14.64). We subsequently examined differences in depressive and other internalizing symptoms between these time use groups over time with survey-weighted logistic regressions producing odds ratios. Results: Analyses derived six groups: part time workers, full time workers, and four groups based on levels of social activities (Low, medium, and high levels, with “High Social” split between those engaged in sports, academics, and community service and those who were not). Internalizing symptoms were predicted by lower socialization, low engagement in activities like sports, academics, and community service, and time spent at a paid job. Adolescents decreasingly engaged in social activities over time, though shifts in time use patterns did not account for much of the overall increase in depressive symptoms. Conclusion: Shifts in adolescent time use do not explain increases in depressive and other internalizing symptoms, which increased across different patterns of time use. Levels of internalizing symptoms were highest among those with low socialization, low recreational engagement, and those working substantial hours. Encouraging socialization, engagement in recreational activities, and providing mental health resources for isolated adolescents may reduce internalizing symptom trends. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-13T18:35:48Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-01ee029323fb47969a56fc4117b3adf4 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2352-8273 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-13T18:35:48Z |
| publishDate | 2022-09-01 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
| record_format | Article |
| series | SSM: Population Health |
| spelling | doaj.art-01ee029323fb47969a56fc4117b3adf42022-12-22T02:34:52ZengElsevierSSM: Population Health2352-82732022-09-0119101181Time use and associations with internalizing symptoms from 1991 to 2019 among US adolescentsNoah T. Kreski0Qixuan Chen1Mark Olfson2Magdalena Cerdá3Deborah S. Hasin4Silvia S. Martins5Pia M. Mauro6Katherine M. Keyes7Columbia University, Mailman School of Public Health, Department of Epidemiology, 722 West 168th St, Room 733, New York, NY, 10032, USA; Corresponding author.Columbia University, Mailman School of Public Health, Department of Biostatistics, 722 West 168th Street, Room 644, New York, NY, 10032, USAColumbia University, Mailman School of Public Health, Department of Epidemiology, New York State Psychiatric Institute, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, Department of Psychiatry, 1051 Riverside Dr, New York, NY, 10032, Box 24, USANew York University Grossman School of Medicine, Department of Population Health, 180 Madison Avenue 4-16, New York, NY, 10016, USAColumbia University, Mailman School of Public Health, Department of Epidemiology, New York State Psychiatric Institute, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, Department of Psychiatry, 722 West 168th Street, Room 228F, New York, NY, 10032, USAColumbia University, Mailman School of Public Health, Department of Epidemiology, 722 West 168th Street, 5th Floor, Room 509, New York, NY, 10032, United StatesColumbia University, Mailman School of Public Health, Department of Epidemiology, 722 West 168th Street, Room 507, New York, NY, 10032, USAColumbia University, Mailman School of Public Health, Department of Epidemiology, 722 West 168th Street, Room 724, New York, NY, 10032, USAIntroduction: Adolescent time use in recent cohorts is distinguished by large-scale changes, including shifts in parental monitoring, supervision, and adolescent activity patterns, that together may provide a more complete perspective on changing patterns of mental health than can be captured by single risk factors. Methods: To determine whether patterns of adolescent time use explain recent increases in depressive and other internalizing symptoms, we first conducted latent profile analyses of 465,839 adolescents, grades 8/10, from annual, cross-sectional Monitoring the Future surveys, years:1991–2019, using twenty-one variables (e.g., frequency of attending parties) to identify groups based on patterns of time use. Most of the sample was female (51.0%), non-Hispanic white (58.8%), and in grade 8 (52.2%); mean age: 14.60 years (95% CI: 14.57, 14.64). We subsequently examined differences in depressive and other internalizing symptoms between these time use groups over time with survey-weighted logistic regressions producing odds ratios. Results: Analyses derived six groups: part time workers, full time workers, and four groups based on levels of social activities (Low, medium, and high levels, with “High Social” split between those engaged in sports, academics, and community service and those who were not). Internalizing symptoms were predicted by lower socialization, low engagement in activities like sports, academics, and community service, and time spent at a paid job. Adolescents decreasingly engaged in social activities over time, though shifts in time use patterns did not account for much of the overall increase in depressive symptoms. Conclusion: Shifts in adolescent time use do not explain increases in depressive and other internalizing symptoms, which increased across different patterns of time use. Levels of internalizing symptoms were highest among those with low socialization, low recreational engagement, and those working substantial hours. Encouraging socialization, engagement in recreational activities, and providing mental health resources for isolated adolescents may reduce internalizing symptom trends.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2352827322001604DepressionTime useSelf-esteemSelf-derogation |
| spellingShingle | Noah T. Kreski Qixuan Chen Mark Olfson Magdalena Cerdá Deborah S. Hasin Silvia S. Martins Pia M. Mauro Katherine M. Keyes Time use and associations with internalizing symptoms from 1991 to 2019 among US adolescents SSM: Population Health Depression Time use Self-esteem Self-derogation |
| title | Time use and associations with internalizing symptoms from 1991 to 2019 among US adolescents |
| title_full | Time use and associations with internalizing symptoms from 1991 to 2019 among US adolescents |
| title_fullStr | Time use and associations with internalizing symptoms from 1991 to 2019 among US adolescents |
| title_full_unstemmed | Time use and associations with internalizing symptoms from 1991 to 2019 among US adolescents |
| title_short | Time use and associations with internalizing symptoms from 1991 to 2019 among US adolescents |
| title_sort | time use and associations with internalizing symptoms from 1991 to 2019 among us adolescents |
| topic | Depression Time use Self-esteem Self-derogation |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2352827322001604 |
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