Systemization for the management of acid-base balance in seriously ill patients
Introduction: Acid-base balance alterations can be of a primary nature. In most cases, they depend on the complication of a pre-existing disease. The frequency of these disorders is high, especially in patients hospitalized in critical care units. Its appearance carries significant prognostic implic...
| Main Authors: | , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | Spanish |
| Published: |
Centro Nacional de Información de Ciencias Médicas. Editorial de Ciencias Médicas (ECIMED)
2022-01-01
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| Series: | Revista Cubana de Anestesiología y Reanimación |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://revanestesia.sld.cu/index.php/anestRean/article/view/720 |
| _version_ | 1798035420292841472 |
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| author | Pablo Joel Morejón Esperón Jean Le’Clerc Nicolás Anabel Hernandez Ruiz |
| author_facet | Pablo Joel Morejón Esperón Jean Le’Clerc Nicolás Anabel Hernandez Ruiz |
| author_sort | Pablo Joel Morejón Esperón |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Introduction: Acid-base balance alterations can be of a primary nature. In most cases, they depend on the complication of a pre-existing disease. The frequency of these disorders is high, especially in patients hospitalized in critical care units. Its appearance carries significant prognostic implications.
Objective: To systematize the current state of acid-base balance management.
Method: A bibliographic review was carried out, for which the tools of the scientific method were used. All the available bibliography, published in the last five years, was examined; thus, a critical synthesis was prepared, according to the criteria and competences of the authors regarding the subject.
Results: The importance of the clinical evaluation is exposed, which, together with PCO2 levels as well as excess or deficit of bases in an arterial blood gas, allow to identify the existing acid-base disorder. Likewise, it is highlighted that CO2 has a key function in ventilation control, together with the modifications it produces on cerebral blood flow, pH and adrenergic tone. Another important aspect was the recent clinical practice of “permissive hypercapnia” to reduce tissue metabolism and thus improve surfactant function and prevent protein nitration.
Conclusions: The management of acid-base imbalances should be mastered by all professionals associated to medical care, since any delay in its diagnosis can worsen the evolution and prognosis of seriously ill patients.
Keywords: acid-base disorders; metabolic acidosis; metabolic alkalosis; respiratory acidosis; respiratory alkalosis. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-11T20:57:57Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-02001aa3737640f2aeb7b1542c354e09 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1726-6718 |
| language | Spanish |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-11T20:57:57Z |
| publishDate | 2022-01-01 |
| publisher | Centro Nacional de Información de Ciencias Médicas. Editorial de Ciencias Médicas (ECIMED) |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Revista Cubana de Anestesiología y Reanimación |
| spelling | doaj.art-02001aa3737640f2aeb7b1542c354e092022-12-22T04:03:36ZspaCentro Nacional de Información de Ciencias Médicas. Editorial de Ciencias Médicas (ECIMED)Revista Cubana de Anestesiología y Reanimación1726-67182022-01-01203613Systemization for the management of acid-base balance in seriously ill patientsPablo Joel Morejón Esperón0Jean Le’Clerc Nicolás1Anabel Hernandez Ruiz2Joaquín AlbarránJoaquín AlbarránHDCQ Joaquín Albarrán DomínguezIntroduction: Acid-base balance alterations can be of a primary nature. In most cases, they depend on the complication of a pre-existing disease. The frequency of these disorders is high, especially in patients hospitalized in critical care units. Its appearance carries significant prognostic implications. Objective: To systematize the current state of acid-base balance management. Method: A bibliographic review was carried out, for which the tools of the scientific method were used. All the available bibliography, published in the last five years, was examined; thus, a critical synthesis was prepared, according to the criteria and competences of the authors regarding the subject. Results: The importance of the clinical evaluation is exposed, which, together with PCO2 levels as well as excess or deficit of bases in an arterial blood gas, allow to identify the existing acid-base disorder. Likewise, it is highlighted that CO2 has a key function in ventilation control, together with the modifications it produces on cerebral blood flow, pH and adrenergic tone. Another important aspect was the recent clinical practice of “permissive hypercapnia” to reduce tissue metabolism and thus improve surfactant function and prevent protein nitration. Conclusions: The management of acid-base imbalances should be mastered by all professionals associated to medical care, since any delay in its diagnosis can worsen the evolution and prognosis of seriously ill patients. Keywords: acid-base disorders; metabolic acidosis; metabolic alkalosis; respiratory acidosis; respiratory alkalosis.http://revanestesia.sld.cu/index.php/anestRean/article/view/720trastornos ácido base, acidosis metabólica, alcalosis metabólica, acidosis respiratoria, alcalosis respiratoria. |
| spellingShingle | Pablo Joel Morejón Esperón Jean Le’Clerc Nicolás Anabel Hernandez Ruiz Systemization for the management of acid-base balance in seriously ill patients Revista Cubana de Anestesiología y Reanimación trastornos ácido base, acidosis metabólica, alcalosis metabólica, acidosis respiratoria, alcalosis respiratoria. |
| title | Systemization for the management of acid-base balance in seriously ill patients |
| title_full | Systemization for the management of acid-base balance in seriously ill patients |
| title_fullStr | Systemization for the management of acid-base balance in seriously ill patients |
| title_full_unstemmed | Systemization for the management of acid-base balance in seriously ill patients |
| title_short | Systemization for the management of acid-base balance in seriously ill patients |
| title_sort | systemization for the management of acid base balance in seriously ill patients |
| topic | trastornos ácido base, acidosis metabólica, alcalosis metabólica, acidosis respiratoria, alcalosis respiratoria. |
| url | http://revanestesia.sld.cu/index.php/anestRean/article/view/720 |
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