Seasonal Characteristics of Fine Particulate Carbonaceous Species in Taiyuan, North China
To characterize seasonal carbonaceous aerosol pollution in Taiyuan, a typical city in North China that mainly relies heavily on coal, a total of 124 PM<sub>2.5</sub> samples were collected from August 2018 to the next May. The annual mean PM<sub>2.5</sub> concentration was 83...
| Main Authors: | , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2023-03-01
|
| Series: | Atmosphere |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4433/14/3/593 |
| _version_ | 1827751284539654144 |
|---|---|
| author | Wenbo Li Xinya Zhao Fengbo Guo Kankan Liu |
| author_facet | Wenbo Li Xinya Zhao Fengbo Guo Kankan Liu |
| author_sort | Wenbo Li |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | To characterize seasonal carbonaceous aerosol pollution in Taiyuan, a typical city in North China that mainly relies heavily on coal, a total of 124 PM<sub>2.5</sub> samples were collected from August 2018 to the next May. The annual mean PM<sub>2.5</sub> concentration was 83.8 ± 48.5 μg m<sup>−3</sup>, with a seasonal rank of winter (117.4 ± 47.6 μg m<sup>−3</sup>) > spring (79.2 ± 34.3 μg m<sup>−3</sup>) > fall (67.3 ± 34.7 μg m<sup>−3</sup>) > summer (31.8 ± 6.5 μg m<sup>−3</sup>), suggesting that fine particulate pollution was still serious in cold seasons. Organic carbon (OC) and elemental carbon (EC) showed similar seasonal patterns with PM<sub>2.5</sub>. The mean concentration values of OC in summer, fall, winter, and spring were 5.1 ± 0.9, 11.8 ± 6.4, 22.1 ± 14.9, and 12.2 ± 6.7 μg m<sup>−3</sup>, respectively. The mean concentration values of EC in summer, fall, winter, and spring were 1.5 ± 0.3, 2.5 ± 1.6, 4.4 ± 2.8, and 2.4 ± 1.5 μg m<sup>−3</sup>, respectively. The proportion of total carbon aerosol (TCA) was about 31.7%, 33.8%, 30.0%, and 27.0% in PM<sub>2.5</sub> in summer, fall, winter, and spring, respectively. The good correlation between OC vs. EC and the high value of OC/EC suggests that coal and biomass combustion were the main emissions in cold seasons, aggravated by adverse meteorological conditions and the dustpan-shaped terrain. The mean annual secondary organic carbon (SOC) concentration was 6.1 ± 7.1μg m<sup>−3</sup>, representing 38.7% of the OC content. The present results presented the serious carbonaceous particulate pollution, which might affect haze pollution in cold seasons. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T06:56:05Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-02034b89e1314a9fa9e62616f9b08415 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2073-4433 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T06:56:05Z |
| publishDate | 2023-03-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Atmosphere |
| spelling | doaj.art-02034b89e1314a9fa9e62616f9b084152023-11-17T09:33:55ZengMDPI AGAtmosphere2073-44332023-03-0114359310.3390/atmos14030593Seasonal Characteristics of Fine Particulate Carbonaceous Species in Taiyuan, North ChinaWenbo Li0Xinya Zhao1Fengbo Guo2Kankan Liu3School of Environment and Safety Engineering, North University of China, Taiyuan 030051, ChinaSchool of Environment and Safety Engineering, North University of China, Taiyuan 030051, ChinaSchool of Environment and Safety Engineering, North University of China, Taiyuan 030051, ChinaSchool of Environment and Safety Engineering, North University of China, Taiyuan 030051, ChinaTo characterize seasonal carbonaceous aerosol pollution in Taiyuan, a typical city in North China that mainly relies heavily on coal, a total of 124 PM<sub>2.5</sub> samples were collected from August 2018 to the next May. The annual mean PM<sub>2.5</sub> concentration was 83.8 ± 48.5 μg m<sup>−3</sup>, with a seasonal rank of winter (117.4 ± 47.6 μg m<sup>−3</sup>) > spring (79.2 ± 34.3 μg m<sup>−3</sup>) > fall (67.3 ± 34.7 μg m<sup>−3</sup>) > summer (31.8 ± 6.5 μg m<sup>−3</sup>), suggesting that fine particulate pollution was still serious in cold seasons. Organic carbon (OC) and elemental carbon (EC) showed similar seasonal patterns with PM<sub>2.5</sub>. The mean concentration values of OC in summer, fall, winter, and spring were 5.1 ± 0.9, 11.8 ± 6.4, 22.1 ± 14.9, and 12.2 ± 6.7 μg m<sup>−3</sup>, respectively. The mean concentration values of EC in summer, fall, winter, and spring were 1.5 ± 0.3, 2.5 ± 1.6, 4.4 ± 2.8, and 2.4 ± 1.5 μg m<sup>−3</sup>, respectively. The proportion of total carbon aerosol (TCA) was about 31.7%, 33.8%, 30.0%, and 27.0% in PM<sub>2.5</sub> in summer, fall, winter, and spring, respectively. The good correlation between OC vs. EC and the high value of OC/EC suggests that coal and biomass combustion were the main emissions in cold seasons, aggravated by adverse meteorological conditions and the dustpan-shaped terrain. The mean annual secondary organic carbon (SOC) concentration was 6.1 ± 7.1μg m<sup>−3</sup>, representing 38.7% of the OC content. The present results presented the serious carbonaceous particulate pollution, which might affect haze pollution in cold seasons.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4433/14/3/593Taiyuancarbonaceous specieselemental carbonorganic carbonPM<sub>2.5</sub> |
| spellingShingle | Wenbo Li Xinya Zhao Fengbo Guo Kankan Liu Seasonal Characteristics of Fine Particulate Carbonaceous Species in Taiyuan, North China Atmosphere Taiyuan carbonaceous species elemental carbon organic carbon PM<sub>2.5</sub> |
| title | Seasonal Characteristics of Fine Particulate Carbonaceous Species in Taiyuan, North China |
| title_full | Seasonal Characteristics of Fine Particulate Carbonaceous Species in Taiyuan, North China |
| title_fullStr | Seasonal Characteristics of Fine Particulate Carbonaceous Species in Taiyuan, North China |
| title_full_unstemmed | Seasonal Characteristics of Fine Particulate Carbonaceous Species in Taiyuan, North China |
| title_short | Seasonal Characteristics of Fine Particulate Carbonaceous Species in Taiyuan, North China |
| title_sort | seasonal characteristics of fine particulate carbonaceous species in taiyuan north china |
| topic | Taiyuan carbonaceous species elemental carbon organic carbon PM<sub>2.5</sub> |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4433/14/3/593 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT wenboli seasonalcharacteristicsoffineparticulatecarbonaceousspeciesintaiyuannorthchina AT xinyazhao seasonalcharacteristicsoffineparticulatecarbonaceousspeciesintaiyuannorthchina AT fengboguo seasonalcharacteristicsoffineparticulatecarbonaceousspeciesintaiyuannorthchina AT kankanliu seasonalcharacteristicsoffineparticulatecarbonaceousspeciesintaiyuannorthchina |