Enhanced Uptake of Fe3O4 Nanoparticles by Intestinal Epithelial Cells in a State of Inflammation
Fe3O4 nanoparticles (Fe3O4 NPs) have been used for medical and drug applications, although the mechanisms of cellular uptake and transport need to be further evaluated under inflammatory conditions. In the present study, we investigated the uptake of Fe3O4 NPs (20, 50, 100, and 200 nm) by intestinal...
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MDPI AG
2017-07-01
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| Series: | Molecules |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/22/8/1240 |
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| author | Gang Zhou Jin Zhang Chun Pan Naicheng Liu Zhenheng Wang Junfeng Zhang |
| author_facet | Gang Zhou Jin Zhang Chun Pan Naicheng Liu Zhenheng Wang Junfeng Zhang |
| author_sort | Gang Zhou |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Fe3O4 nanoparticles (Fe3O4 NPs) have been used for medical and drug applications, although the mechanisms of cellular uptake and transport need to be further evaluated under inflammatory conditions. In the present study, we investigated the uptake of Fe3O4 NPs (20, 50, 100, and 200 nm) by intestinal epithelial cells under inflammatory conditions via the light scattering of flow cytometry and inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) techniques. The results of the correlation analysis indicated that the uptake ratios of Fe3O4 NPs by intestinal epithelial cells under inflammatory conditions were higher than those under the control conditions. The transportation ratios of NPs by inflammatory Caco-2 cells increased almost 0.8–1.2 fold compared to the control. The internalization of the Fe3O4 NPs in Caco-2 cells was mediated by clathrin-related routes in both the control and an interleukin-1β (IL-1β)-induced inflammatory condition. The level of mRNA of clathrin expressed in Caco-2 cells that were stimulated by IL-1β was almost three times more than the control. Consistently with the mRNA expression, the level of protein in the clathrin was upregulated. Additionally, it was verified for the first time that the expression of clathrin was upregulated in IL-1β-stimulated Caco-2 cells. Collectively, these results provided a further potential understanding about the mechanism of Fe3O4 NPs’ uptake by intestinal epithelial cells under inflammatory conditions. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-12T20:01:55Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-021deb93c89347388a160fbe632d117b |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1420-3049 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-12T20:01:55Z |
| publishDate | 2017-07-01 |
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| record_format | Article |
| series | Molecules |
| spelling | doaj.art-021deb93c89347388a160fbe632d117b2022-12-22T00:13:43ZengMDPI AGMolecules1420-30492017-07-01228124010.3390/molecules22081240molecules22081240Enhanced Uptake of Fe3O4 Nanoparticles by Intestinal Epithelial Cells in a State of InflammationGang Zhou0Jin Zhang1Chun Pan2Naicheng Liu3Zhenheng Wang4Junfeng Zhang5State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, No. 163, Xianlin Avenue, Qixia District, Nanjing 210023, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, No. 163, Xianlin Avenue, Qixia District, Nanjing 210023, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, No. 163, Xianlin Avenue, Qixia District, Nanjing 210023, ChinaSchool of Medicine, Nanjing University, No. 22, Hankou Road, Gulou District, Nanjing 210093, ChinaSchool of Medicine, Nanjing University, No. 22, Hankou Road, Gulou District, Nanjing 210093, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, No. 163, Xianlin Avenue, Qixia District, Nanjing 210023, ChinaFe3O4 nanoparticles (Fe3O4 NPs) have been used for medical and drug applications, although the mechanisms of cellular uptake and transport need to be further evaluated under inflammatory conditions. In the present study, we investigated the uptake of Fe3O4 NPs (20, 50, 100, and 200 nm) by intestinal epithelial cells under inflammatory conditions via the light scattering of flow cytometry and inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) techniques. The results of the correlation analysis indicated that the uptake ratios of Fe3O4 NPs by intestinal epithelial cells under inflammatory conditions were higher than those under the control conditions. The transportation ratios of NPs by inflammatory Caco-2 cells increased almost 0.8–1.2 fold compared to the control. The internalization of the Fe3O4 NPs in Caco-2 cells was mediated by clathrin-related routes in both the control and an interleukin-1β (IL-1β)-induced inflammatory condition. The level of mRNA of clathrin expressed in Caco-2 cells that were stimulated by IL-1β was almost three times more than the control. Consistently with the mRNA expression, the level of protein in the clathrin was upregulated. Additionally, it was verified for the first time that the expression of clathrin was upregulated in IL-1β-stimulated Caco-2 cells. Collectively, these results provided a further potential understanding about the mechanism of Fe3O4 NPs’ uptake by intestinal epithelial cells under inflammatory conditions.https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/22/8/1240inflammationCaco-2 cell monolayersnanoparticlesuptake |
| spellingShingle | Gang Zhou Jin Zhang Chun Pan Naicheng Liu Zhenheng Wang Junfeng Zhang Enhanced Uptake of Fe3O4 Nanoparticles by Intestinal Epithelial Cells in a State of Inflammation Molecules inflammation Caco-2 cell monolayers nanoparticles uptake |
| title | Enhanced Uptake of Fe3O4 Nanoparticles by Intestinal Epithelial Cells in a State of Inflammation |
| title_full | Enhanced Uptake of Fe3O4 Nanoparticles by Intestinal Epithelial Cells in a State of Inflammation |
| title_fullStr | Enhanced Uptake of Fe3O4 Nanoparticles by Intestinal Epithelial Cells in a State of Inflammation |
| title_full_unstemmed | Enhanced Uptake of Fe3O4 Nanoparticles by Intestinal Epithelial Cells in a State of Inflammation |
| title_short | Enhanced Uptake of Fe3O4 Nanoparticles by Intestinal Epithelial Cells in a State of Inflammation |
| title_sort | enhanced uptake of fe3o4 nanoparticles by intestinal epithelial cells in a state of inflammation |
| topic | inflammation Caco-2 cell monolayers nanoparticles uptake |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/22/8/1240 |
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