<i>S</i>-(−)-Oleocanthal Ex Vivo Modulatory Effects on Gut Microbiota
Compelling evidence points to the critical role of bioactive extra-virgin olive oil (EVOO) phenolics and gut microbiota (GM) interplay, but reliable models for studying the consequences thereof remain to be developed. Herein, we report an optimized ex vivo fecal anaerobic fermentation model to study...
| Main Authors: | , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2023-01-01
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| Series: | Nutrients |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/15/3/618 |
| _version_ | 1797623511917789184 |
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| author | Mohammed H. Qusa Khaldoun S. Abdelwahed Ronald A. Hill Khalid A. El Sayed |
| author_facet | Mohammed H. Qusa Khaldoun S. Abdelwahed Ronald A. Hill Khalid A. El Sayed |
| author_sort | Mohammed H. Qusa |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Compelling evidence points to the critical role of bioactive extra-virgin olive oil (EVOO) phenolics and gut microbiota (GM) interplay, but reliable models for studying the consequences thereof remain to be developed. Herein, we report an optimized ex vivo fecal anaerobic fermentation model to study the modulation of GM by the most bioactive EVOO phenolic <i>S</i>-(−)-oleocanthal (OC), and impacts therefrom, focusing on OC biotransformation in the gut. This model will also be applicable for characterization of GM interactions with other EVOO phenolics, and moreover, for a broadly diverse range of bioactive natural products. The fecal fermentation media and time, and mouse type and gender, were the major factors varied and optimized to provide better understanding of GM-OC interplay. A novel resin entrapment technique (solid-phase extraction) served to selectively entrap OC metabolites, degradation products, and any remaining fraction of OC while excluding interfering complex fecal medium constituents. The effects of OC on GM compositions were investigated via shallow shotgun DNA sequencing. Robust metabolome analyses identified GM bacterial species selectively altered (population numbers/fraction) by OC. Finally, the topmost OC-affected gut bacterial species of the studied mice were compared with those known to be extant in humans and distributions of these bacteria at different human body sites. OC intake caused significant quantitative and qualitative changes to mice GM, which was also comparable with human GM. Results clearly highlight the potential positive health outcomes of OC as a prospective nutraceutical. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T09:30:00Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-02274684e84e4294a206a3e34fcfa0f3 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2072-6643 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T09:30:00Z |
| publishDate | 2023-01-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Nutrients |
| spelling | doaj.art-02274684e84e4294a206a3e34fcfa0f32023-11-16T17:39:30ZengMDPI AGNutrients2072-66432023-01-0115361810.3390/nu15030618<i>S</i>-(−)-Oleocanthal Ex Vivo Modulatory Effects on Gut MicrobiotaMohammed H. Qusa0Khaldoun S. Abdelwahed1Ronald A. Hill2Khalid A. El Sayed3School of Basic Pharmaceutical and Toxicological Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Louisiana at Monroe, 1800 Bienville Drive, Monroe, LA 71201, USASchool of Basic Pharmaceutical and Toxicological Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Louisiana at Monroe, 1800 Bienville Drive, Monroe, LA 71201, USASchool of Basic Pharmaceutical and Toxicological Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Louisiana at Monroe, 1800 Bienville Drive, Monroe, LA 71201, USASchool of Basic Pharmaceutical and Toxicological Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Louisiana at Monroe, 1800 Bienville Drive, Monroe, LA 71201, USACompelling evidence points to the critical role of bioactive extra-virgin olive oil (EVOO) phenolics and gut microbiota (GM) interplay, but reliable models for studying the consequences thereof remain to be developed. Herein, we report an optimized ex vivo fecal anaerobic fermentation model to study the modulation of GM by the most bioactive EVOO phenolic <i>S</i>-(−)-oleocanthal (OC), and impacts therefrom, focusing on OC biotransformation in the gut. This model will also be applicable for characterization of GM interactions with other EVOO phenolics, and moreover, for a broadly diverse range of bioactive natural products. The fecal fermentation media and time, and mouse type and gender, were the major factors varied and optimized to provide better understanding of GM-OC interplay. A novel resin entrapment technique (solid-phase extraction) served to selectively entrap OC metabolites, degradation products, and any remaining fraction of OC while excluding interfering complex fecal medium constituents. The effects of OC on GM compositions were investigated via shallow shotgun DNA sequencing. Robust metabolome analyses identified GM bacterial species selectively altered (population numbers/fraction) by OC. Finally, the topmost OC-affected gut bacterial species of the studied mice were compared with those known to be extant in humans and distributions of these bacteria at different human body sites. OC intake caused significant quantitative and qualitative changes to mice GM, which was also comparable with human GM. Results clearly highlight the potential positive health outcomes of OC as a prospective nutraceutical.https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/15/3/618extra-virgin olive oilfecal fermentationmicrobiota<i>S</i>-(−)-oleocanthalshotgun analysis |
| spellingShingle | Mohammed H. Qusa Khaldoun S. Abdelwahed Ronald A. Hill Khalid A. El Sayed <i>S</i>-(−)-Oleocanthal Ex Vivo Modulatory Effects on Gut Microbiota Nutrients extra-virgin olive oil fecal fermentation microbiota <i>S</i>-(−)-oleocanthal shotgun analysis |
| title | <i>S</i>-(−)-Oleocanthal Ex Vivo Modulatory Effects on Gut Microbiota |
| title_full | <i>S</i>-(−)-Oleocanthal Ex Vivo Modulatory Effects on Gut Microbiota |
| title_fullStr | <i>S</i>-(−)-Oleocanthal Ex Vivo Modulatory Effects on Gut Microbiota |
| title_full_unstemmed | <i>S</i>-(−)-Oleocanthal Ex Vivo Modulatory Effects on Gut Microbiota |
| title_short | <i>S</i>-(−)-Oleocanthal Ex Vivo Modulatory Effects on Gut Microbiota |
| title_sort | i s i oleocanthal ex vivo modulatory effects on gut microbiota |
| topic | extra-virgin olive oil fecal fermentation microbiota <i>S</i>-(−)-oleocanthal shotgun analysis |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/15/3/618 |
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