The Genome of <i>Fusarium oxysporum</i> f. sp. <i>phaseoli</i> Provides Insight into the Evolution of Genomes and Effectors of <i>Fusarium oxysporum</i> Species
<i>Fusarium oxysporum</i> f. sp. <i>phaseoli</i>, the causal agent of cowpea fusarium wilt, is a serious threat to cowpea production in China. In this study, a sample of cowpea fusarium wilt was identified as <i>Fusarium oxysporum</i> f. sp. <i>phaseoli</...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2023-01-01
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| Series: | International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/24/2/963 |
| Summary: | <i>Fusarium oxysporum</i> f. sp. <i>phaseoli</i>, the causal agent of cowpea fusarium wilt, is a serious threat to cowpea production in China. In this study, a sample of cowpea fusarium wilt was identified as <i>Fusarium oxysporum</i> f. sp. <i>phaseoli</i> using the methods of morphological characters and molecular detection. We further reported the first genome assembly for <i>Fusarium oxysporum</i> f. sp. <i>phaseoli</i>, with 53.7 Mb genome sequence comprising 14,694 genes. Comparative genomic analysis among five <i>Fusarium oxysporum</i> genomes showed that four accessory chromosomes in the five <i>Fusarium oxysporum</i> display similar characteristics, with low sequence similarity (55.35%, vs. overall average of 81.76%), low gene density (2.18 genes/10 kb vs. 3.02 genes/Mb) and highly transposable element density (TEs) (15.01/100 kb vs. 4.89/100 kb), indicating that variable accessory chromosomes are the main source of <i>Fusarium oxysporum</i> evolution. We identified a total of 100 <i>Fusarium oxysporum</i> f. sp. <i>phaseoli</i>-specific effectors in the genome and found 13 specific effector genes located in large insertion or deletion regions, suggesting that insertion or deletion events can cause the emergence of species-specific effectors in <i>Fusarium oxysporum</i>. Our genome assembly of <i>Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. phaseoli</i> provides a valuable resource for the study of cowpea fusarium wilt, and the comparative genomic study of <i>Fusarium oxysporum</i> could contribute to the knowledge of genome and effector-associated pathogenicity evolution in <i>Fusarium oxysporum</i> study. |
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| ISSN: | 1661-6596 1422-0067 |