The Genome of <i>Fusarium oxysporum</i> f. sp. <i>phaseoli</i> Provides Insight into the Evolution of Genomes and Effectors of <i>Fusarium oxysporum</i> Species
<i>Fusarium oxysporum</i> f. sp. <i>phaseoli</i>, the causal agent of cowpea fusarium wilt, is a serious threat to cowpea production in China. In this study, a sample of cowpea fusarium wilt was identified as <i>Fusarium oxysporum</i> f. sp. <i>phaseoli</...
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MDPI AG
2023-01-01
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| Series: | International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/24/2/963 |
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| author | Yali Hao Yan Li Xingxing Ping Qihong Yang Zhenchuan Mao Jianlong Zhao Xiaofei Lu Bingyan Xie Yuhong Yang Jian Ling |
| author_facet | Yali Hao Yan Li Xingxing Ping Qihong Yang Zhenchuan Mao Jianlong Zhao Xiaofei Lu Bingyan Xie Yuhong Yang Jian Ling |
| author_sort | Yali Hao |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | <i>Fusarium oxysporum</i> f. sp. <i>phaseoli</i>, the causal agent of cowpea fusarium wilt, is a serious threat to cowpea production in China. In this study, a sample of cowpea fusarium wilt was identified as <i>Fusarium oxysporum</i> f. sp. <i>phaseoli</i> using the methods of morphological characters and molecular detection. We further reported the first genome assembly for <i>Fusarium oxysporum</i> f. sp. <i>phaseoli</i>, with 53.7 Mb genome sequence comprising 14,694 genes. Comparative genomic analysis among five <i>Fusarium oxysporum</i> genomes showed that four accessory chromosomes in the five <i>Fusarium oxysporum</i> display similar characteristics, with low sequence similarity (55.35%, vs. overall average of 81.76%), low gene density (2.18 genes/10 kb vs. 3.02 genes/Mb) and highly transposable element density (TEs) (15.01/100 kb vs. 4.89/100 kb), indicating that variable accessory chromosomes are the main source of <i>Fusarium oxysporum</i> evolution. We identified a total of 100 <i>Fusarium oxysporum</i> f. sp. <i>phaseoli</i>-specific effectors in the genome and found 13 specific effector genes located in large insertion or deletion regions, suggesting that insertion or deletion events can cause the emergence of species-specific effectors in <i>Fusarium oxysporum</i>. Our genome assembly of <i>Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. phaseoli</i> provides a valuable resource for the study of cowpea fusarium wilt, and the comparative genomic study of <i>Fusarium oxysporum</i> could contribute to the knowledge of genome and effector-associated pathogenicity evolution in <i>Fusarium oxysporum</i> study. |
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| issn | 1661-6596 1422-0067 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T12:27:21Z |
| publishDate | 2023-01-01 |
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| spelling | doaj.art-022909ce011546baa6011affb0af015d2023-11-30T22:33:12ZengMDPI AGInternational Journal of Molecular Sciences1661-65961422-00672023-01-0124296310.3390/ijms24020963The Genome of <i>Fusarium oxysporum</i> f. sp. <i>phaseoli</i> Provides Insight into the Evolution of Genomes and Effectors of <i>Fusarium oxysporum</i> SpeciesYali Hao0Yan Li1Xingxing Ping2Qihong Yang3Zhenchuan Mao4Jianlong Zhao5Xiaofei Lu6Bingyan Xie7Yuhong Yang8Jian Ling9Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, ChinaInstitute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, ChinaInstitute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, ChinaInstitute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, ChinaInstitute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, ChinaInstitute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, ChinaInstitute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, ChinaInstitute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, ChinaInstitute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, ChinaInstitute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China<i>Fusarium oxysporum</i> f. sp. <i>phaseoli</i>, the causal agent of cowpea fusarium wilt, is a serious threat to cowpea production in China. In this study, a sample of cowpea fusarium wilt was identified as <i>Fusarium oxysporum</i> f. sp. <i>phaseoli</i> using the methods of morphological characters and molecular detection. We further reported the first genome assembly for <i>Fusarium oxysporum</i> f. sp. <i>phaseoli</i>, with 53.7 Mb genome sequence comprising 14,694 genes. Comparative genomic analysis among five <i>Fusarium oxysporum</i> genomes showed that four accessory chromosomes in the five <i>Fusarium oxysporum</i> display similar characteristics, with low sequence similarity (55.35%, vs. overall average of 81.76%), low gene density (2.18 genes/10 kb vs. 3.02 genes/Mb) and highly transposable element density (TEs) (15.01/100 kb vs. 4.89/100 kb), indicating that variable accessory chromosomes are the main source of <i>Fusarium oxysporum</i> evolution. We identified a total of 100 <i>Fusarium oxysporum</i> f. sp. <i>phaseoli</i>-specific effectors in the genome and found 13 specific effector genes located in large insertion or deletion regions, suggesting that insertion or deletion events can cause the emergence of species-specific effectors in <i>Fusarium oxysporum</i>. Our genome assembly of <i>Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. phaseoli</i> provides a valuable resource for the study of cowpea fusarium wilt, and the comparative genomic study of <i>Fusarium oxysporum</i> could contribute to the knowledge of genome and effector-associated pathogenicity evolution in <i>Fusarium oxysporum</i> study.https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/24/2/963cowpea fusarium wilt<i>Fusarium oxysporum</i> f. sp. <i>phaseoli</i>genomic comparisonseffector |
| spellingShingle | Yali Hao Yan Li Xingxing Ping Qihong Yang Zhenchuan Mao Jianlong Zhao Xiaofei Lu Bingyan Xie Yuhong Yang Jian Ling The Genome of <i>Fusarium oxysporum</i> f. sp. <i>phaseoli</i> Provides Insight into the Evolution of Genomes and Effectors of <i>Fusarium oxysporum</i> Species International Journal of Molecular Sciences cowpea fusarium wilt <i>Fusarium oxysporum</i> f. sp. <i>phaseoli</i> genomic comparisons effector |
| title | The Genome of <i>Fusarium oxysporum</i> f. sp. <i>phaseoli</i> Provides Insight into the Evolution of Genomes and Effectors of <i>Fusarium oxysporum</i> Species |
| title_full | The Genome of <i>Fusarium oxysporum</i> f. sp. <i>phaseoli</i> Provides Insight into the Evolution of Genomes and Effectors of <i>Fusarium oxysporum</i> Species |
| title_fullStr | The Genome of <i>Fusarium oxysporum</i> f. sp. <i>phaseoli</i> Provides Insight into the Evolution of Genomes and Effectors of <i>Fusarium oxysporum</i> Species |
| title_full_unstemmed | The Genome of <i>Fusarium oxysporum</i> f. sp. <i>phaseoli</i> Provides Insight into the Evolution of Genomes and Effectors of <i>Fusarium oxysporum</i> Species |
| title_short | The Genome of <i>Fusarium oxysporum</i> f. sp. <i>phaseoli</i> Provides Insight into the Evolution of Genomes and Effectors of <i>Fusarium oxysporum</i> Species |
| title_sort | genome of i fusarium oxysporum i f sp i phaseoli i provides insight into the evolution of genomes and effectors of i fusarium oxysporum i species |
| topic | cowpea fusarium wilt <i>Fusarium oxysporum</i> f. sp. <i>phaseoli</i> genomic comparisons effector |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/24/2/963 |
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