Targeting Copper in Cancer Imaging and Therapy: A New Theragnostic Agent
Copper is required for cancer cell proliferation and tumor angiogenesis. Copper-64 radionuclide (<sup>64</sup>Cu), a form of copper chloride (<sup>64</sup>CuCl<sub>2</sub>), is rapidly emerging as a diagnostic PET/CT tracer in oncology. It may also represent an in...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2022-12-01
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| Series: | Journal of Clinical Medicine |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0383/12/1/223 |
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| author | Gabriela Capriotti Arnoldo Piccardo Elena Giovannelli Alberto Signore |
| author_facet | Gabriela Capriotti Arnoldo Piccardo Elena Giovannelli Alberto Signore |
| author_sort | Gabriela Capriotti |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Copper is required for cancer cell proliferation and tumor angiogenesis. Copper-64 radionuclide (<sup>64</sup>Cu), a form of copper chloride (<sup>64</sup>CuCl<sub>2</sub>), is rapidly emerging as a diagnostic PET/CT tracer in oncology. It may also represent an interesting alternative to gallium-68 (<sup>68</sup>Ga) as a radionuclide precursor for labelling radiopharmaceuticals used to investigate neuroendocrine tumors and prostate cancer. This emerging interest is also related to the nuclear properties of <sup>64</sup>CuCl<sub>2</sub> that make it an ideal theragnostic nuclide. Indeed, <sup>64</sup>CuCl<sub>2</sub> emits β<sup>+</sup> and β<sup>-</sup> particles together with high-linear-energy-transfer Auger electrons, suggesting the therapeutic potential of <sup>64</sup>CuCl<sub>2</sub> for the radionuclide cancer therapy of copper-avid tumors. Recently, <sup>64</sup>CuCl<sub>2</sub> was successfully used to image prostate cancer, bladder cancer, glioblastoma multiforme (GBM), and non-small cell lung carcinoma in humans. Copper cancer uptake was related to the expression of human copper transport 1 (hCTR1) on the cancer cell surface. Biodistribution, toxicology and radiation safety studies showed its radiation and toxicology safety. Based on the findings from the preclinical research studies, <sup>64</sup>CuCl<sub>2</sub> PET/CT also holds potential for the diagnostic imaging of human hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), malignant melanoma, and the detection of the intracranial metastasis of copper-avid tumors based on the low physiological background of radioactive copper uptake in the brain. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T09:56:31Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-0239257a1bab4a6da0531715b5549b49 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2077-0383 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T09:56:31Z |
| publishDate | 2022-12-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Clinical Medicine |
| spelling | doaj.art-0239257a1bab4a6da0531715b5549b492023-11-16T15:43:08ZengMDPI AGJournal of Clinical Medicine2077-03832022-12-0112122310.3390/jcm12010223Targeting Copper in Cancer Imaging and Therapy: A New Theragnostic AgentGabriela Capriotti0Arnoldo Piccardo1Elena Giovannelli2Alberto Signore3Department of Medical-Surgical Sciences and of Translational Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Nuclear Medicine Unit Sant’Andrea University Hospital, 00189 Rome, ItalyS.C. Medicina Nucleare Ente Ospedaliero “Ospedali Galliera”, 16128 Genova, ItalyDepartment of Medical-Surgical Sciences and of Translational Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Nuclear Medicine Unit Sant’Andrea University Hospital, 00189 Rome, ItalyDepartment of Medical-Surgical Sciences and of Translational Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Nuclear Medicine Unit Sant’Andrea University Hospital, 00189 Rome, ItalyCopper is required for cancer cell proliferation and tumor angiogenesis. Copper-64 radionuclide (<sup>64</sup>Cu), a form of copper chloride (<sup>64</sup>CuCl<sub>2</sub>), is rapidly emerging as a diagnostic PET/CT tracer in oncology. It may also represent an interesting alternative to gallium-68 (<sup>68</sup>Ga) as a radionuclide precursor for labelling radiopharmaceuticals used to investigate neuroendocrine tumors and prostate cancer. This emerging interest is also related to the nuclear properties of <sup>64</sup>CuCl<sub>2</sub> that make it an ideal theragnostic nuclide. Indeed, <sup>64</sup>CuCl<sub>2</sub> emits β<sup>+</sup> and β<sup>-</sup> particles together with high-linear-energy-transfer Auger electrons, suggesting the therapeutic potential of <sup>64</sup>CuCl<sub>2</sub> for the radionuclide cancer therapy of copper-avid tumors. Recently, <sup>64</sup>CuCl<sub>2</sub> was successfully used to image prostate cancer, bladder cancer, glioblastoma multiforme (GBM), and non-small cell lung carcinoma in humans. Copper cancer uptake was related to the expression of human copper transport 1 (hCTR1) on the cancer cell surface. Biodistribution, toxicology and radiation safety studies showed its radiation and toxicology safety. Based on the findings from the preclinical research studies, <sup>64</sup>CuCl<sub>2</sub> PET/CT also holds potential for the diagnostic imaging of human hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), malignant melanoma, and the detection of the intracranial metastasis of copper-avid tumors based on the low physiological background of radioactive copper uptake in the brain.https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0383/12/1/223copper-64<sup>64</sup>CuCl<sub>2</sub>theragnosticpositron emission tomography |
| spellingShingle | Gabriela Capriotti Arnoldo Piccardo Elena Giovannelli Alberto Signore Targeting Copper in Cancer Imaging and Therapy: A New Theragnostic Agent Journal of Clinical Medicine copper-64 <sup>64</sup>CuCl<sub>2</sub> theragnostic positron emission tomography |
| title | Targeting Copper in Cancer Imaging and Therapy: A New Theragnostic Agent |
| title_full | Targeting Copper in Cancer Imaging and Therapy: A New Theragnostic Agent |
| title_fullStr | Targeting Copper in Cancer Imaging and Therapy: A New Theragnostic Agent |
| title_full_unstemmed | Targeting Copper in Cancer Imaging and Therapy: A New Theragnostic Agent |
| title_short | Targeting Copper in Cancer Imaging and Therapy: A New Theragnostic Agent |
| title_sort | targeting copper in cancer imaging and therapy a new theragnostic agent |
| topic | copper-64 <sup>64</sup>CuCl<sub>2</sub> theragnostic positron emission tomography |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0383/12/1/223 |
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