ELEVATED SELENIUM LEVELS IN VEGETABLES, FRUITS, AND WILD PLANTS AFF ECTED BY THE RAŠA COAL MINE WATER CHEMISTRY
Selenium (Se), an essential trace element that is toxic when humans and animals are exposed to it in excess, is ubiquitous in coal. For centuries, superhigh-organic-sulfur (SHOS) Raša coal, enriched in S, Se, U, V, and Mo, was mined and processed across the Mediterranean Raša Bay area, located in th...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Faculty of Mining, Geology and Petroleum Engineering
2021-01-01
|
| Series: | Rudarsko-geološko-naftni Zbornik |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://hrcak.srce.hr/file/364778 |
| _version_ | 1797717441878425600 |
|---|---|
| author | Gordana Medunić Nina Bilandžić Marija Sedak Željka Fiket Andreja Prevendar Crnić Vanja Geng |
| author_facet | Gordana Medunić Nina Bilandžić Marija Sedak Željka Fiket Andreja Prevendar Crnić Vanja Geng |
| author_sort | Gordana Medunić |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Selenium (Se), an essential trace element that is toxic when humans and animals are exposed to it in excess, is ubiquitous in coal. For centuries, superhigh-organic-sulfur (SHOS) Raša coal, enriched in S, Se, U, V, and Mo, was mined and processed across the Mediterranean Raša Bay area, located in the Istrian peninsula (in the northern Adriatic Sea, Croatia). There is concern that Raša coal mine water is contaminating local water, soil, and crops. The aim of this monitoring study was to determine the levels of Se and selected potentially toxic trace (As, Cd, Cu, Cr, Mo, Pb, U, V, and Zn), and minor (Fe and Mn) elements in Raša coal mine water, surface water, and associated vegetables, one fruit, and wild plants. Levels of Se in coal mine water were increased (up to 12 μg/L) compared to the maximum allowed water Se (10 μg/L). Compared to an EU average soil Se (1.15 mg/kg), Raša garden soil showed a 5-fold increase in Se. Compared to Croatian and Greek vegetable Se levels (low to normal), Raša vegetables showed a 20-fold, and a 50-fold increase in Se, respectively. Although approximative only, estimates of daily intake (EDI) of Se for mixed Raša vegetables (n = 21) showed a high level (0.055 mg/day). Namely, recommended dietary allowances (RDA) of Se for females and males are 0.055 mg/day, and 0.070 mg/ day, respectively. The EDI values of the analyzed vegetables contributed to average RDA levels as follows: garlic (183%), turnip (154%), parsley (147%), onion and gourd (76%), lettuce (74%), kale (62%), radicchio (51%), and potato (20%). Although the calculated EDI for the analyzed Raša vegetables was 1/8 the toxic dose (>0.4 mg/day), these results call for further research on the dietary and nutritional status of the residents in terms of Se. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-12T08:36:23Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-0239e8f6eadc4fb58d32f3acd8a92966 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1849-0409 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-12T08:36:23Z |
| publishDate | 2021-01-01 |
| publisher | Faculty of Mining, Geology and Petroleum Engineering |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Rudarsko-geološko-naftni Zbornik |
| spelling | doaj.art-0239e8f6eadc4fb58d32f3acd8a929662023-09-02T17:12:31ZengFaculty of Mining, Geology and Petroleum EngineeringRudarsko-geološko-naftni Zbornik1849-04092021-01-0136111310.17794/rgn.2021.1.176ELEVATED SELENIUM LEVELS IN VEGETABLES, FRUITS, AND WILD PLANTS AFF ECTED BY THE RAŠA COAL MINE WATER CHEMISTRYGordana Medunić0Nina Bilandžić1Marija Sedak2Željka Fiket3Andreja Prevendar Crnić4Vanja Geng5University of Zagreb, Faculty of Science, Department of Geology, Horvatovac 95, 10000 Zagreb, CroatiaCroatian Veterinary Institute, Savska cesta 143, 10000 Zagreb, CroatiaCroatian Veterinary Institute, Savska cesta 143, 10000 Zagreb, CroatiaRuđer Bošković Institute, Division for Marine and Environmental Research, Bijenička cesta 54, 10000 Zagreb, CroatiaUniversity of Zagreb, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Heinzelova ul. 55, 10000 Zagreb, CroatiaUniversity of Zagreb, Faculty of Science, Department of Geology, Horvatovac 95, 10000 Zagreb, CroatiaSelenium (Se), an essential trace element that is toxic when humans and animals are exposed to it in excess, is ubiquitous in coal. For centuries, superhigh-organic-sulfur (SHOS) Raša coal, enriched in S, Se, U, V, and Mo, was mined and processed across the Mediterranean Raša Bay area, located in the Istrian peninsula (in the northern Adriatic Sea, Croatia). There is concern that Raša coal mine water is contaminating local water, soil, and crops. The aim of this monitoring study was to determine the levels of Se and selected potentially toxic trace (As, Cd, Cu, Cr, Mo, Pb, U, V, and Zn), and minor (Fe and Mn) elements in Raša coal mine water, surface water, and associated vegetables, one fruit, and wild plants. Levels of Se in coal mine water were increased (up to 12 μg/L) compared to the maximum allowed water Se (10 μg/L). Compared to an EU average soil Se (1.15 mg/kg), Raša garden soil showed a 5-fold increase in Se. Compared to Croatian and Greek vegetable Se levels (low to normal), Raša vegetables showed a 20-fold, and a 50-fold increase in Se, respectively. Although approximative only, estimates of daily intake (EDI) of Se for mixed Raša vegetables (n = 21) showed a high level (0.055 mg/day). Namely, recommended dietary allowances (RDA) of Se for females and males are 0.055 mg/day, and 0.070 mg/ day, respectively. The EDI values of the analyzed vegetables contributed to average RDA levels as follows: garlic (183%), turnip (154%), parsley (147%), onion and gourd (76%), lettuce (74%), kale (62%), radicchio (51%), and potato (20%). Although the calculated EDI for the analyzed Raša vegetables was 1/8 the toxic dose (>0.4 mg/day), these results call for further research on the dietary and nutritional status of the residents in terms of Se.https://hrcak.srce.hr/file/364778raša coalwatervegetablesseleniumestimated daily intake |
| spellingShingle | Gordana Medunić Nina Bilandžić Marija Sedak Željka Fiket Andreja Prevendar Crnić Vanja Geng ELEVATED SELENIUM LEVELS IN VEGETABLES, FRUITS, AND WILD PLANTS AFF ECTED BY THE RAŠA COAL MINE WATER CHEMISTRY Rudarsko-geološko-naftni Zbornik raša coal water vegetables selenium estimated daily intake |
| title | ELEVATED SELENIUM LEVELS IN VEGETABLES, FRUITS, AND WILD PLANTS AFF ECTED BY THE RAŠA COAL MINE WATER CHEMISTRY |
| title_full | ELEVATED SELENIUM LEVELS IN VEGETABLES, FRUITS, AND WILD PLANTS AFF ECTED BY THE RAŠA COAL MINE WATER CHEMISTRY |
| title_fullStr | ELEVATED SELENIUM LEVELS IN VEGETABLES, FRUITS, AND WILD PLANTS AFF ECTED BY THE RAŠA COAL MINE WATER CHEMISTRY |
| title_full_unstemmed | ELEVATED SELENIUM LEVELS IN VEGETABLES, FRUITS, AND WILD PLANTS AFF ECTED BY THE RAŠA COAL MINE WATER CHEMISTRY |
| title_short | ELEVATED SELENIUM LEVELS IN VEGETABLES, FRUITS, AND WILD PLANTS AFF ECTED BY THE RAŠA COAL MINE WATER CHEMISTRY |
| title_sort | elevated selenium levels in vegetables fruits and wild plants aff ected by the rasa coal mine water chemistry |
| topic | raša coal water vegetables selenium estimated daily intake |
| url | https://hrcak.srce.hr/file/364778 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT gordanamedunic elevatedseleniumlevelsinvegetablesfruitsandwildplantsaffectedbytherasacoalminewaterchemistry AT ninabilandzic elevatedseleniumlevelsinvegetablesfruitsandwildplantsaffectedbytherasacoalminewaterchemistry AT marijasedak elevatedseleniumlevelsinvegetablesfruitsandwildplantsaffectedbytherasacoalminewaterchemistry AT zeljkafiket elevatedseleniumlevelsinvegetablesfruitsandwildplantsaffectedbytherasacoalminewaterchemistry AT andrejaprevendarcrnic elevatedseleniumlevelsinvegetablesfruitsandwildplantsaffectedbytherasacoalminewaterchemistry AT vanjageng elevatedseleniumlevelsinvegetablesfruitsandwildplantsaffectedbytherasacoalminewaterchemistry |