<i>Mannheimia haemolytica</i> Negatively Affects Bovine Herpesvirus Type 1.1 Replication Capacity In Vitro
Bovine Respiratory Disease (BRD) is a multifactorial condition affecting cattle worldwide resulting in high rates of morbidity and mortality. The disease can be triggered by Bovine Herpesvirus-1 (BoHV-1) infection, stress, and the subsequent proliferation and lung colonization by commensal bacteria...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2022-10-01
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| Series: | Microorganisms |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2607/10/11/2158 |
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| author | Caitlyn A. Cowick Brynnan P. Russ Anna R. Bales Bindu Nanduri Florencia Meyer |
| author_facet | Caitlyn A. Cowick Brynnan P. Russ Anna R. Bales Bindu Nanduri Florencia Meyer |
| author_sort | Caitlyn A. Cowick |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Bovine Respiratory Disease (BRD) is a multifactorial condition affecting cattle worldwide resulting in high rates of morbidity and mortality. The disease can be triggered by Bovine Herpesvirus-1 (BoHV-1) infection, stress, and the subsequent proliferation and lung colonization by commensal bacteria such as <i>Mannheimia haemolytica</i>, ultimately inducing severe pneumonic inflammation. Due to its polymicrobial nature, the study of BRD microbes requires co-infection models. While several past studies have mostly focused on the effects of co-infection on host gene expression, we focused on the relationship between BRD pathogens during co-infection, specifically on <i>M. haemolytica’s</i> effect on BoHV-1 replication. This study shows that <i>M. haemolytica</i> negatively impacts BoHV-1 replication in a dose-dependent manner in different in vitro models. The negative effect was observed at very low bacterial doses while increasing the viral dose counteracted this effect. Viral suppression was also dependent on the time at which each microbe was introduced to the cell culture. While acidification of the culture medium did not grossly affect cell viability, it significantly inhibited viral replication. We conclude that <i>M. haemolytica</i> and BoHV-1 interaction is dose and time-sensitive, wherein <i>M. haemolytica</i> proliferation induces significant viral suppression when the viral replication program is not fully established. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T18:49:32Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-024aabdf1b3d4751a2f96955dacaf682 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2076-2607 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T18:49:32Z |
| publishDate | 2022-10-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Microorganisms |
| spelling | doaj.art-024aabdf1b3d4751a2f96955dacaf6822023-11-24T05:56:42ZengMDPI AGMicroorganisms2076-26072022-10-011011215810.3390/microorganisms10112158<i>Mannheimia haemolytica</i> Negatively Affects Bovine Herpesvirus Type 1.1 Replication Capacity In VitroCaitlyn A. Cowick0Brynnan P. Russ1Anna R. Bales2Bindu Nanduri3Florencia Meyer4Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Entomology & Plant Pathology, Mississippi State University, 408 Dorman Hall, 32 Creelman St., Box 9655, Starkville, MS 39762, USADepartment of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Entomology & Plant Pathology, Mississippi State University, 408 Dorman Hall, 32 Creelman St., Box 9655, Starkville, MS 39762, USADepartment of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Entomology & Plant Pathology, Mississippi State University, 408 Dorman Hall, 32 Creelman St., Box 9655, Starkville, MS 39762, USADepartment of Comparative Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Mississippi State University, Starkville, MS 39762, USADepartment of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Entomology & Plant Pathology, Mississippi State University, 408 Dorman Hall, 32 Creelman St., Box 9655, Starkville, MS 39762, USABovine Respiratory Disease (BRD) is a multifactorial condition affecting cattle worldwide resulting in high rates of morbidity and mortality. The disease can be triggered by Bovine Herpesvirus-1 (BoHV-1) infection, stress, and the subsequent proliferation and lung colonization by commensal bacteria such as <i>Mannheimia haemolytica</i>, ultimately inducing severe pneumonic inflammation. Due to its polymicrobial nature, the study of BRD microbes requires co-infection models. While several past studies have mostly focused on the effects of co-infection on host gene expression, we focused on the relationship between BRD pathogens during co-infection, specifically on <i>M. haemolytica’s</i> effect on BoHV-1 replication. This study shows that <i>M. haemolytica</i> negatively impacts BoHV-1 replication in a dose-dependent manner in different in vitro models. The negative effect was observed at very low bacterial doses while increasing the viral dose counteracted this effect. Viral suppression was also dependent on the time at which each microbe was introduced to the cell culture. While acidification of the culture medium did not grossly affect cell viability, it significantly inhibited viral replication. We conclude that <i>M. haemolytica</i> and BoHV-1 interaction is dose and time-sensitive, wherein <i>M. haemolytica</i> proliferation induces significant viral suppression when the viral replication program is not fully established.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2607/10/11/2158bovine respiratory disease (BRD)co-infectionbovine herpesvirus<i>Mannheimia haemolytica</i><i>Pasteurella multocida</i> |
| spellingShingle | Caitlyn A. Cowick Brynnan P. Russ Anna R. Bales Bindu Nanduri Florencia Meyer <i>Mannheimia haemolytica</i> Negatively Affects Bovine Herpesvirus Type 1.1 Replication Capacity In Vitro Microorganisms bovine respiratory disease (BRD) co-infection bovine herpesvirus <i>Mannheimia haemolytica</i> <i>Pasteurella multocida</i> |
| title | <i>Mannheimia haemolytica</i> Negatively Affects Bovine Herpesvirus Type 1.1 Replication Capacity In Vitro |
| title_full | <i>Mannheimia haemolytica</i> Negatively Affects Bovine Herpesvirus Type 1.1 Replication Capacity In Vitro |
| title_fullStr | <i>Mannheimia haemolytica</i> Negatively Affects Bovine Herpesvirus Type 1.1 Replication Capacity In Vitro |
| title_full_unstemmed | <i>Mannheimia haemolytica</i> Negatively Affects Bovine Herpesvirus Type 1.1 Replication Capacity In Vitro |
| title_short | <i>Mannheimia haemolytica</i> Negatively Affects Bovine Herpesvirus Type 1.1 Replication Capacity In Vitro |
| title_sort | i mannheimia haemolytica i negatively affects bovine herpesvirus type 1 1 replication capacity in vitro |
| topic | bovine respiratory disease (BRD) co-infection bovine herpesvirus <i>Mannheimia haemolytica</i> <i>Pasteurella multocida</i> |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2607/10/11/2158 |
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