Toward Authentication of Videos: Integer Transform Based Motion Vector Watermarking
Nowadays, digital content like videos, audio and images are widely used as evidence in criminal courts and forensic laboratories. Due to the advanced low-cost and easily available multimedia/communication tools and softwares, manipulation of the content is a no-brain task. Thus, the protection of di...
| Main Authors: | , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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IEEE
2022-01-01
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| Series: | IEEE Access |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/9831442/ |
| _version_ | 1818469137210408960 |
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| author | Rafi Ullah Sultan Daud Khan Mohib Ullah Fadi Al-Machot Habib Ullah |
| author_facet | Rafi Ullah Sultan Daud Khan Mohib Ullah Fadi Al-Machot Habib Ullah |
| author_sort | Rafi Ullah |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Nowadays, digital content like videos, audio and images are widely used as evidence in criminal courts and forensic laboratories. Due to the advanced low-cost and easily available multimedia/communication tools and softwares, manipulation of the content is a no-brain task. Thus, the protection of digital content originality is a challenge for the content owners and researchers before it can be produced in court or used for some other purpose. We proposed a motion vector watermarking technique that validate and authenticate videos. We are embedding the correlated watermark in the integer wavelet transform domain. In our method, the selection of embedding areas is based on the variation of motion vectors. The video frames are fully protected in both spatial and transform domains since the watermark is correlated with the approximation subbands of wavelet transform before embedding. The proposed technique can concisely determine the attacked regions. The results validate the performance of the proposed approach in terms of quality metrics like peak signal-to-noise ratio (PSNR), structural similarity index (SSIM), normalized coefficients (NC) and bit error rate (BER). |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-13T21:20:06Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-025274c4cfe946adb1864cebe38308a0 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2169-3536 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-13T21:20:06Z |
| publishDate | 2022-01-01 |
| publisher | IEEE |
| record_format | Article |
| series | IEEE Access |
| spelling | doaj.art-025274c4cfe946adb1864cebe38308a02022-12-22T02:29:30ZengIEEEIEEE Access2169-35362022-01-0110750637507310.1109/ACCESS.2022.31916679831442Toward Authentication of Videos: Integer Transform Based Motion Vector WatermarkingRafi Ullah0https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3908-5043Sultan Daud Khan1Mohib Ullah2https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0222-6340Fadi Al-Machot3Habib Ullah4https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2434-0849Department of Computer Science, National University of Technology, Islamabad, PakistanDepartment of Computer Science, National University of Technology, Islamabad, PakistanDepartment of Computer Science (IDI), Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Gjøvik, NorwayFaculty of Science and Technology (REALTEK), Norwegian University of Life Sciences (NMBU), Ås, NorwayFaculty of Science and Technology (REALTEK), Norwegian University of Life Sciences (NMBU), Ås, NorwayNowadays, digital content like videos, audio and images are widely used as evidence in criminal courts and forensic laboratories. Due to the advanced low-cost and easily available multimedia/communication tools and softwares, manipulation of the content is a no-brain task. Thus, the protection of digital content originality is a challenge for the content owners and researchers before it can be produced in court or used for some other purpose. We proposed a motion vector watermarking technique that validate and authenticate videos. We are embedding the correlated watermark in the integer wavelet transform domain. In our method, the selection of embedding areas is based on the variation of motion vectors. The video frames are fully protected in both spatial and transform domains since the watermark is correlated with the approximation subbands of wavelet transform before embedding. The proposed technique can concisely determine the attacked regions. The results validate the performance of the proposed approach in terms of quality metrics like peak signal-to-noise ratio (PSNR), structural similarity index (SSIM), normalized coefficients (NC) and bit error rate (BER).https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/9831442/Watermarkingauthenticationmotion estimationinteger wavelet transformembeddingextraction |
| spellingShingle | Rafi Ullah Sultan Daud Khan Mohib Ullah Fadi Al-Machot Habib Ullah Toward Authentication of Videos: Integer Transform Based Motion Vector Watermarking IEEE Access Watermarking authentication motion estimation integer wavelet transform embedding extraction |
| title | Toward Authentication of Videos: Integer Transform Based Motion Vector Watermarking |
| title_full | Toward Authentication of Videos: Integer Transform Based Motion Vector Watermarking |
| title_fullStr | Toward Authentication of Videos: Integer Transform Based Motion Vector Watermarking |
| title_full_unstemmed | Toward Authentication of Videos: Integer Transform Based Motion Vector Watermarking |
| title_short | Toward Authentication of Videos: Integer Transform Based Motion Vector Watermarking |
| title_sort | toward authentication of videos integer transform based motion vector watermarking |
| topic | Watermarking authentication motion estimation integer wavelet transform embedding extraction |
| url | https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/9831442/ |
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