Chitin Synthase Genes Are Differentially Required for Growth, Stress Response, and Virulence in <i>Verticillium dahliae</i>
Crop wilt disease caused by <i>Verticillium dahliae</i> usually leads to serious yield loss. Chitin, an important component of most fungal cell walls, functions to maintain the rigidity of cell walls and septa. Chitin synthesis mainly relies on the activity of chitin synthase (CHS). Eigh...
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MDPI AG
2022-06-01
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| Series: | Journal of Fungi |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2309-608X/8/7/681 |
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| author | Jun Qin Peichen Zhao Ziqin Ye Lifan Sun Xiaoping Hu Jie Zhang |
| author_facet | Jun Qin Peichen Zhao Ziqin Ye Lifan Sun Xiaoping Hu Jie Zhang |
| author_sort | Jun Qin |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Crop wilt disease caused by <i>Verticillium dahliae</i> usually leads to serious yield loss. Chitin, an important component of most fungal cell walls, functions to maintain the rigidity of cell walls and septa. Chitin synthesis mainly relies on the activity of chitin synthase (CHS). Eight <i>CHS</i> genes have been predicted in <i>V. dahliae</i>. In this study, we characterized the functions of these genes in terms of growth, stress responses, penetration, and virulence. Results showed that <i>VdCHS5</i> is important for conidia germination and resistance to hyperosmotic stress. Conidial production is significantly decreased in <i>Vdchs1</i>, <i>Vdchs4</i>, and <i>Vdchs8</i> mutants. <i>VdCHS1</i>, <i>VdCHS2</i>, <i>VdCHS4</i>, <i>VdCHS6</i>, <i>VdCHS7</i>, and <i>VdCHS8</i> genes are important for cell wall integrity, while all mutants are important for cell membrane integrity. All of the <i>VdCHS</i> genes, except for <i>VdCHS3</i>, are required for the full pathogenicity of <i>V. dahliae</i> to <i>Arabidopsis thaliana</i> and cotton plants. The in vitro and in vivo penetration of <i>Vdchs1</i>, <i>Vdchs4</i>, <i>Vdchs6</i>, and <i>Vdchs7</i> mutants was impaired, while that of the other mutants was normal. Overall, our results indicate that the <i>VdCHS</i> genes exert diverse functions to regulate the growth and development, conidial germination, conidial production, stress response, penetration, and virulence in <i>V. dahliae</i>. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T03:17:32Z |
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| issn | 2309-608X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T03:17:32Z |
| publishDate | 2022-06-01 |
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| series | Journal of Fungi |
| spelling | doaj.art-02547b21161c48d8bff93c133bee69f22023-12-03T15:15:39ZengMDPI AGJournal of Fungi2309-608X2022-06-018768110.3390/jof8070681Chitin Synthase Genes Are Differentially Required for Growth, Stress Response, and Virulence in <i>Verticillium dahliae</i>Jun Qin0Peichen Zhao1Ziqin Ye2Lifan Sun3Xiaoping Hu4Jie Zhang5State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, ChinaCrop wilt disease caused by <i>Verticillium dahliae</i> usually leads to serious yield loss. Chitin, an important component of most fungal cell walls, functions to maintain the rigidity of cell walls and septa. Chitin synthesis mainly relies on the activity of chitin synthase (CHS). Eight <i>CHS</i> genes have been predicted in <i>V. dahliae</i>. In this study, we characterized the functions of these genes in terms of growth, stress responses, penetration, and virulence. Results showed that <i>VdCHS5</i> is important for conidia germination and resistance to hyperosmotic stress. Conidial production is significantly decreased in <i>Vdchs1</i>, <i>Vdchs4</i>, and <i>Vdchs8</i> mutants. <i>VdCHS1</i>, <i>VdCHS2</i>, <i>VdCHS4</i>, <i>VdCHS6</i>, <i>VdCHS7</i>, and <i>VdCHS8</i> genes are important for cell wall integrity, while all mutants are important for cell membrane integrity. All of the <i>VdCHS</i> genes, except for <i>VdCHS3</i>, are required for the full pathogenicity of <i>V. dahliae</i> to <i>Arabidopsis thaliana</i> and cotton plants. The in vitro and in vivo penetration of <i>Vdchs1</i>, <i>Vdchs4</i>, <i>Vdchs6</i>, and <i>Vdchs7</i> mutants was impaired, while that of the other mutants was normal. Overall, our results indicate that the <i>VdCHS</i> genes exert diverse functions to regulate the growth and development, conidial germination, conidial production, stress response, penetration, and virulence in <i>V. dahliae</i>.https://www.mdpi.com/2309-608X/8/7/681<i>Verticillium</i>chitin synthasevirulencestress |
| spellingShingle | Jun Qin Peichen Zhao Ziqin Ye Lifan Sun Xiaoping Hu Jie Zhang Chitin Synthase Genes Are Differentially Required for Growth, Stress Response, and Virulence in <i>Verticillium dahliae</i> Journal of Fungi <i>Verticillium</i> chitin synthase virulence stress |
| title | Chitin Synthase Genes Are Differentially Required for Growth, Stress Response, and Virulence in <i>Verticillium dahliae</i> |
| title_full | Chitin Synthase Genes Are Differentially Required for Growth, Stress Response, and Virulence in <i>Verticillium dahliae</i> |
| title_fullStr | Chitin Synthase Genes Are Differentially Required for Growth, Stress Response, and Virulence in <i>Verticillium dahliae</i> |
| title_full_unstemmed | Chitin Synthase Genes Are Differentially Required for Growth, Stress Response, and Virulence in <i>Verticillium dahliae</i> |
| title_short | Chitin Synthase Genes Are Differentially Required for Growth, Stress Response, and Virulence in <i>Verticillium dahliae</i> |
| title_sort | chitin synthase genes are differentially required for growth stress response and virulence in i verticillium dahliae i |
| topic | <i>Verticillium</i> chitin synthase virulence stress |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2309-608X/8/7/681 |
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