Optimization of Water Pressure of a Distribution Network within the Water–Energy Nexus
Pressure control in water distribution networks (WDNs) reduces leaks and bursting. Thus, it is regarded as a valuable solution to cut costs related to the operation and maintenance of WDNs and it is recommended for use in deteriorated water distribution pipes. However, growing consumer demand for sa...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2021-09-01
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| Series: | Applied Sciences |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/11/18/8371 |
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| author | Hossein Nasrollahi Reza Safaei Boroujeni Reza Shirmohammadi Shima Najafi Nobar Alireza Aslani Majid Amidpour Fontina Petrakopoulou |
| author_facet | Hossein Nasrollahi Reza Safaei Boroujeni Reza Shirmohammadi Shima Najafi Nobar Alireza Aslani Majid Amidpour Fontina Petrakopoulou |
| author_sort | Hossein Nasrollahi |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Pressure control in water distribution networks (WDNs) reduces leaks and bursting. Thus, it is regarded as a valuable solution to cut costs related to the operation and maintenance of WDNs and it is recommended for use in deteriorated water distribution pipes. However, growing consumer demand for satisfactory performance from faucets, combined with reduced water pressure from water supply companies, has resulted in an increased need for domestic water pressure booster systems (WPBSs) and has led to an increase in the energy demand. This misalignment of interests between water companies and energy consumers highlights the water–energy nexus perspective. This research aims to find a solution for optimizing the pressure of any WDN through the application of WPBSs to simultaneously minimize the cost associated with water leaks, repairs of burst pipes, and energy consumption. This methodology is applied to Baharestan city, where an optimum pressure of 47.6 mH<sub>2</sub>O is calculated. According to the sensitivity analysis of the inputs, the optimized pressure and cost are most sensitive to water loss and leakage exponent, respectively. Moreover, the hourly optimization of water pressure based on changes in demand and energy prices throughout the day is estimated to cut costs by 41%. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T07:55:44Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-025ba62b51b84cb798392bae79f5fc48 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2076-3417 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T07:55:44Z |
| publishDate | 2021-09-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Applied Sciences |
| spelling | doaj.art-025ba62b51b84cb798392bae79f5fc482023-11-22T11:51:39ZengMDPI AGApplied Sciences2076-34172021-09-011118837110.3390/app11188371Optimization of Water Pressure of a Distribution Network within the Water–Energy NexusHossein Nasrollahi0Reza Safaei Boroujeni1Reza Shirmohammadi2Shima Najafi Nobar3Alireza Aslani4Majid Amidpour5Fontina Petrakopoulou6Department of Energy System Engineering, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, K. N. Toosi University of Technology, Tehran 158754416, IranSchool of Civil Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Tehran, Tehran 1417466191, IranDepartment of Renewable Energy and Environment, Faculty of New Sciences & Technologies, University of Tehran, Tehran 1417466191, IranDepartment of Energy System Engineering, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, K. N. Toosi University of Technology, Tehran 158754416, IranDepartment of Renewable Energy and Environment, Faculty of New Sciences & Technologies, University of Tehran, Tehran 1417466191, IranDepartment of Energy System Engineering, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, K. N. Toosi University of Technology, Tehran 158754416, IranDepartment of Thermal and Fluid Engineering, University Carlos III of Madrid, 28903 Madrid, SpainPressure control in water distribution networks (WDNs) reduces leaks and bursting. Thus, it is regarded as a valuable solution to cut costs related to the operation and maintenance of WDNs and it is recommended for use in deteriorated water distribution pipes. However, growing consumer demand for satisfactory performance from faucets, combined with reduced water pressure from water supply companies, has resulted in an increased need for domestic water pressure booster systems (WPBSs) and has led to an increase in the energy demand. This misalignment of interests between water companies and energy consumers highlights the water–energy nexus perspective. This research aims to find a solution for optimizing the pressure of any WDN through the application of WPBSs to simultaneously minimize the cost associated with water leaks, repairs of burst pipes, and energy consumption. This methodology is applied to Baharestan city, where an optimum pressure of 47.6 mH<sub>2</sub>O is calculated. According to the sensitivity analysis of the inputs, the optimized pressure and cost are most sensitive to water loss and leakage exponent, respectively. Moreover, the hourly optimization of water pressure based on changes in demand and energy prices throughout the day is estimated to cut costs by 41%.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/11/18/8371water–energy nexusbooster pumpwater distribution networkpressuresensitivity analysis |
| spellingShingle | Hossein Nasrollahi Reza Safaei Boroujeni Reza Shirmohammadi Shima Najafi Nobar Alireza Aslani Majid Amidpour Fontina Petrakopoulou Optimization of Water Pressure of a Distribution Network within the Water–Energy Nexus Applied Sciences water–energy nexus booster pump water distribution network pressure sensitivity analysis |
| title | Optimization of Water Pressure of a Distribution Network within the Water–Energy Nexus |
| title_full | Optimization of Water Pressure of a Distribution Network within the Water–Energy Nexus |
| title_fullStr | Optimization of Water Pressure of a Distribution Network within the Water–Energy Nexus |
| title_full_unstemmed | Optimization of Water Pressure of a Distribution Network within the Water–Energy Nexus |
| title_short | Optimization of Water Pressure of a Distribution Network within the Water–Energy Nexus |
| title_sort | optimization of water pressure of a distribution network within the water energy nexus |
| topic | water–energy nexus booster pump water distribution network pressure sensitivity analysis |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/11/18/8371 |
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