Psychological Wellbeing of Diabetic Individuals, Prediabetics, and Non-diabetics: A Population-Based Study in Saudi Arabia
BackgroundThe increased burden of diabetes affects the quality of life, including psychosocial problems. The study aims to compare the psychological well-being of individuals who are prediabetic, diabetic, or non-diabetic.MethodsA cross-sectional exploratory study was conducted from January to June...
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| Format: | Article |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2022-06-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Psychology |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpsyg.2022.863861/full |
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| author | Khaled K. Aldossari Mamdouh M. Shubair Sameer H. Al-Ghamdi Abdulrahman A. Alduraywish Alhanouf Abdullah Almeshari Abdullah A. Alrasheed Abdullah A. Alrasheed Raed Aldahash Khadijah Angawi Anood Gaissi Hana Abdullah Alhumud Ashraf El-Metwally |
| author_facet | Khaled K. Aldossari Mamdouh M. Shubair Sameer H. Al-Ghamdi Abdulrahman A. Alduraywish Alhanouf Abdullah Almeshari Abdullah A. Alrasheed Abdullah A. Alrasheed Raed Aldahash Khadijah Angawi Anood Gaissi Hana Abdullah Alhumud Ashraf El-Metwally |
| author_sort | Khaled K. Aldossari |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | BackgroundThe increased burden of diabetes affects the quality of life, including psychosocial problems. The study aims to compare the psychological well-being of individuals who are prediabetic, diabetic, or non-diabetic.MethodsA cross-sectional exploratory study was conducted from January to June 2016 (n = 1,019) in Al Kharj, Saudi Arabia. After consent and questionnaires were filled out, trained staff took blood samples followed by anthropometry. Chi-squared tests, one-way ANOVA, and multiple linear regression analyses were conducted to examine the association between diabetes classes defined by HbA1c cut-off levels set by the American Diabetes Association (three categories), individual items, and total score in general health questionnaire (GHQ). An ROC curve was plotted for the total GHQ-12 score against HbA1c.FindingsThe mean GHQ score for psychological distress was significantly higher (F = 6.569, P = 0.038) in the diabetics (mean = 14.7) and the prediabetics (12.4) than in the non-diabetics (10.71). Four out of six positive GHQ items and three out of six negative GHQ items significantly differed among the three classes of diabetes. The adjusted multivariate analysis revealed that people with diabetes were most likely to report psychological distress compared to non-diabetics (unstandardized beta = 2.414; P = 0.037). The AUC examining the relationship between HBA1c and GHQ scores showed a moderate but statistically insignificant sensitivity/specificity of 0.643 (P = 0.23).ConclusionThis study demonstrates that psychological wellbeing is substantially poorer among diabetic or prediabetic individuals than non-diabetic individuals. Future longitudinal studies are required to examine a plausible causal relationship between diabetes/prediabetes and psychological distress. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-12T16:18:46Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-025df393090f46f9aed376497747adea |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1664-1078 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-12T16:18:46Z |
| publishDate | 2022-06-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
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| series | Frontiers in Psychology |
| spelling | doaj.art-025df393090f46f9aed376497747adea2022-12-22T03:25:38ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Psychology1664-10782022-06-011310.3389/fpsyg.2022.863861863861Psychological Wellbeing of Diabetic Individuals, Prediabetics, and Non-diabetics: A Population-Based Study in Saudi ArabiaKhaled K. Aldossari0Mamdouh M. Shubair1Sameer H. Al-Ghamdi2Abdulrahman A. Alduraywish3Alhanouf Abdullah Almeshari4Abdullah A. Alrasheed5Abdullah A. Alrasheed6Raed Aldahash7Khadijah Angawi8Anood Gaissi9Hana Abdullah Alhumud10Ashraf El-Metwally11Family and Community Medicine Department, College of Medicine, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj, Saudi ArabiaSchool of Health Sciences, University of Northern British Columbia, Prince George, BC, CanadaFamily and Community Medicine Department, College of Medicine, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj, Saudi ArabiaInternal Medicine Department, Jouf University, Sakaka, Saudi ArabiaHealth Cluster, Ministry of Health, Riyadh, Saudi ArabiaFamily and Community Medicine Department, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi ArabiaKing Saud University Medical City, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi ArabiaDepartment of Medicine, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, King Saud bin Abdulaziz for Health Science, Riyadh, Saudi ArabiaDepartment of Health Services and Hospital Administration, Faculty of Economics and Administration, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi ArabiaDepartment of Health Services and Hospital Administration, Faculty of Economics and Administration, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi ArabiaResearch and Education Department, Saudi National Institute for Health Research, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia0College of Public Health and Health Informatics, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi ArabiaBackgroundThe increased burden of diabetes affects the quality of life, including psychosocial problems. The study aims to compare the psychological well-being of individuals who are prediabetic, diabetic, or non-diabetic.MethodsA cross-sectional exploratory study was conducted from January to June 2016 (n = 1,019) in Al Kharj, Saudi Arabia. After consent and questionnaires were filled out, trained staff took blood samples followed by anthropometry. Chi-squared tests, one-way ANOVA, and multiple linear regression analyses were conducted to examine the association between diabetes classes defined by HbA1c cut-off levels set by the American Diabetes Association (three categories), individual items, and total score in general health questionnaire (GHQ). An ROC curve was plotted for the total GHQ-12 score against HbA1c.FindingsThe mean GHQ score for psychological distress was significantly higher (F = 6.569, P = 0.038) in the diabetics (mean = 14.7) and the prediabetics (12.4) than in the non-diabetics (10.71). Four out of six positive GHQ items and three out of six negative GHQ items significantly differed among the three classes of diabetes. The adjusted multivariate analysis revealed that people with diabetes were most likely to report psychological distress compared to non-diabetics (unstandardized beta = 2.414; P = 0.037). The AUC examining the relationship between HBA1c and GHQ scores showed a moderate but statistically insignificant sensitivity/specificity of 0.643 (P = 0.23).ConclusionThis study demonstrates that psychological wellbeing is substantially poorer among diabetic or prediabetic individuals than non-diabetic individuals. Future longitudinal studies are required to examine a plausible causal relationship between diabetes/prediabetes and psychological distress.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpsyg.2022.863861/fulldiabetes mellitusprediabeticspsychological wellbeingGHQSaudi Arabia |
| spellingShingle | Khaled K. Aldossari Mamdouh M. Shubair Sameer H. Al-Ghamdi Abdulrahman A. Alduraywish Alhanouf Abdullah Almeshari Abdullah A. Alrasheed Abdullah A. Alrasheed Raed Aldahash Khadijah Angawi Anood Gaissi Hana Abdullah Alhumud Ashraf El-Metwally Psychological Wellbeing of Diabetic Individuals, Prediabetics, and Non-diabetics: A Population-Based Study in Saudi Arabia Frontiers in Psychology diabetes mellitus prediabetics psychological wellbeing GHQ Saudi Arabia |
| title | Psychological Wellbeing of Diabetic Individuals, Prediabetics, and Non-diabetics: A Population-Based Study in Saudi Arabia |
| title_full | Psychological Wellbeing of Diabetic Individuals, Prediabetics, and Non-diabetics: A Population-Based Study in Saudi Arabia |
| title_fullStr | Psychological Wellbeing of Diabetic Individuals, Prediabetics, and Non-diabetics: A Population-Based Study in Saudi Arabia |
| title_full_unstemmed | Psychological Wellbeing of Diabetic Individuals, Prediabetics, and Non-diabetics: A Population-Based Study in Saudi Arabia |
| title_short | Psychological Wellbeing of Diabetic Individuals, Prediabetics, and Non-diabetics: A Population-Based Study in Saudi Arabia |
| title_sort | psychological wellbeing of diabetic individuals prediabetics and non diabetics a population based study in saudi arabia |
| topic | diabetes mellitus prediabetics psychological wellbeing GHQ Saudi Arabia |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpsyg.2022.863861/full |
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