Chlamydial Infection From Outside to Inside
Chlamydia are obligate intracellular bacteria, characterized by a unique biphasic developmental cycle. Specific interactions with the host cell are crucial for the bacteria’s survival and amplification because of the reduced chlamydial genome. At the start of infection, pathogen-host interactions ar...
| Main Authors: | , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2019-10-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Microbiology |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fmicb.2019.02329/full |
| _version_ | 1818324235471290368 |
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| author | Arlieke Gitsels Niek Sanders Daisy Vanrompay |
| author_facet | Arlieke Gitsels Niek Sanders Daisy Vanrompay |
| author_sort | Arlieke Gitsels |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Chlamydia are obligate intracellular bacteria, characterized by a unique biphasic developmental cycle. Specific interactions with the host cell are crucial for the bacteria’s survival and amplification because of the reduced chlamydial genome. At the start of infection, pathogen-host interactions are set in place in order for Chlamydia to enter the host cell and reach the nutrient-rich peri-Golgi region. Once intracellular localization is established, interactions with organelles and pathways of the host cell enable the necessary hijacking of host-derived nutrients. Detailed information on the aforementioned processes will increase our understanding on the intracellular pathogenesis of chlamydiae and hence might lead to new strategies to battle chlamydial infection. This review summarizes how chlamydiae generate their intracellular niche in the host cell, acquire host-derived nutrients in order to enable their growth and finally exit the host cell in order to infect new cells. Moreover, the evolution in the development of molecular genetic tools, necessary for studying the chlamydial infection biology in more depth, is discussed in great detail. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-13T11:25:22Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-02623766549048b7ae49aa76227c67d5 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1664-302X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-13T11:25:22Z |
| publishDate | 2019-10-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Microbiology |
| spelling | doaj.art-02623766549048b7ae49aa76227c67d52022-12-21T23:48:15ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Microbiology1664-302X2019-10-011010.3389/fmicb.2019.02329456775Chlamydial Infection From Outside to InsideArlieke Gitsels0Niek Sanders1Daisy Vanrompay2Laboratory for Immunology and Animal Biotechnology, Department of Animal Sciences and Aquatic Ecology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Ghent, BelgiumLaboratory of Gene Therapy, Department of Nutrition, Genetics and Ethology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Merelbeke, BelgiumLaboratory for Immunology and Animal Biotechnology, Department of Animal Sciences and Aquatic Ecology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Ghent, BelgiumChlamydia are obligate intracellular bacteria, characterized by a unique biphasic developmental cycle. Specific interactions with the host cell are crucial for the bacteria’s survival and amplification because of the reduced chlamydial genome. At the start of infection, pathogen-host interactions are set in place in order for Chlamydia to enter the host cell and reach the nutrient-rich peri-Golgi region. Once intracellular localization is established, interactions with organelles and pathways of the host cell enable the necessary hijacking of host-derived nutrients. Detailed information on the aforementioned processes will increase our understanding on the intracellular pathogenesis of chlamydiae and hence might lead to new strategies to battle chlamydial infection. This review summarizes how chlamydiae generate their intracellular niche in the host cell, acquire host-derived nutrients in order to enable their growth and finally exit the host cell in order to infect new cells. Moreover, the evolution in the development of molecular genetic tools, necessary for studying the chlamydial infection biology in more depth, is discussed in great detail.https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fmicb.2019.02329/fullChlamydiainternalizationpathogen–host cell interactionsinclusion membrane proteinsvesicular pathwaysnon-vesicular pathways |
| spellingShingle | Arlieke Gitsels Niek Sanders Daisy Vanrompay Chlamydial Infection From Outside to Inside Frontiers in Microbiology Chlamydia internalization pathogen–host cell interactions inclusion membrane proteins vesicular pathways non-vesicular pathways |
| title | Chlamydial Infection From Outside to Inside |
| title_full | Chlamydial Infection From Outside to Inside |
| title_fullStr | Chlamydial Infection From Outside to Inside |
| title_full_unstemmed | Chlamydial Infection From Outside to Inside |
| title_short | Chlamydial Infection From Outside to Inside |
| title_sort | chlamydial infection from outside to inside |
| topic | Chlamydia internalization pathogen–host cell interactions inclusion membrane proteins vesicular pathways non-vesicular pathways |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fmicb.2019.02329/full |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT arliekegitsels chlamydialinfectionfromoutsidetoinside AT nieksanders chlamydialinfectionfromoutsidetoinside AT daisyvanrompay chlamydialinfectionfromoutsidetoinside |