wideband high-gain low-profile series-fed antenna integrated with optimized metamaterials for 5G millimeter wave applications
Abstract This paper presents a series-fed four-dipole antenna with a broad bandwidth, high gain, and compact size for 5G millimeter wave (mm-wave) applications. The single dipole antenna provides a maximum gain of 6.2 dBi within its operational bandwidth, which ranges from 25.2 to 32.8 GHz. The prop...
| Main Authors: | , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Nature Portfolio
2024-01-01
|
| Series: | Scientific Reports |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-023-50769-y |
| _version_ | 1827388449352581120 |
|---|---|
| author | Bashar A. F. Esmail Slawomir Koziel Anna Pietrenko-Dabrowska Dustin Isleifson |
| author_facet | Bashar A. F. Esmail Slawomir Koziel Anna Pietrenko-Dabrowska Dustin Isleifson |
| author_sort | Bashar A. F. Esmail |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract This paper presents a series-fed four-dipole antenna with a broad bandwidth, high gain, and compact size for 5G millimeter wave (mm-wave) applications. The single dipole antenna provides a maximum gain of 6.2 dBi within its operational bandwidth, which ranges from 25.2 to 32.8 GHz. The proposed approach to enhance both gain and bandwidth involves a series-fed antenna design. It comprises four dipoles with varying lengths, and a truncated ground plane. These dipoles are connected in series on both sides, running in parallel through a microstrip line. The proposed design significantly enhances the bandwidth, which extends from 26.5 to 40 GHz. This frequency range effectively covers the 5G bands of 28 and 38 GHz. The expedited trust-region (TR) gradient-based search algorithm is utilized to optimize the dimensions of the antenna components, resulting in a maximum gain of 11.2 dBi at 38 GHz. To further enhance the gain, modified H-shaped metamaterial (MTM)-based unit cells are integrated into the antenna substrate. The TR algorithm is employed once more to optimize the MTM dimensions, yielding a maximum gain of 15.1 dBi at 38 GHz. The developed system is experimentally validated, showing excellent agreement between the simulated and measured data. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-08T16:18:58Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-0262bebe51f9482e99a324e47dd0d27e |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2045-2322 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-08T16:18:58Z |
| publishDate | 2024-01-01 |
| publisher | Nature Portfolio |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Scientific Reports |
| spelling | doaj.art-0262bebe51f9482e99a324e47dd0d27e2024-01-07T12:25:59ZengNature PortfolioScientific Reports2045-23222024-01-0114111210.1038/s41598-023-50769-ywideband high-gain low-profile series-fed antenna integrated with optimized metamaterials for 5G millimeter wave applicationsBashar A. F. Esmail0Slawomir Koziel1Anna Pietrenko-Dabrowska2Dustin Isleifson3Department of Engineering, Reykjavik UniversityDepartment of Engineering, Reykjavik UniversityFaculty of Electronics, Telecommunications and Informatics, Gdansk University of TechnologyDepartment of Electrical & Computer Engineering, University of ManitobaAbstract This paper presents a series-fed four-dipole antenna with a broad bandwidth, high gain, and compact size for 5G millimeter wave (mm-wave) applications. The single dipole antenna provides a maximum gain of 6.2 dBi within its operational bandwidth, which ranges from 25.2 to 32.8 GHz. The proposed approach to enhance both gain and bandwidth involves a series-fed antenna design. It comprises four dipoles with varying lengths, and a truncated ground plane. These dipoles are connected in series on both sides, running in parallel through a microstrip line. The proposed design significantly enhances the bandwidth, which extends from 26.5 to 40 GHz. This frequency range effectively covers the 5G bands of 28 and 38 GHz. The expedited trust-region (TR) gradient-based search algorithm is utilized to optimize the dimensions of the antenna components, resulting in a maximum gain of 11.2 dBi at 38 GHz. To further enhance the gain, modified H-shaped metamaterial (MTM)-based unit cells are integrated into the antenna substrate. The TR algorithm is employed once more to optimize the MTM dimensions, yielding a maximum gain of 15.1 dBi at 38 GHz. The developed system is experimentally validated, showing excellent agreement between the simulated and measured data.https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-023-50769-y |
| spellingShingle | Bashar A. F. Esmail Slawomir Koziel Anna Pietrenko-Dabrowska Dustin Isleifson wideband high-gain low-profile series-fed antenna integrated with optimized metamaterials for 5G millimeter wave applications Scientific Reports |
| title | wideband high-gain low-profile series-fed antenna integrated with optimized metamaterials for 5G millimeter wave applications |
| title_full | wideband high-gain low-profile series-fed antenna integrated with optimized metamaterials for 5G millimeter wave applications |
| title_fullStr | wideband high-gain low-profile series-fed antenna integrated with optimized metamaterials for 5G millimeter wave applications |
| title_full_unstemmed | wideband high-gain low-profile series-fed antenna integrated with optimized metamaterials for 5G millimeter wave applications |
| title_short | wideband high-gain low-profile series-fed antenna integrated with optimized metamaterials for 5G millimeter wave applications |
| title_sort | wideband high gain low profile series fed antenna integrated with optimized metamaterials for 5g millimeter wave applications |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-023-50769-y |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT basharafesmail widebandhighgainlowprofileseriesfedantennaintegratedwithoptimizedmetamaterialsfor5gmillimeterwaveapplications AT slawomirkoziel widebandhighgainlowprofileseriesfedantennaintegratedwithoptimizedmetamaterialsfor5gmillimeterwaveapplications AT annapietrenkodabrowska widebandhighgainlowprofileseriesfedantennaintegratedwithoptimizedmetamaterialsfor5gmillimeterwaveapplications AT dustinisleifson widebandhighgainlowprofileseriesfedantennaintegratedwithoptimizedmetamaterialsfor5gmillimeterwaveapplications |