Transcriptome analysis of amoeboid and ramified microglia isolated from the corpus callosum of rat brain
<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Microglia, the resident immune cells of the central nervous system (CNS), have two distinct phenotypes in the developing brain: amoeboid form, known to be amoeboid microglial cells (AMC) and ramified form, known to be ramified microg...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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BMC
2012-06-01
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| Series: | BMC Neuroscience |
| Online Access: | http://www.biomedcentral.com/1471-2202/13/64 |
| _version_ | 1811251199400214528 |
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| author | Parakalan Rangarajan Jiang Boran Nimmi Baby Janani Manivannan Jayapal Manikandan Lu Jia Tay Samuel SW Ling Eng-Ang Dheen S |
| author_facet | Parakalan Rangarajan Jiang Boran Nimmi Baby Janani Manivannan Jayapal Manikandan Lu Jia Tay Samuel SW Ling Eng-Ang Dheen S |
| author_sort | Parakalan Rangarajan |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | <p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Microglia, the resident immune cells of the central nervous system (CNS), have two distinct phenotypes in the developing brain: amoeboid form, known to be amoeboid microglial cells (AMC) and ramified form, known to be ramified microglial cells (RMC). The AMC are characterized by being proliferative, phagocytic and migratory whereas the RMC are quiescent and exhibit a slow turnover rate. The AMC transform into RMC with advancing age, and this transformation is indicative of the gradual shift in the microglial functions. Both AMC and RMC respond to CNS inflammation, and they become hypertrophic when activated by trauma, infection or neurodegenerative stimuli. The molecular mechanisms and functional significance of morphological transformation of microglia during normal development and in disease conditions is not clear. It is hypothesized that AMC and RMC are functionally regulated by a specific set of genes encoding various signaling molecules and transcription factors.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>To address this, we carried out cDNA microarray analysis using lectin-labeled AMC and RMC isolated from frozen tissue sections of the corpus callosum of 5-day and 4-week old rat brain respectively, by laser capture microdissection. The global gene expression profiles of both microglial phenotypes were compared and the differentially expressed genes in AMC and RMC were clustered based on their functional annotations. This genome wide comparative analysis identified genes that are specific to AMC and RMC.</p> <p>Conclusions</p> <p>The novel and specific molecules identified from the trancriptome explains the quiescent state functioning of microglia in its two distinct morphological states.</p> |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-12T16:16:03Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-027516a2f7ae4484b88b4954fee13a20 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1471-2202 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-12T16:16:03Z |
| publishDate | 2012-06-01 |
| publisher | BMC |
| record_format | Article |
| series | BMC Neuroscience |
| spelling | doaj.art-027516a2f7ae4484b88b4954fee13a202022-12-22T03:25:43ZengBMCBMC Neuroscience1471-22022012-06-011316410.1186/1471-2202-13-64Transcriptome analysis of amoeboid and ramified microglia isolated from the corpus callosum of rat brainParakalan RangarajanJiang BoranNimmi BabyJanani ManivannanJayapal ManikandanLu JiaTay Samuel SWLing Eng-AngDheen S<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Microglia, the resident immune cells of the central nervous system (CNS), have two distinct phenotypes in the developing brain: amoeboid form, known to be amoeboid microglial cells (AMC) and ramified form, known to be ramified microglial cells (RMC). The AMC are characterized by being proliferative, phagocytic and migratory whereas the RMC are quiescent and exhibit a slow turnover rate. The AMC transform into RMC with advancing age, and this transformation is indicative of the gradual shift in the microglial functions. Both AMC and RMC respond to CNS inflammation, and they become hypertrophic when activated by trauma, infection or neurodegenerative stimuli. The molecular mechanisms and functional significance of morphological transformation of microglia during normal development and in disease conditions is not clear. It is hypothesized that AMC and RMC are functionally regulated by a specific set of genes encoding various signaling molecules and transcription factors.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>To address this, we carried out cDNA microarray analysis using lectin-labeled AMC and RMC isolated from frozen tissue sections of the corpus callosum of 5-day and 4-week old rat brain respectively, by laser capture microdissection. The global gene expression profiles of both microglial phenotypes were compared and the differentially expressed genes in AMC and RMC were clustered based on their functional annotations. This genome wide comparative analysis identified genes that are specific to AMC and RMC.</p> <p>Conclusions</p> <p>The novel and specific molecules identified from the trancriptome explains the quiescent state functioning of microglia in its two distinct morphological states.</p>http://www.biomedcentral.com/1471-2202/13/64 |
| spellingShingle | Parakalan Rangarajan Jiang Boran Nimmi Baby Janani Manivannan Jayapal Manikandan Lu Jia Tay Samuel SW Ling Eng-Ang Dheen S Transcriptome analysis of amoeboid and ramified microglia isolated from the corpus callosum of rat brain BMC Neuroscience |
| title | Transcriptome analysis of amoeboid and ramified microglia isolated from the corpus callosum of rat brain |
| title_full | Transcriptome analysis of amoeboid and ramified microglia isolated from the corpus callosum of rat brain |
| title_fullStr | Transcriptome analysis of amoeboid and ramified microglia isolated from the corpus callosum of rat brain |
| title_full_unstemmed | Transcriptome analysis of amoeboid and ramified microglia isolated from the corpus callosum of rat brain |
| title_short | Transcriptome analysis of amoeboid and ramified microglia isolated from the corpus callosum of rat brain |
| title_sort | transcriptome analysis of amoeboid and ramified microglia isolated from the corpus callosum of rat brain |
| url | http://www.biomedcentral.com/1471-2202/13/64 |
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