PPARα gene variants as predicted performance-enhancing polymorphisms in professional Italian soccer players
Patrizia Proia,1 Antonino Bianco,1 Gabriella Schiera,2 Patrizia Saladino,2 Valentina Contrò,1 Giovanni Caramazza,3 Marcello Traina,1 Keith A Grimaldi,4 Antonio Palma,1 Antonio Paoli5 1Sport and Exercise Sciences Research Unit, 2Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Science...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Dove Medical Press
2014-12-01
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| Series: | Open Access Journal of Sports Medicine |
| Online Access: | http://www.dovepress.com/pparalpha-gene-variants-as-predicted-performance-enhancing-polymorphis-peer-reviewed-article-OAJSM |
| _version_ | 1818346034983600128 |
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| author | Proia P Bianco A Schiera G Saladino P Contrò V Caramazza G Traina M Grimaldi KA Palma A Paoli A |
| author_facet | Proia P Bianco A Schiera G Saladino P Contrò V Caramazza G Traina M Grimaldi KA Palma A Paoli A |
| author_sort | Proia P |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Patrizia Proia,1 Antonino Bianco,1 Gabriella Schiera,2 Patrizia Saladino,2 Valentina Contrò,1 Giovanni Caramazza,3 Marcello Traina,1 Keith A Grimaldi,4 Antonio Palma,1 Antonio Paoli5 1Sport and Exercise Sciences Research Unit, 2Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy; 3Regional Sports School of CONI Sicilia, Sicily, Italy; 4Biomedical Engineering Laboratory, Institute of Communication and Computer Systems, National Technical University of Athens, Athens, Greece; 5Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Padua, Italy Background: The PPARα gene encodes the peroxisome proliferator-activator receptor alpha, a central regulator of expression of other genes involved in fatty acid metabolism. The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence of G allele of the PPARα intron 7 G/C polymorphism (rs4253778) in professional Italian soccer players. Methods: Sixty professional soccer players and 30 sedentary volunteers were enrolled in the study. Samples of venous blood were obtained at rest, in the morning, by conventional clinical procedures; blood serum was collected and total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and triglycerides were measured. An aliquot of anticoagulant-treated blood was used to prepare genomic DNA from whole blood. The G/C polymorphic site in PPARα intron 7 was scanned by using the PCR-RFLP (polymerase chain reaction restriction fragment length polymorphism) protocol with TaqI enzyme. Results: We found variations in genotype distribution of PPARα polymorphism between professional soccer players and sedentary volunteers. Particularly, G alleles and the GG genotype were significantly more frequent in soccer players compared with healthy controls (64% versus 48%). No significant correlations were found between lipid profile and genotype background. Conclusion: Previous results demonstrated an association of intron 7 G allele as well as the GG genotype in endurance athletes. Our result suggests that this is the case also in professional soccer players. Keywords: PCR-RFLP, gene variants, endurance athlete, G allele |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-13T17:11:51Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-0278cbb45eb2475da407b035b2338a96 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1179-1543 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-13T17:11:51Z |
| publishDate | 2014-12-01 |
| publisher | Dove Medical Press |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Open Access Journal of Sports Medicine |
| spelling | doaj.art-0278cbb45eb2475da407b035b2338a962022-12-21T23:37:31ZengDove Medical PressOpen Access Journal of Sports Medicine1179-15432014-12-012014default27327819465PPARα gene variants as predicted performance-enhancing polymorphisms in professional Italian soccer playersProia PBianco ASchiera GSaladino PContrò VCaramazza GTraina MGrimaldi KAPalma APaoli APatrizia Proia,1 Antonino Bianco,1 Gabriella Schiera,2 Patrizia Saladino,2 Valentina Contrò,1 Giovanni Caramazza,3 Marcello Traina,1 Keith A Grimaldi,4 Antonio Palma,1 Antonio Paoli5 1Sport and Exercise Sciences Research Unit, 2Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy; 3Regional Sports School of CONI Sicilia, Sicily, Italy; 4Biomedical Engineering Laboratory, Institute of Communication and Computer Systems, National Technical University of Athens, Athens, Greece; 5Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Padua, Italy Background: The PPARα gene encodes the peroxisome proliferator-activator receptor alpha, a central regulator of expression of other genes involved in fatty acid metabolism. The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence of G allele of the PPARα intron 7 G/C polymorphism (rs4253778) in professional Italian soccer players. Methods: Sixty professional soccer players and 30 sedentary volunteers were enrolled in the study. Samples of venous blood were obtained at rest, in the morning, by conventional clinical procedures; blood serum was collected and total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and triglycerides were measured. An aliquot of anticoagulant-treated blood was used to prepare genomic DNA from whole blood. The G/C polymorphic site in PPARα intron 7 was scanned by using the PCR-RFLP (polymerase chain reaction restriction fragment length polymorphism) protocol with TaqI enzyme. Results: We found variations in genotype distribution of PPARα polymorphism between professional soccer players and sedentary volunteers. Particularly, G alleles and the GG genotype were significantly more frequent in soccer players compared with healthy controls (64% versus 48%). No significant correlations were found between lipid profile and genotype background. Conclusion: Previous results demonstrated an association of intron 7 G allele as well as the GG genotype in endurance athletes. Our result suggests that this is the case also in professional soccer players. Keywords: PCR-RFLP, gene variants, endurance athlete, G allelehttp://www.dovepress.com/pparalpha-gene-variants-as-predicted-performance-enhancing-polymorphis-peer-reviewed-article-OAJSM |
| spellingShingle | Proia P Bianco A Schiera G Saladino P Contrò V Caramazza G Traina M Grimaldi KA Palma A Paoli A PPARα gene variants as predicted performance-enhancing polymorphisms in professional Italian soccer players Open Access Journal of Sports Medicine |
| title | PPARα gene variants as predicted performance-enhancing polymorphisms in professional Italian soccer players |
| title_full | PPARα gene variants as predicted performance-enhancing polymorphisms in professional Italian soccer players |
| title_fullStr | PPARα gene variants as predicted performance-enhancing polymorphisms in professional Italian soccer players |
| title_full_unstemmed | PPARα gene variants as predicted performance-enhancing polymorphisms in professional Italian soccer players |
| title_short | PPARα gene variants as predicted performance-enhancing polymorphisms in professional Italian soccer players |
| title_sort | ppar alpha gene variants as predicted performance enhancing polymorphisms in professional italian soccer players |
| url | http://www.dovepress.com/pparalpha-gene-variants-as-predicted-performance-enhancing-polymorphis-peer-reviewed-article-OAJSM |
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