Pre-prescription testing in psychiatry: an overview
Drug therapy ‘tailored’ towards an individual based on his/her genetic profile is becoming increasingly popular in the era of personalised medicine. Pre-prescription testing which enables this, exploits the link between a relevant set of genetic variants and drug metabolism profile to maximise drug...
| मुख्य लेखकों: | , , , |
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| स्वरूप: | लेख |
| भाषा: | English |
| प्रकाशित: |
Academy Publisher
2022-12-01
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| श्रृंखला: | Open Journal of Psychiatry and Allied Sciences |
| विषय: | |
| ऑनलाइन पहुंच: | https://www.ojpas.com/get_file.php?id=35408494&vnr=185352 |
| _version_ | 1827198887848312832 |
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| author | Anirban Mukhopadhyay Chandra Bhushan Rai Smita N Deshpande BK Thelma |
| author_facet | Anirban Mukhopadhyay Chandra Bhushan Rai Smita N Deshpande BK Thelma |
| author_sort | Anirban Mukhopadhyay |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Drug therapy ‘tailored’ towards an individual based on his/her genetic profile is becoming increasingly popular in the era of personalised medicine. Pre-prescription testing which enables this, exploits the link between a relevant set of genetic variants and drug metabolism profile to maximise drug efficacy and lower the risk of adverse drug reactions. Since the conception over 50 years ago that drug response might be linked to underlying genetic makeup, the science around this field has evolved rapidly across a wide range of drugs including antipsychotics. Over 80% of both typical and atypical antipsychotics are known to be metabolised by phase-I drug metabolising enzymes such as cytochrome P450 (CYP450) family of genes which harbour extensive genetic variations. This has encouraged variant testing in these genes among patients with neuropsychiatric disorders. A confluence of accelerated variant discovery and next generation sequencing offers a fast and cost-effective approach. However, genomic literacy among the end users, i.e., the psychiatrists, patients, and their primary caregivers remains low, posing a major hindrance in the realisation of this pharmacogenetic goal. A well-oiled, multi-disciplinary machinery comprising of researchers, psychiatrists, and genetic counsellors would be the key for optimal dissemination of this intervention. This review presents a broad conceptual background of pharmacogenetics/pharmacogenomics, its potential in psychiatry in particular, together with clinical evidence, and the accompanying challenges for its effective implementation in clinical settings. |
| first_indexed | 2025-03-21T10:24:10Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-028765a4cceb4ece9f32c8b49f8f3413 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2394-2053 2394-2061 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2025-03-21T10:24:10Z |
| publishDate | 2022-12-01 |
| publisher | Academy Publisher |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Open Journal of Psychiatry and Allied Sciences |
| spelling | doaj.art-028765a4cceb4ece9f32c8b49f8f34132024-07-03T07:53:39ZengAcademy PublisherOpen Journal of Psychiatry and Allied Sciences2394-20532394-20612022-12-01132828910.5958/2394-2061.2022.00014.3Pre-prescription testing in psychiatry: an overviewAnirban Mukhopadhyay0Chandra Bhushan Rai1Smita N Deshpande2BK Thelma3Department of Genetics, University of Delhi South Campus, New Delhi-110021, IndiaDepartment of Psychiatry, Centre of Excellence in Mental Health, Atal Bihari Vajpayee Institute of Medical Sciences & Dr. Ram Manohar Lohia Hospital, New Delhi-110001, IndiaDepartment of Psychiatry, Employees’ State Insurance Corporation (ESIC) Medical College, Faridabad, Haryana-121012, IndiaDepartment of Genetics, University of Delhi South Campus, New Delhi-110021, IndiaDrug therapy ‘tailored’ towards an individual based on his/her genetic profile is becoming increasingly popular in the era of personalised medicine. Pre-prescription testing which enables this, exploits the link between a relevant set of genetic variants and drug metabolism profile to maximise drug efficacy and lower the risk of adverse drug reactions. Since the conception over 50 years ago that drug response might be linked to underlying genetic makeup, the science around this field has evolved rapidly across a wide range of drugs including antipsychotics. Over 80% of both typical and atypical antipsychotics are known to be metabolised by phase-I drug metabolising enzymes such as cytochrome P450 (CYP450) family of genes which harbour extensive genetic variations. This has encouraged variant testing in these genes among patients with neuropsychiatric disorders. A confluence of accelerated variant discovery and next generation sequencing offers a fast and cost-effective approach. However, genomic literacy among the end users, i.e., the psychiatrists, patients, and their primary caregivers remains low, posing a major hindrance in the realisation of this pharmacogenetic goal. A well-oiled, multi-disciplinary machinery comprising of researchers, psychiatrists, and genetic counsellors would be the key for optimal dissemination of this intervention. This review presents a broad conceptual background of pharmacogenetics/pharmacogenomics, its potential in psychiatry in particular, together with clinical evidence, and the accompanying challenges for its effective implementation in clinical settings.https://www.ojpas.com/get_file.php?id=35408494&vnr=185352pharmacogeneticspharmacogenomicsneuropsychiatric disordersantipsychotic drugsclinical practice |
| spellingShingle | Anirban Mukhopadhyay Chandra Bhushan Rai Smita N Deshpande BK Thelma Pre-prescription testing in psychiatry: an overview Open Journal of Psychiatry and Allied Sciences pharmacogenetics pharmacogenomics neuropsychiatric disorders antipsychotic drugs clinical practice |
| title | Pre-prescription testing in psychiatry: an overview |
| title_full | Pre-prescription testing in psychiatry: an overview |
| title_fullStr | Pre-prescription testing in psychiatry: an overview |
| title_full_unstemmed | Pre-prescription testing in psychiatry: an overview |
| title_short | Pre-prescription testing in psychiatry: an overview |
| title_sort | pre prescription testing in psychiatry an overview |
| topic | pharmacogenetics pharmacogenomics neuropsychiatric disorders antipsychotic drugs clinical practice |
| url | https://www.ojpas.com/get_file.php?id=35408494&vnr=185352 |
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