Sulfates of Sorghum vinegar residue waste as potential catalysts
A sealed wet curing design on sulfating Sorghum vinegar residue waste is drilled with sulfo/sulfoalkyl chemicals. Sulfation degrees in the case of reactions with sulfuric acid, sodium sulfite, sulfamic acid, benzenesulfonic acid, p-toluenesulfonic acid and sodium laurilsulfate range from 14.7 to 36....
| Main Authors: | , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
De Gruyter
2018-07-01
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| Series: | Green Processing and Synthesis |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1515/gps-2017-0042 |
| Summary: | A sealed wet curing design on sulfating Sorghum vinegar residue waste is drilled with sulfo/sulfoalkyl chemicals. Sulfation degrees in the case of reactions with sulfuric acid, sodium sulfite, sulfamic acid, benzenesulfonic acid, p-toluenesulfonic acid and sodium laurilsulfate range from 14.7 to 36.9 mg sulfo per gram waste. The C–O–S formation gives rise to accessional noncrystallinity and mesoporosity of morphology, a character for potential alternatives in catalysis. Waste sulfates are employed as candidates in catalyzing the condensation of α-glycolic acid and urea substitutes for yielding imidazolidine-2,4-dione derivatives. Catalytic and specific activities in terms of derivative productions are 2.6–34.3 (×103 U) and 0.8–5.4 U/mg sulfo, together with the maximal yields of 49.4%–97.6%. Chemical linkage of sulfo/sulfoalkyl groups manifests synergism with intrinsic acidity of waste with respect to catalysis. A rational design of green chemistry is guaranteed by no excess of chemicals and easy recyclability of catalysts. |
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| ISSN: | 2191-9542 2191-9550 |