Alternative Proteins for Fish Diets: Implications beyond Growth
Aquaculture has been challenged to find alternative ingredients to develop innovative feed formulations that foster a sustainable future growth. Given the most recent trends in fish feed formulation on the use of alternative protein sources to decrease the dependency of fishmeal, it is fundamental t...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2022-05-01
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| Series: | Animals |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2615/12/9/1211 |
| _version_ | 1797505796956749824 |
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| author | Cláudia Aragão Ana Teresa Gonçalves Benjamín Costas Rita Azeredo Maria João Xavier Sofia Engrola |
| author_facet | Cláudia Aragão Ana Teresa Gonçalves Benjamín Costas Rita Azeredo Maria João Xavier Sofia Engrola |
| author_sort | Cláudia Aragão |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Aquaculture has been challenged to find alternative ingredients to develop innovative feed formulations that foster a sustainable future growth. Given the most recent trends in fish feed formulation on the use of alternative protein sources to decrease the dependency of fishmeal, it is fundamental to evaluate the implications of this new paradigm for fish health and welfare. This work intends to comprehensively review the impacts of alternative and novel dietary protein sources on fish gut microbiota and health, stress and immune responses, disease resistance, and antioxidant capacity. The research results indicate that alternative protein sources, such as terrestrial plant proteins, rendered animal by-products, insect meals, micro- and macroalgae, and single cell proteins (e.g., yeasts), may negatively impact gut microbiota and health, thus affecting immune and stress responses. Nevertheless, some of the novel protein sources, such as insects and algae meals, have functional properties and may exert an immunostimulatory activity. Further research on the effects of novel protein sources, beyond growth, is clearly needed. The information gathered here is of utmost importance, in order to develop innovative diets that guarantee the production of healthy fish with high quality standards and optimised welfare conditions, thus contributing to a sustainable growth of the aquaculture industry. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T04:23:27Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-0298a72c98d84bfbafc54deb492718fe |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2076-2615 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T04:23:27Z |
| publishDate | 2022-05-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Animals |
| spelling | doaj.art-0298a72c98d84bfbafc54deb492718fe2023-11-23T07:43:54ZengMDPI AGAnimals2076-26152022-05-01129121110.3390/ani12091211Alternative Proteins for Fish Diets: Implications beyond GrowthCláudia Aragão0Ana Teresa Gonçalves1Benjamín Costas2Rita Azeredo3Maria João Xavier4Sofia Engrola5Centre of Marine Sciences (CCMAR), Universidade do Algarve, 8005-139 Faro, PortugalGreenCoLab—Associação Oceano Verde, Universidade do Algarve, 8005-139 Faro, PortugalInterdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research (CIIMAR), 4450-208 Matosinhos, PortugalInterdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research (CIIMAR), 4450-208 Matosinhos, PortugalCentre of Marine Sciences (CCMAR), Universidade do Algarve, 8005-139 Faro, PortugalCentre of Marine Sciences (CCMAR), Universidade do Algarve, 8005-139 Faro, PortugalAquaculture has been challenged to find alternative ingredients to develop innovative feed formulations that foster a sustainable future growth. Given the most recent trends in fish feed formulation on the use of alternative protein sources to decrease the dependency of fishmeal, it is fundamental to evaluate the implications of this new paradigm for fish health and welfare. This work intends to comprehensively review the impacts of alternative and novel dietary protein sources on fish gut microbiota and health, stress and immune responses, disease resistance, and antioxidant capacity. The research results indicate that alternative protein sources, such as terrestrial plant proteins, rendered animal by-products, insect meals, micro- and macroalgae, and single cell proteins (e.g., yeasts), may negatively impact gut microbiota and health, thus affecting immune and stress responses. Nevertheless, some of the novel protein sources, such as insects and algae meals, have functional properties and may exert an immunostimulatory activity. Further research on the effects of novel protein sources, beyond growth, is clearly needed. The information gathered here is of utmost importance, in order to develop innovative diets that guarantee the production of healthy fish with high quality standards and optimised welfare conditions, thus contributing to a sustainable growth of the aquaculture industry.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2615/12/9/1211aquaculturefish diet formulationsfishmeal replacementalternative protein sourcesintestinal healthmicrobiota |
| spellingShingle | Cláudia Aragão Ana Teresa Gonçalves Benjamín Costas Rita Azeredo Maria João Xavier Sofia Engrola Alternative Proteins for Fish Diets: Implications beyond Growth Animals aquaculture fish diet formulations fishmeal replacement alternative protein sources intestinal health microbiota |
| title | Alternative Proteins for Fish Diets: Implications beyond Growth |
| title_full | Alternative Proteins for Fish Diets: Implications beyond Growth |
| title_fullStr | Alternative Proteins for Fish Diets: Implications beyond Growth |
| title_full_unstemmed | Alternative Proteins for Fish Diets: Implications beyond Growth |
| title_short | Alternative Proteins for Fish Diets: Implications beyond Growth |
| title_sort | alternative proteins for fish diets implications beyond growth |
| topic | aquaculture fish diet formulations fishmeal replacement alternative protein sources intestinal health microbiota |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2615/12/9/1211 |
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