A case for hybrid BCIs: combining optical and electrical modalities improves accuracy
Near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) is a promising research tool that found its way into the field of brain-computer interfacing (BCI). BCI is crucially dependent on maximized usability thus demanding lightweight, compact, and low-cost hardware. We designed, built, and validated a hybrid BCI system in...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2023-06-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Human Neuroscience |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fnhum.2023.1162712/full |
| _version_ | 1827931845533106176 |
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| author | Rand Kasim Almajidy Rand Kasim Almajidy Soheil Mottaghi Asmaa A. Ajwad Yacine Boudria Kunal Mankodiya Walter Besio Ulrich G. Hofmann Ulrich G. Hofmann |
| author_facet | Rand Kasim Almajidy Rand Kasim Almajidy Soheil Mottaghi Asmaa A. Ajwad Yacine Boudria Kunal Mankodiya Walter Besio Ulrich G. Hofmann Ulrich G. Hofmann |
| author_sort | Rand Kasim Almajidy |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) is a promising research tool that found its way into the field of brain-computer interfacing (BCI). BCI is crucially dependent on maximized usability thus demanding lightweight, compact, and low-cost hardware. We designed, built, and validated a hybrid BCI system incorporating one optical and two electrical modalities ameliorating usability issues. The novel hardware consisted of a NIRS device integrated with an electroencephalography (EEG) system that used two different types of electrodes: Regular gelled gold disk electrodes and tri-polar concentric ring electrodes (TCRE). BCI experiments with 16 volunteers implemented a two-dimensional motor imagery paradigm in off- and online sessions. Various non-canonical signal processing methods were used to extract and classify useful features from EEG, tEEG (EEG through TCRE electrodes), and NIRS. Our analysis demonstrated evidence of improvement in classification accuracy when using the TCRE electrodes compared to disk electrodes and the NIRS system. Based on our synchronous hybrid recording system, we could show that the combination of NIRS-EEG-tEEG performed significantly better than either single modality only. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-13T06:59:42Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-02993eea308f45a0b91bfc642ed1a077 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1662-5161 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-13T06:59:42Z |
| publishDate | 2023-06-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Human Neuroscience |
| spelling | doaj.art-02993eea308f45a0b91bfc642ed1a0772023-06-07T04:40:20ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Human Neuroscience1662-51612023-06-011710.3389/fnhum.2023.11627121162712A case for hybrid BCIs: combining optical and electrical modalities improves accuracyRand Kasim Almajidy0Rand Kasim Almajidy1Soheil Mottaghi2Asmaa A. Ajwad3Yacine Boudria4Kunal Mankodiya5Walter Besio6Ulrich G. Hofmann7Ulrich G. Hofmann8Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg im Breisgau, GermanySection for Neuroelectronic Systems, Department of Neurosurgery, Medical Center University of Freiburg, Freiburg im Breisgau, GermanyRoche Diagnostics Automation Solutions GmbH, Ludwigsburg, GermanyCollege of Medicine, University of Diyala, Baqubah, IraqElectro Standards Laboratories, Cranston, RI, United StatesElectrical, Computer and Biomedical Engineering, Kingston, RI, United StatesElectrical, Computer and Biomedical Engineering, Kingston, RI, United StatesFaculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg im Breisgau, GermanySection for Neuroelectronic Systems, Department of Neurosurgery, Medical Center University of Freiburg, Freiburg im Breisgau, GermanyNear-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) is a promising research tool that found its way into the field of brain-computer interfacing (BCI). BCI is crucially dependent on maximized usability thus demanding lightweight, compact, and low-cost hardware. We designed, built, and validated a hybrid BCI system incorporating one optical and two electrical modalities ameliorating usability issues. The novel hardware consisted of a NIRS device integrated with an electroencephalography (EEG) system that used two different types of electrodes: Regular gelled gold disk electrodes and tri-polar concentric ring electrodes (TCRE). BCI experiments with 16 volunteers implemented a two-dimensional motor imagery paradigm in off- and online sessions. Various non-canonical signal processing methods were used to extract and classify useful features from EEG, tEEG (EEG through TCRE electrodes), and NIRS. Our analysis demonstrated evidence of improvement in classification accuracy when using the TCRE electrodes compared to disk electrodes and the NIRS system. Based on our synchronous hybrid recording system, we could show that the combination of NIRS-EEG-tEEG performed significantly better than either single modality only.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fnhum.2023.1162712/fullBCImonitoring brain activityNIRS system designmulti-modal BCIEEGclassification |
| spellingShingle | Rand Kasim Almajidy Rand Kasim Almajidy Soheil Mottaghi Asmaa A. Ajwad Yacine Boudria Kunal Mankodiya Walter Besio Ulrich G. Hofmann Ulrich G. Hofmann A case for hybrid BCIs: combining optical and electrical modalities improves accuracy Frontiers in Human Neuroscience BCI monitoring brain activity NIRS system design multi-modal BCI EEG classification |
| title | A case for hybrid BCIs: combining optical and electrical modalities improves accuracy |
| title_full | A case for hybrid BCIs: combining optical and electrical modalities improves accuracy |
| title_fullStr | A case for hybrid BCIs: combining optical and electrical modalities improves accuracy |
| title_full_unstemmed | A case for hybrid BCIs: combining optical and electrical modalities improves accuracy |
| title_short | A case for hybrid BCIs: combining optical and electrical modalities improves accuracy |
| title_sort | case for hybrid bcis combining optical and electrical modalities improves accuracy |
| topic | BCI monitoring brain activity NIRS system design multi-modal BCI EEG classification |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fnhum.2023.1162712/full |
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