Energy Efficient UAV Flight Path Model for Cluster Head Selection in Next-Generation Wireless Sensor Networks
Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) are one of the fundamental infrastructures for Internet of Things (IoTs) technology. Efficient energy consumption is one of the greatest challenges in WSNs because of its resource-constrained sensor nodes (SNs). Clustering techniques can significantly help resolve thi...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2021-12-01
|
| Series: | Sensors |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/21/24/8445 |
| _version_ | 1797500748397805568 |
|---|---|
| author | Syed Kamran Haider Aimin Jiang Ahmad Almogren Ateeq Ur Rehman Abbas Ahmed Wali Ullah Khan Habib Hamam |
| author_facet | Syed Kamran Haider Aimin Jiang Ahmad Almogren Ateeq Ur Rehman Abbas Ahmed Wali Ullah Khan Habib Hamam |
| author_sort | Syed Kamran Haider |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) are one of the fundamental infrastructures for Internet of Things (IoTs) technology. Efficient energy consumption is one of the greatest challenges in WSNs because of its resource-constrained sensor nodes (SNs). Clustering techniques can significantly help resolve this issue and extend the network’s lifespan. In clustering, WSN is divided into various clusters, and a cluster head (CH) is selected in each cluster. The selection of appropriate CHs highly influences the clustering technique, and poor cluster structures lead toward the early death of WSNs. In this paper, we propose an energy-efficient clustering and cluster head selection technique for next-generation wireless sensor networks (NG-WSNs). The proposed clustering approach is based on the midpoint technique, considering residual energy and distance among nodes. It distributes the sensors uniformly creating balanced clusters, and uses multihop communication for distant CHs to the base station (BS). We consider a four-layer hierarchical network composed of SNs, CHs, unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV), and BS. The UAV brings the advantage of flexibility and mobility; it shortens the communication range of sensors, which leads to an extended lifetime. Finally, a simulated annealing algorithm is applied for the optimal trajectory of the UAV according to the ground sensor network. The experimental results show that the proposed approach outperforms with respect to energy efficiency and network lifetime when compared with state-of-the-art techniques from recent literature. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T03:08:18Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-02a97776fa784fdb84e284e9c5bcdcc2 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1424-8220 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T03:08:18Z |
| publishDate | 2021-12-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Sensors |
| spelling | doaj.art-02a97776fa784fdb84e284e9c5bcdcc22023-11-23T10:31:33ZengMDPI AGSensors1424-82202021-12-012124844510.3390/s21248445Energy Efficient UAV Flight Path Model for Cluster Head Selection in Next-Generation Wireless Sensor NetworksSyed Kamran Haider0Aimin Jiang1Ahmad Almogren2Ateeq Ur Rehman3Abbas Ahmed4Wali Ullah Khan5Habib Hamam6College of Internet of Things (IoT) Engineering, Hohai University, Changzhou 213001, ChinaCollege of Internet of Things (IoT) Engineering, Hohai University, Changzhou 213001, ChinaDepartment of Computer Science, College of Computer and Information Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh 11633, Saudi ArabiaCollege of Internet of Things (IoT) Engineering, Hohai University, Changzhou 213001, ChinaDepartment of Electrical & Electronics Engineering, Beaconhouse International College, Islamabad 44000, PakistanInterdisciplinary Centre for Security, Reliability and Trust (SnT), University of Luxembourg, 1855 Luxembourg, LuxembourgFaculty of Engineering, Uni de Moncton, Moncton, NB E1A 3E9, CanadaWireless sensor networks (WSNs) are one of the fundamental infrastructures for Internet of Things (IoTs) technology. Efficient energy consumption is one of the greatest challenges in WSNs because of its resource-constrained sensor nodes (SNs). Clustering techniques can significantly help resolve this issue and extend the network’s lifespan. In clustering, WSN is divided into various clusters, and a cluster head (CH) is selected in each cluster. The selection of appropriate CHs highly influences the clustering technique, and poor cluster structures lead toward the early death of WSNs. In this paper, we propose an energy-efficient clustering and cluster head selection technique for next-generation wireless sensor networks (NG-WSNs). The proposed clustering approach is based on the midpoint technique, considering residual energy and distance among nodes. It distributes the sensors uniformly creating balanced clusters, and uses multihop communication for distant CHs to the base station (BS). We consider a four-layer hierarchical network composed of SNs, CHs, unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV), and BS. The UAV brings the advantage of flexibility and mobility; it shortens the communication range of sensors, which leads to an extended lifetime. Finally, a simulated annealing algorithm is applied for the optimal trajectory of the UAV according to the ground sensor network. The experimental results show that the proposed approach outperforms with respect to energy efficiency and network lifetime when compared with state-of-the-art techniques from recent literature.https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/21/24/8445next-generation wireless sensor networkclusteringUAV flight path modelingcluster balanced structure |
| spellingShingle | Syed Kamran Haider Aimin Jiang Ahmad Almogren Ateeq Ur Rehman Abbas Ahmed Wali Ullah Khan Habib Hamam Energy Efficient UAV Flight Path Model for Cluster Head Selection in Next-Generation Wireless Sensor Networks Sensors next-generation wireless sensor network clustering UAV flight path modeling cluster balanced structure |
| title | Energy Efficient UAV Flight Path Model for Cluster Head Selection in Next-Generation Wireless Sensor Networks |
| title_full | Energy Efficient UAV Flight Path Model for Cluster Head Selection in Next-Generation Wireless Sensor Networks |
| title_fullStr | Energy Efficient UAV Flight Path Model for Cluster Head Selection in Next-Generation Wireless Sensor Networks |
| title_full_unstemmed | Energy Efficient UAV Flight Path Model for Cluster Head Selection in Next-Generation Wireless Sensor Networks |
| title_short | Energy Efficient UAV Flight Path Model for Cluster Head Selection in Next-Generation Wireless Sensor Networks |
| title_sort | energy efficient uav flight path model for cluster head selection in next generation wireless sensor networks |
| topic | next-generation wireless sensor network clustering UAV flight path modeling cluster balanced structure |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/21/24/8445 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT syedkamranhaider energyefficientuavflightpathmodelforclusterheadselectioninnextgenerationwirelesssensornetworks AT aiminjiang energyefficientuavflightpathmodelforclusterheadselectioninnextgenerationwirelesssensornetworks AT ahmadalmogren energyefficientuavflightpathmodelforclusterheadselectioninnextgenerationwirelesssensornetworks AT ateequrrehman energyefficientuavflightpathmodelforclusterheadselectioninnextgenerationwirelesssensornetworks AT abbasahmed energyefficientuavflightpathmodelforclusterheadselectioninnextgenerationwirelesssensornetworks AT waliullahkhan energyefficientuavflightpathmodelforclusterheadselectioninnextgenerationwirelesssensornetworks AT habibhamam energyefficientuavflightpathmodelforclusterheadselectioninnextgenerationwirelesssensornetworks |