Season, storage and extraction method impact on the phytochemical profile of Terminalia ivorensis
Abstract Background Terminalia ivorensis (TI) is used in West African ethnomedicine for the treatment of conditions including ulcers, malaria and wounds. Despite its widespread use, the phytochemical profile of TI remains largely undetermined. This research investigated the effects of extraction met...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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BMC
2023-03-01
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| Series: | BMC Plant Biology |
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12870-023-04144-8 |
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| author | Aliu Moomin Wendy R. Russell Rachel M. Knott Lorraine Scobbie Kwesi Boadu Mensah Paa Kofi Tawiah Adu-Gyamfi Susan J. Duthie |
| author_facet | Aliu Moomin Wendy R. Russell Rachel M. Knott Lorraine Scobbie Kwesi Boadu Mensah Paa Kofi Tawiah Adu-Gyamfi Susan J. Duthie |
| author_sort | Aliu Moomin |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Background Terminalia ivorensis (TI) is used in West African ethnomedicine for the treatment of conditions including ulcers, malaria and wounds. Despite its widespread use, the phytochemical profile of TI remains largely undetermined. This research investigated the effects of extraction method, season, and storage conditions on the phytochemical composition of TI to contribute towards understanding the potential benefits. Methods TI bark was collected in September 2014, September 2018 and February 2018 during the rainy or dry seasons in Eastern Region, Ghana. Samples were extracted sequentially with organic solvents (petroleum ether, chloroform, ethyl acetate and ethanol) or using water (traditional). Metabolites were identified by liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry/mass spectrometry and compared statistically by ANOVA. Results A total of 82 different phytochemicals were identified across all samples. A greater yield of the major phytochemicals (44%, p < 0.05) was obtained by water as compared with organic extraction. There was also a higher concentration of metabolites present in cold (63%, p < 0.05) compared with hot water extraction. A significantly (p < 0.05) higher number of phytochemicals were identified from TI collected in the dry (85%) compared to the rainy season (69%). TI bark stored for four years retained 84% of the major phytochemicals. Conclusion This work provides important information on composition and how this is modified by growing conditions, storage and method of extraction informing progress on the development of TI as a prophylactic formulation or medicine. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-09T21:38:35Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-02b0855e232f465fb58966016aa24428 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1471-2229 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-09T21:38:35Z |
| publishDate | 2023-03-01 |
| publisher | BMC |
| record_format | Article |
| series | BMC Plant Biology |
| spelling | doaj.art-02b0855e232f465fb58966016aa244282023-03-26T11:08:42ZengBMCBMC Plant Biology1471-22292023-03-0123111810.1186/s12870-023-04144-8Season, storage and extraction method impact on the phytochemical profile of Terminalia ivorensisAliu Moomin0Wendy R. Russell1Rachel M. Knott2Lorraine Scobbie3Kwesi Boadu Mensah4Paa Kofi Tawiah Adu-Gyamfi5Susan J. Duthie6School of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, Robert Gordon UniversityUniversity of Aberdeen, Rowett InstituteSchool of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, Robert Gordon UniversityUniversity of Aberdeen, Rowett InstituteDepartment of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and TechnologyFaculty of Health and Allied Sciences, Department of Nursing and Midwifery, Pentecost University CollegeSchool of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, Robert Gordon UniversityAbstract Background Terminalia ivorensis (TI) is used in West African ethnomedicine for the treatment of conditions including ulcers, malaria and wounds. Despite its widespread use, the phytochemical profile of TI remains largely undetermined. This research investigated the effects of extraction method, season, and storage conditions on the phytochemical composition of TI to contribute towards understanding the potential benefits. Methods TI bark was collected in September 2014, September 2018 and February 2018 during the rainy or dry seasons in Eastern Region, Ghana. Samples were extracted sequentially with organic solvents (petroleum ether, chloroform, ethyl acetate and ethanol) or using water (traditional). Metabolites were identified by liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry/mass spectrometry and compared statistically by ANOVA. Results A total of 82 different phytochemicals were identified across all samples. A greater yield of the major phytochemicals (44%, p < 0.05) was obtained by water as compared with organic extraction. There was also a higher concentration of metabolites present in cold (63%, p < 0.05) compared with hot water extraction. A significantly (p < 0.05) higher number of phytochemicals were identified from TI collected in the dry (85%) compared to the rainy season (69%). TI bark stored for four years retained 84% of the major phytochemicals. Conclusion This work provides important information on composition and how this is modified by growing conditions, storage and method of extraction informing progress on the development of TI as a prophylactic formulation or medicine.https://doi.org/10.1186/s12870-023-04144-8Terminalia ivorensisSoxhlet extractionSecondary metabolitesPhytochemicalsSeasonStorage |
| spellingShingle | Aliu Moomin Wendy R. Russell Rachel M. Knott Lorraine Scobbie Kwesi Boadu Mensah Paa Kofi Tawiah Adu-Gyamfi Susan J. Duthie Season, storage and extraction method impact on the phytochemical profile of Terminalia ivorensis BMC Plant Biology Terminalia ivorensis Soxhlet extraction Secondary metabolites Phytochemicals Season Storage |
| title | Season, storage and extraction method impact on the phytochemical profile of Terminalia ivorensis |
| title_full | Season, storage and extraction method impact on the phytochemical profile of Terminalia ivorensis |
| title_fullStr | Season, storage and extraction method impact on the phytochemical profile of Terminalia ivorensis |
| title_full_unstemmed | Season, storage and extraction method impact on the phytochemical profile of Terminalia ivorensis |
| title_short | Season, storage and extraction method impact on the phytochemical profile of Terminalia ivorensis |
| title_sort | season storage and extraction method impact on the phytochemical profile of terminalia ivorensis |
| topic | Terminalia ivorensis Soxhlet extraction Secondary metabolites Phytochemicals Season Storage |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12870-023-04144-8 |
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