| Summary: | Smouldering combustion can emit a large amount of CO<sub>2</sub>, CO and particulate matter (PM). Moisture content is an important factor of the emission characteristics. As the hot spot of forest smouldering combustion, the gas and particulate emissions of the Huzhong National Nature Reserve with different moisture contents are discussed herein. The emission factors (EF) of CO<sub>2</sub> and CO were 100.71 ± 39.14 g/kg and 11.76 ± 3.89 g/kg, respectively. The EF of PM<sub>2.5</sub>, PM<sub>4</sub> and PM<sub>10</sub> were 87.11 ± 19.47 g/kg, 353.37 ±159.25 g/kg and 602.59 ± 276.80 g/kg, respectively. PM<sub>2.5</sub> accounted for 16.59 ± 5.25% of the PM, and PM<sub>4</sub> and PM<sub>10</sub> were 54.03 ± 13.46% and 91.00 ± 10.81%, respectively. There was no significant difference in the EF of CO<sub>2</sub> and CO with different moisture contents, nor in the EF of PM<sub>2.5</sub>, but there was a significant difference in the EF of PM<sub>4</sub> and PM<sub>10</sub> with different moisture contents. In addition, the peak of CO<sub>2</sub> and CO appeared at 2~3 h; the peak of PM<sub>2.5</sub> lagged behind that of PM<sub>4</sub> and PM<sub>10</sub>. According to the regression analysis, experimental expressions were obtained for the modified combustion efficiency (MCE) and the EF of PM.
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