Analysis of the Intestinal Flora in Male Versus Female Swamp Eels (Monopterus albus)
This study aimed to analyze the intestinal flora of male versus female swamp eels, which have the unique characteristic of sex reversal. Same-aged swamp eels from the same parents, kept under the same conditions in terms of environment, diet, etc., were used as the study materials. After breeding fo...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2020-04-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Microbiology |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fmicb.2020.00699/full |
| _version_ | 1819125288148140032 |
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| author | Ying Wang Jinhua Zhang Qiubai Zhou Zirui Wang Miao Gao Xin Yang Yu Liu Zhengzhou Zhang Wenhao Jiang Chonghua Hu Wenping Zhang |
| author_facet | Ying Wang Jinhua Zhang Qiubai Zhou Zirui Wang Miao Gao Xin Yang Yu Liu Zhengzhou Zhang Wenhao Jiang Chonghua Hu Wenping Zhang |
| author_sort | Ying Wang |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | This study aimed to analyze the intestinal flora of male versus female swamp eels, which have the unique characteristic of sex reversal. Same-aged swamp eels from the same parents, kept under the same conditions in terms of environment, diet, etc., were used as the study materials. After breeding for 1 year, 18 healthy swamp eels (nine males and nine females), weighing 39.4 ± 2.3 g, were selected. The intestinal contents of three swamp eels of the same sex were combined and labeled as follows: FM1-FM3 (n = 3) for females and MM1-MM3 (n = 3) for males. High-throughput sequencing was used to research the v3-v4 region of 16S rDNA in the intestinal flora. The results suggested significant differences in the structure, composition, and diversity of the intestinal flora of male versus female swamp eels. The relative abundances of Actinobacteria and Spirochaetes in female swamp eels were significantly higher (p < 0.05) than in male swamp eels at the phylum level. The relative abundances of Mycobacterium, Bacillus, and Vagococcus in female swamp eels were considerably higher (p < 0.05) than in male swamp eels at the genus level. The Alpha diversity of females was higher than that of males, and the Shannon index of females was also significantly higher (p < 0.05, Tukey’s HSD) than that in males. Investigations of Beta diversity, including NMDS ordination, UPGMA cluster analysis, and PLS-DA analysis, showed that female and male swamp eels could be clearly distinguished based on significant differences in intestinal flora between the FM group and the MM group. LEfSe analysis showed that the dominant bacteria were Cetobacterium in male swamp eels and Clostridium_sp_ND2, Mycobacterium, Alphaproteobacteria, and Bacilli in female swamp eels. The results showed dramatic differences in the intestinal flora between the sexes, which indicates the need for a more in-depth study on sex reversal in the future. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-22T07:37:45Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-02bed0c73e0343c9b684e34f14f19af8 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1664-302X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-22T07:37:45Z |
| publishDate | 2020-04-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Microbiology |
| spelling | doaj.art-02bed0c73e0343c9b684e34f14f19af82022-12-21T18:33:51ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Microbiology1664-302X2020-04-011110.3389/fmicb.2020.00699514272Analysis of the Intestinal Flora in Male Versus Female Swamp Eels (Monopterus albus)Ying WangJinhua ZhangQiubai ZhouZirui WangMiao GaoXin YangYu LiuZhengzhou ZhangWenhao JiangChonghua HuWenping ZhangThis study aimed to analyze the intestinal flora of male versus female swamp eels, which have the unique characteristic of sex reversal. Same-aged swamp eels from the same parents, kept under the same conditions in terms of environment, diet, etc., were used as the study materials. After breeding for 1 year, 18 healthy swamp eels (nine males and nine females), weighing 39.4 ± 2.3 g, were selected. The intestinal contents of three swamp eels of the same sex were combined and labeled as follows: FM1-FM3 (n = 3) for females and MM1-MM3 (n = 3) for males. High-throughput sequencing was used to research the v3-v4 region of 16S rDNA in the intestinal flora. The results suggested significant differences in the structure, composition, and diversity of the intestinal flora of male versus female swamp eels. The relative abundances of Actinobacteria and Spirochaetes in female swamp eels were significantly higher (p < 0.05) than in male swamp eels at the phylum level. The relative abundances of Mycobacterium, Bacillus, and Vagococcus in female swamp eels were considerably higher (p < 0.05) than in male swamp eels at the genus level. The Alpha diversity of females was higher than that of males, and the Shannon index of females was also significantly higher (p < 0.05, Tukey’s HSD) than that in males. Investigations of Beta diversity, including NMDS ordination, UPGMA cluster analysis, and PLS-DA analysis, showed that female and male swamp eels could be clearly distinguished based on significant differences in intestinal flora between the FM group and the MM group. LEfSe analysis showed that the dominant bacteria were Cetobacterium in male swamp eels and Clostridium_sp_ND2, Mycobacterium, Alphaproteobacteria, and Bacilli in female swamp eels. The results showed dramatic differences in the intestinal flora between the sexes, which indicates the need for a more in-depth study on sex reversal in the future.https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fmicb.2020.00699/fullswamp eelhigh-throughput sequencingintestinal florasex reversalsex differences |
| spellingShingle | Ying Wang Jinhua Zhang Qiubai Zhou Zirui Wang Miao Gao Xin Yang Yu Liu Zhengzhou Zhang Wenhao Jiang Chonghua Hu Wenping Zhang Analysis of the Intestinal Flora in Male Versus Female Swamp Eels (Monopterus albus) Frontiers in Microbiology swamp eel high-throughput sequencing intestinal flora sex reversal sex differences |
| title | Analysis of the Intestinal Flora in Male Versus Female Swamp Eels (Monopterus albus) |
| title_full | Analysis of the Intestinal Flora in Male Versus Female Swamp Eels (Monopterus albus) |
| title_fullStr | Analysis of the Intestinal Flora in Male Versus Female Swamp Eels (Monopterus albus) |
| title_full_unstemmed | Analysis of the Intestinal Flora in Male Versus Female Swamp Eels (Monopterus albus) |
| title_short | Analysis of the Intestinal Flora in Male Versus Female Swamp Eels (Monopterus albus) |
| title_sort | analysis of the intestinal flora in male versus female swamp eels monopterus albus |
| topic | swamp eel high-throughput sequencing intestinal flora sex reversal sex differences |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fmicb.2020.00699/full |
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