β-Tricalcium Phosphate-Loaded Chitosan-Based Thermosensitive Hydrogel for Periodontal Regeneration
The current treatment for periodontitis is aimed at resolving gingival inflammation, whilst complete periodontal tissue regeneration is not predictable, and it represents a therapeutic challenge. Injectable biomaterials hold tremendous potential in dental tissue regeneration. This study aimed to inv...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2023-10-01
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| Series: | Polymers |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4360/15/20/4146 |
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| author | Naiwen Tan Maja Sabalic-Schoener Linh Nguyen Francesco D’Aiuto |
| author_facet | Naiwen Tan Maja Sabalic-Schoener Linh Nguyen Francesco D’Aiuto |
| author_sort | Naiwen Tan |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The current treatment for periodontitis is aimed at resolving gingival inflammation, whilst complete periodontal tissue regeneration is not predictable, and it represents a therapeutic challenge. Injectable biomaterials hold tremendous potential in dental tissue regeneration. This study aimed to investigate the ability of an injectable thermosensitive β-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP) and chitosan-based hydrogel to carry cells and promote periodontal tissue regeneration. In this study, different concentrations of β-TCP-loaded chitosan hydrogels were prepared (0%, 2%, 4%, or 6% β-TCP, 10% β-glycerol phosphate, and 1.5% chitosan). The characteristics of the hydrogels were tested using rheology, a scanning electron microscope (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), degradation, and biological analyses. The new biomaterial showed a sol–gel transformation ability at body temperature and exhibited excellent chemical and physical characteristics, whilst the existence of β-TCP enhanced the structure and the properties of the hydrogels. The SEM confirmed the three-dimensional networks of the hydrogels, and the typical rheological properties of strong gel were observed. The EDX and XRD validated the successful incorporation of β-TCP, and similar patterns between different groups were found in terms of the FTIR spectra. The stable structure of the hydrogels under 100 °C was confirmed via DSC. Biological tests such as Alamar Blue assay and Live/Dead staining confirmed the remarkable biocompatibility of the hydrogels with pre-osteoblast MC3T3-E1 and human gingival fibroblast (HGF) cells for 14 days, and the results were validated with confocal imaging. This preliminary study shows great promise for the application of the β-TCP-loaded thermosensitive chitosan hydrogels as a scaffold in periodontal bone and soft tissue repair. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T20:56:15Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-02c21cecf4874f18b0f4d37253b344df |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2073-4360 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T20:56:15Z |
| publishDate | 2023-10-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Polymers |
| spelling | doaj.art-02c21cecf4874f18b0f4d37253b344df2023-11-19T17:51:50ZengMDPI AGPolymers2073-43602023-10-011520414610.3390/polym15204146β-Tricalcium Phosphate-Loaded Chitosan-Based Thermosensitive Hydrogel for Periodontal RegenerationNaiwen Tan0Maja Sabalic-Schoener1Linh Nguyen2Francesco D’Aiuto3Periodontology Unit, UCL Eastman Dental Institute, 21 University Street, London WC1E 6DE, UKPeriodontology Unit, UCL Eastman Dental Institute, 21 University Street, London WC1E 6DE, UKBiomaterials and Tissue Engineering, UCL Eastman Dental Institute, Royal Free Campus, Rowland Hill Street, London NW3 2PF, UKPeriodontology Unit, UCL Eastman Dental Institute, 21 University Street, London WC1E 6DE, UKThe current treatment for periodontitis is aimed at resolving gingival inflammation, whilst complete periodontal tissue regeneration is not predictable, and it represents a therapeutic challenge. Injectable biomaterials hold tremendous potential in dental tissue regeneration. This study aimed to investigate the ability of an injectable thermosensitive β-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP) and chitosan-based hydrogel to carry cells and promote periodontal tissue regeneration. In this study, different concentrations of β-TCP-loaded chitosan hydrogels were prepared (0%, 2%, 4%, or 6% β-TCP, 10% β-glycerol phosphate, and 1.5% chitosan). The characteristics of the hydrogels were tested using rheology, a scanning electron microscope (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), degradation, and biological analyses. The new biomaterial showed a sol–gel transformation ability at body temperature and exhibited excellent chemical and physical characteristics, whilst the existence of β-TCP enhanced the structure and the properties of the hydrogels. The SEM confirmed the three-dimensional networks of the hydrogels, and the typical rheological properties of strong gel were observed. The EDX and XRD validated the successful incorporation of β-TCP, and similar patterns between different groups were found in terms of the FTIR spectra. The stable structure of the hydrogels under 100 °C was confirmed via DSC. Biological tests such as Alamar Blue assay and Live/Dead staining confirmed the remarkable biocompatibility of the hydrogels with pre-osteoblast MC3T3-E1 and human gingival fibroblast (HGF) cells for 14 days, and the results were validated with confocal imaging. This preliminary study shows great promise for the application of the β-TCP-loaded thermosensitive chitosan hydrogels as a scaffold in periodontal bone and soft tissue repair.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4360/15/20/4146biocompatible materialsinjectable hydrogelchitosanperiodontitisregenerative medicine tissue engineeringdental tissue repair |
| spellingShingle | Naiwen Tan Maja Sabalic-Schoener Linh Nguyen Francesco D’Aiuto β-Tricalcium Phosphate-Loaded Chitosan-Based Thermosensitive Hydrogel for Periodontal Regeneration Polymers biocompatible materials injectable hydrogel chitosan periodontitis regenerative medicine tissue engineering dental tissue repair |
| title | β-Tricalcium Phosphate-Loaded Chitosan-Based Thermosensitive Hydrogel for Periodontal Regeneration |
| title_full | β-Tricalcium Phosphate-Loaded Chitosan-Based Thermosensitive Hydrogel for Periodontal Regeneration |
| title_fullStr | β-Tricalcium Phosphate-Loaded Chitosan-Based Thermosensitive Hydrogel for Periodontal Regeneration |
| title_full_unstemmed | β-Tricalcium Phosphate-Loaded Chitosan-Based Thermosensitive Hydrogel for Periodontal Regeneration |
| title_short | β-Tricalcium Phosphate-Loaded Chitosan-Based Thermosensitive Hydrogel for Periodontal Regeneration |
| title_sort | β tricalcium phosphate loaded chitosan based thermosensitive hydrogel for periodontal regeneration |
| topic | biocompatible materials injectable hydrogel chitosan periodontitis regenerative medicine tissue engineering dental tissue repair |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4360/15/20/4146 |
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