COSMOS-Web: Intrinsically Luminous z ≳ 10 Galaxy Candidates Test Early Stellar Mass Assembly
We report the discovery of 15 exceptionally luminous 10 ≲ z ≲ 14 candidate galaxies discovered in the first 0.28 deg ^2 of JWST/NIRCam imaging from the COSMOS-Web survey. These sources span rest-frame UV magnitudes of −20.5 > M _UV > −22, and thus constitute the most intrinsically luminous z ≳...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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IOP Publishing
2024-01-01
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| Series: | The Astrophysical Journal |
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ad2075 |
| _version_ | 1797214529417904128 |
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| author | Caitlin M. Casey Hollis B. Akins Marko Shuntov Olivier Ilbert Louise Paquereau Maximilien Franco Christopher C. Hayward Steven L. Finkelstein Michael Boylan-Kolchin Brant E. Robertson Natalie Allen Malte Brinch Olivia R. Cooper Xuheng Ding Nicole E. Drakos Andreas L. Faisst Seiji Fujimoto Steven Gillman Santosh Harish Michaela Hirschmann Shuowen Jin Jeyhan S. Kartaltepe Anton M. Koekemoer Vasily Kokorev Daizhong Liu Arianna S. Long Georgios Magdis Claudia Maraston Crystal L. Martin Henry Joy McCracken Jed McKinney Bahram Mobasher Jason Rhodes R. Michael Rich David B. Sanders John D. Silverman Sune Toft Aswin P. Vijayan John R. Weaver Stephen M. Wilkins Lilan Yang Jorge A. Zavala |
| author_facet | Caitlin M. Casey Hollis B. Akins Marko Shuntov Olivier Ilbert Louise Paquereau Maximilien Franco Christopher C. Hayward Steven L. Finkelstein Michael Boylan-Kolchin Brant E. Robertson Natalie Allen Malte Brinch Olivia R. Cooper Xuheng Ding Nicole E. Drakos Andreas L. Faisst Seiji Fujimoto Steven Gillman Santosh Harish Michaela Hirschmann Shuowen Jin Jeyhan S. Kartaltepe Anton M. Koekemoer Vasily Kokorev Daizhong Liu Arianna S. Long Georgios Magdis Claudia Maraston Crystal L. Martin Henry Joy McCracken Jed McKinney Bahram Mobasher Jason Rhodes R. Michael Rich David B. Sanders John D. Silverman Sune Toft Aswin P. Vijayan John R. Weaver Stephen M. Wilkins Lilan Yang Jorge A. Zavala |
| author_sort | Caitlin M. Casey |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | We report the discovery of 15 exceptionally luminous 10 ≲ z ≲ 14 candidate galaxies discovered in the first 0.28 deg ^2 of JWST/NIRCam imaging from the COSMOS-Web survey. These sources span rest-frame UV magnitudes of −20.5 > M _UV > −22, and thus constitute the most intrinsically luminous z ≳ 10 candidates identified by JWST to date. Selected via NIRCam imaging, deep ground-based observations corroborate their detection and help significantly constrain their photometric redshifts. We analyze their spectral energy distributions using multiple open-source codes and evaluate the probability of low-redshift solutions; we conclude that 12/15 (80%) are likely genuine z ≳ 10 sources and 3/15 (20%) likely low-redshift contaminants. Three of our z ∼ 12 candidates push the limits of early stellar mass assembly: they have estimated stellar masses ∼ 5 × 10 ^9 M _⊙ , implying an effective stellar baryon fraction of ϵ _⋆ ∼ 0.2−0.5, where ϵ _⋆ ≡ M _⋆ /( f _b M _halo ). The assembly of such stellar reservoirs is made possible due to rapid, burst-driven star formation on timescales < 100 Myr where the star formation rate may far outpace the growth of the underlying dark matter halos. This is supported by the similar volume densities inferred for M _⋆ ∼ 10 ^10 M _⊙ galaxies relative to M _⋆ ∼ 10 ^9 M _⊙ —both about 10 ^−6 Mpc ^−3 —implying they live in halos of comparable mass. At such high redshifts, the duty cycle for starbursts would be of order unity, which could cause the observed change in the shape of the UV luminosity function from a double power law to a Schechter function at z ≈ 8. Spectroscopic redshift confirmation and ensuing constraints of their masses will be critical to understand how, and if, such early massive galaxies push the limits of galaxy formation in the Lambda cold dark matter paradigm. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-24T11:15:37Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-02ccfe9f0e7c43d784be1002d99bbdf2 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1538-4357 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-24T11:15:37Z |
| publishDate | 2024-01-01 |
| publisher | IOP Publishing |
| record_format | Article |
| series | The Astrophysical Journal |
| spelling | doaj.art-02ccfe9f0e7c43d784be1002d99bbdf22024-04-11T08:55:35ZengIOP PublishingThe Astrophysical Journal1538-43572024-01-0196519810.3847/1538-4357/ad2075COSMOS-Web: Intrinsically Luminous z ≳ 10 Galaxy Candidates Test Early Stellar Mass AssemblyCaitlin M. Casey0https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0930-6466Hollis B. Akins1https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3596-8794Marko Shuntov2https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7087-0701Olivier Ilbert3https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7303-4397Louise Paquereau4https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2397-0360Maximilien Franco5https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3560-8599Christopher C. Hayward6https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4073-3236Steven L. Finkelstein7https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8519-1130Michael Boylan-Kolchin8https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9604-343XBrant E. Robertson9https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4271-0364Natalie Allen10https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9610-7950Malte Brinch11https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0245-6365Olivia R. Cooper12https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3881-1397Xuheng Ding13https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0786-7307Nicole E. Drakos14https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4761-2197Andreas L. Faisst15https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9382-9832Seiji Fujimoto16https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7201-5066Steven Gillman17https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9885-4589Santosh Harish18https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0129-2079Michaela Hirschmann19https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3301-3321Shuowen Jin20https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8412-7951Jeyhan S. Kartaltepe21https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9187-3605Anton M. Koekemoer22https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6610-2048Vasily Kokorev23https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5588-9156Daizhong Liu24https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9773-7479Arianna S. Long25https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7530-8857Georgios Magdis26https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4872-2294Claudia Maraston27https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7711-3677Crystal L. Martin28https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9189-7818Henry Joy McCracken29https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9489-7765Jed McKinney30https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6149-8178Bahram Mobasher31https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5846-4404Jason Rhodes32https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4485-8549R. Michael Rich33https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0427-8387David B. Sanders34https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1233-9998John D. Silverman35https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0000-6977Sune Toft36https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3631-7176Aswin P. Vijayan37https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1905-4194John R. Weaver38https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1614-196XStephen M. Wilkins39https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3903-6935Lilan Yang40https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8434-880XJorge A. Zavala41https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7051-1100The University of Texas at Austin , 2515 Speedway Boulevard, Stop C1400, Austin, TX 78712, USA ; cmcasey@utexas.edu; Cosmic Dawn Center (DAWN) , DenmarkThe University of Texas at Austin , 2515 Speedway Boulevard, Stop C1400, Austin, TX 78712, USA ; cmcasey@utexas.eduCosmic Dawn Center (DAWN) , Denmark; Niels Bohr Institute, University of Copenhagen , Jagtvej 128, DK-2200 Copenhagen, DenmarkAix Marseille Université , CNRS, CNES, LAM, Marseille, FranceInstitut d’Astrophysique de Paris, UMR 7095, CNRS and Sorbonne Université , 98 bis boulevard Arago, F-75014 Paris, FranceThe University of Texas at Austin , 2515 Speedway Boulevard, Stop C1400, Austin, TX 78712, USA ; cmcasey@utexas.eduCenter for Computational Astrophysics, Flatiron Institute , 162 Fifth Avenue, New York, NY 10010, USAThe University of Texas at Austin , 2515 Speedway Boulevard, Stop C1400, Austin, TX 78712, USA ; cmcasey@utexas.eduThe University of Texas at Austin , 2515 Speedway Boulevard, Stop C1400, Austin, TX 78712, USA ; cmcasey@utexas.eduDepartment of Astronomy and Astrophysics, University of California , Santa Cruz, 1156 High Street, Santa Cruz, CA 95064, USACosmic Dawn Center (DAWN) , Denmark; Niels Bohr Institute, University of Copenhagen , Jagtvej 128, DK-2200 Copenhagen, DenmarkCosmic Dawn Center (DAWN) , Denmark; DTU-Space, National Space Institute, Technical University of Denmark , Elektrovej 327, 2800 Kgs, Lyngby, DenmarkThe University of Texas at Austin , 2515 Speedway Boulevard, Stop C1400, Austin, TX 78712, USA ; cmcasey@utexas.eduKavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe (WPI), The University of Tokyo , Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8583, JapanDepartment of Astronomy and Astrophysics, University of California , Santa Cruz, 1156 High Street, Santa Cruz, CA 95064, USACaltech/IPAC , MS 314-6, 1200 E. California Boulevard, Pasadena, CA 91125, USAThe University of Texas at Austin , 2515 Speedway Boulevard, Stop C1400, Austin, TX 78712, USA ; cmcasey@utexas.eduCosmic Dawn Center (DAWN) , Denmark; DTU-Space, National Space Institute, Technical University of Denmark , Elektrovej 327, 2800 Kgs, Lyngby, DenmarkLaboratory for Multiwavelength Astrophysics, School of Physics and Astronomy , Rochester Institute of Technology, 84 Lomb Memorial Drive, Rochester, NY 14623, USAInstitute of Physics, GalSpec, Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne , Observatoire de Sauverny, Chemin Pegasi 51, 1290 Versoix, Switzerland; INAF , Astronomical Observatory of Trieste, Via Tiepolo 11, 34131 Trieste, ItalyCosmic Dawn Center (DAWN) , Denmark; DTU-Space, National Space Institute, Technical University of Denmark , Elektrovej 327, 2800 Kgs, Lyngby, DenmarkLaboratory for Multiwavelength Astrophysics, School of Physics and Astronomy , Rochester Institute of Technology, 84 Lomb Memorial Drive, Rochester, NY 14623, USASpace Telescope Science Institute , 3700 San Martin Drive, Baltimore, MD 21218, USAKapteyn Astronomical Institute, University of Groningen , PO Box 800, 9700 AV Groningen, The NetherlandsMax-Planck-Institut für Extraterrestrische Physik (MPE) , Giessenbachstr. 1, D-85748 Garching, GermanyThe University of Texas at Austin , 2515 Speedway Boulevard, Stop C1400, Austin, TX 78712, USA ; cmcasey@utexas.eduCosmic Dawn Center (DAWN) , Denmark; Niels Bohr Institute, University of Copenhagen , Jagtvej 128, DK-2200 Copenhagen, Denmark; DTU-Space, National Space Institute, Technical University of Denmark , Elektrovej 327, 2800 Kgs, Lyngby, DenmarkInstitute of Cosmology and Gravitation, University of Portsmouth , Dennis Sciama Building, Burnaby Road, Portsmouth PO1 3FX, UKDepartment of Physics, University of California Santa Barbara , Santa Barbara, CA 93109, USAInstitut d’Astrophysique de Paris, UMR 7095, CNRS and Sorbonne Université , 98 bis boulevard Arago, F-75014 Paris, FranceThe University of Texas at Austin , 2515 Speedway Boulevard, Stop C1400, Austin, TX 78712, USA ; cmcasey@utexas.eduDepartment of Physics and Astronomy, University of California Riverside , 900 University Avenue, Riverside, CA 92521, USAJet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology , 4800 Oak Grove Drive, Pasadena, CA 91001, USADepartment of Physics and Astronomy, University of California Los Angeles , PAB 430 Portola Plaza, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USAInstitute for Astronomy, University of Hawai’i at Manoa , 2680 Woodlawn Drive, Honolulu, HI 96822, USAKavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe (WPI), The University of Tokyo , Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8583, Japan; Department of Astronomy, School of Science, The University of Tokyo , 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo, Tokyo 113-0033, JapanCosmic Dawn Center (DAWN) , Denmark; Niels Bohr Institute, University of Copenhagen , Jagtvej 128, DK-2200 Copenhagen, DenmarkCosmic Dawn Center (DAWN) , Denmark; DTU-Space, National Space Institute, Technical University of Denmark , Elektrovej 327, 2800 Kgs, Lyngby, DenmarkDepartment of Astronomy, University of Massachusetts , Amherst, MA 01003, USAAstronomy Centre, University of Sussex , Falmer, Brighton BN1 9QH, UK; Institute of Space Sciences and Astronomy, University of Malta , Msida MSD 2080, MaltaKavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe (WPI), The University of Tokyo , Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8583, JapanNational Astronomical Observatory of Japan , 2-21-1 Osawa, Mitaka, Tokyo 181-8588, JapanWe report the discovery of 15 exceptionally luminous 10 ≲ z ≲ 14 candidate galaxies discovered in the first 0.28 deg ^2 of JWST/NIRCam imaging from the COSMOS-Web survey. These sources span rest-frame UV magnitudes of −20.5 > M _UV > −22, and thus constitute the most intrinsically luminous z ≳ 10 candidates identified by JWST to date. Selected via NIRCam imaging, deep ground-based observations corroborate their detection and help significantly constrain their photometric redshifts. We analyze their spectral energy distributions using multiple open-source codes and evaluate the probability of low-redshift solutions; we conclude that 12/15 (80%) are likely genuine z ≳ 10 sources and 3/15 (20%) likely low-redshift contaminants. Three of our z ∼ 12 candidates push the limits of early stellar mass assembly: they have estimated stellar masses ∼ 5 × 10 ^9 M _⊙ , implying an effective stellar baryon fraction of ϵ _⋆ ∼ 0.2−0.5, where ϵ _⋆ ≡ M _⋆ /( f _b M _halo ). The assembly of such stellar reservoirs is made possible due to rapid, burst-driven star formation on timescales < 100 Myr where the star formation rate may far outpace the growth of the underlying dark matter halos. This is supported by the similar volume densities inferred for M _⋆ ∼ 10 ^10 M _⊙ galaxies relative to M _⋆ ∼ 10 ^9 M _⊙ —both about 10 ^−6 Mpc ^−3 —implying they live in halos of comparable mass. At such high redshifts, the duty cycle for starbursts would be of order unity, which could cause the observed change in the shape of the UV luminosity function from a double power law to a Schechter function at z ≈ 8. Spectroscopic redshift confirmation and ensuing constraints of their masses will be critical to understand how, and if, such early massive galaxies push the limits of galaxy formation in the Lambda cold dark matter paradigm.https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ad2075ReionizationHigh-redshift galaxiesRedshift surveysLyman-break galaxies |
| spellingShingle | Caitlin M. Casey Hollis B. Akins Marko Shuntov Olivier Ilbert Louise Paquereau Maximilien Franco Christopher C. Hayward Steven L. Finkelstein Michael Boylan-Kolchin Brant E. Robertson Natalie Allen Malte Brinch Olivia R. Cooper Xuheng Ding Nicole E. Drakos Andreas L. Faisst Seiji Fujimoto Steven Gillman Santosh Harish Michaela Hirschmann Shuowen Jin Jeyhan S. Kartaltepe Anton M. Koekemoer Vasily Kokorev Daizhong Liu Arianna S. Long Georgios Magdis Claudia Maraston Crystal L. Martin Henry Joy McCracken Jed McKinney Bahram Mobasher Jason Rhodes R. Michael Rich David B. Sanders John D. Silverman Sune Toft Aswin P. Vijayan John R. Weaver Stephen M. Wilkins Lilan Yang Jorge A. Zavala COSMOS-Web: Intrinsically Luminous z ≳ 10 Galaxy Candidates Test Early Stellar Mass Assembly The Astrophysical Journal Reionization High-redshift galaxies Redshift surveys Lyman-break galaxies |
| title | COSMOS-Web: Intrinsically Luminous z ≳ 10 Galaxy Candidates Test Early Stellar Mass Assembly |
| title_full | COSMOS-Web: Intrinsically Luminous z ≳ 10 Galaxy Candidates Test Early Stellar Mass Assembly |
| title_fullStr | COSMOS-Web: Intrinsically Luminous z ≳ 10 Galaxy Candidates Test Early Stellar Mass Assembly |
| title_full_unstemmed | COSMOS-Web: Intrinsically Luminous z ≳ 10 Galaxy Candidates Test Early Stellar Mass Assembly |
| title_short | COSMOS-Web: Intrinsically Luminous z ≳ 10 Galaxy Candidates Test Early Stellar Mass Assembly |
| title_sort | cosmos web intrinsically luminous z ≳ 10 galaxy candidates test early stellar mass assembly |
| topic | Reionization High-redshift galaxies Redshift surveys Lyman-break galaxies |
| url | https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ad2075 |
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