Addition of immune checkpoint inhibitors to chemotherapy versus chemotherapy alone in patients with triple‐negative breast cancer: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Abstract Background Triple‐negative breast cancer (TNBC) is a relatively common malignant tumor with high mortality rates. There are limited treatment options and current therapy regimens often fall short of providing positive outcomes. The development of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have pro...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Wiley
2023-12-01
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| Series: | Cancer Medicine |
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1002/cam4.6760 |
| _version_ | 1797371879507361792 |
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| author | Xin Gao Ying Zhu Peipei Wang Lulin Yu Shanming Ruan Minhe Shen Kai Zhang |
| author_facet | Xin Gao Ying Zhu Peipei Wang Lulin Yu Shanming Ruan Minhe Shen Kai Zhang |
| author_sort | Xin Gao |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Background Triple‐negative breast cancer (TNBC) is a relatively common malignant tumor with high mortality rates. There are limited treatment options and current therapy regimens often fall short of providing positive outcomes. The development of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have provided a vital treatment option although efficacy has varied. Here, we review patient response to current TNBC treatment with and without the addition of ICIs. Methods A systematic search of PubMed, Cochrane, and EMBASE library databases was done to search eligible studies published from their inception through April 3, 2022. The primary outcome indicators used were progression‐free survival (PFS), overall survival (OS), pathological complete response rate (pCR) and objective remission rate (ORR), while adverse events (AEs) were also analyzed. Publication bias and sensitivity analyses and were performed to evaluate the quality of assessment. Results Overall, the meta‐analysis looked at seven randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that included 4631 patients with TNBC. Results showed an improvement in PFS for patients receiving ICI in addition to chemotherapy (CT) in both the intent‐to‐treat (ITT) population and PD‐L1 positive patients. Increased pCR rates were observed in all patients irrespective of PD‐L1 status as well as increased ORR in the ITT which was more notable in PD‐L1 positive subjects. While significant improvement in OS was observed only in PD‐L1 positive individuals, the use of ICIs plus CT resulted in severe adverse reactions, specifically immune‐related. Conclusions This study supports the increased efficacy of ICIs in combination with CT compared to CT alone in patients with TNBC, with the most notable benefit observed in PD‐L1 positive patients. However, combination therapy increases the risk of adverse reactions which warrants further investigation. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-08T18:28:17Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-02cd8719120941d6a245415d5398ca6f |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2045-7634 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-08T18:28:17Z |
| publishDate | 2023-12-01 |
| publisher | Wiley |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Cancer Medicine |
| spelling | doaj.art-02cd8719120941d6a245415d5398ca6f2023-12-30T08:53:25ZengWileyCancer Medicine2045-76342023-12-011224218732188410.1002/cam4.6760Addition of immune checkpoint inhibitors to chemotherapy versus chemotherapy alone in patients with triple‐negative breast cancer: A systematic review and meta‐analysisXin Gao0Ying Zhu1Peipei Wang2Lulin Yu3Shanming Ruan4Minhe Shen5Kai Zhang6The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University (Zhejiang Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine) Hangzhou Zhejiang ChinaThe First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University (Zhejiang Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine) Hangzhou Zhejiang ChinaThe First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University (Zhejiang Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine) Hangzhou Zhejiang ChinaThe First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University (Zhejiang Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine) Hangzhou Zhejiang ChinaThe First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University (Zhejiang Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine) Hangzhou Zhejiang ChinaThe First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University (Zhejiang Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine) Hangzhou Zhejiang ChinaThe First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University (Zhejiang Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine) Hangzhou Zhejiang ChinaAbstract Background Triple‐negative breast cancer (TNBC) is a relatively common malignant tumor with high mortality rates. There are limited treatment options and current therapy regimens often fall short of providing positive outcomes. The development of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have provided a vital treatment option although efficacy has varied. Here, we review patient response to current TNBC treatment with and without the addition of ICIs. Methods A systematic search of PubMed, Cochrane, and EMBASE library databases was done to search eligible studies published from their inception through April 3, 2022. The primary outcome indicators used were progression‐free survival (PFS), overall survival (OS), pathological complete response rate (pCR) and objective remission rate (ORR), while adverse events (AEs) were also analyzed. Publication bias and sensitivity analyses and were performed to evaluate the quality of assessment. Results Overall, the meta‐analysis looked at seven randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that included 4631 patients with TNBC. Results showed an improvement in PFS for patients receiving ICI in addition to chemotherapy (CT) in both the intent‐to‐treat (ITT) population and PD‐L1 positive patients. Increased pCR rates were observed in all patients irrespective of PD‐L1 status as well as increased ORR in the ITT which was more notable in PD‐L1 positive subjects. While significant improvement in OS was observed only in PD‐L1 positive individuals, the use of ICIs plus CT resulted in severe adverse reactions, specifically immune‐related. Conclusions This study supports the increased efficacy of ICIs in combination with CT compared to CT alone in patients with TNBC, with the most notable benefit observed in PD‐L1 positive patients. However, combination therapy increases the risk of adverse reactions which warrants further investigation.https://doi.org/10.1002/cam4.6760drug therapyefficacyimmune checkpoint inhibitorstriple‐negative breast cancer |
| spellingShingle | Xin Gao Ying Zhu Peipei Wang Lulin Yu Shanming Ruan Minhe Shen Kai Zhang Addition of immune checkpoint inhibitors to chemotherapy versus chemotherapy alone in patients with triple‐negative breast cancer: A systematic review and meta‐analysis Cancer Medicine drug therapy efficacy immune checkpoint inhibitors triple‐negative breast cancer |
| title | Addition of immune checkpoint inhibitors to chemotherapy versus chemotherapy alone in patients with triple‐negative breast cancer: A systematic review and meta‐analysis |
| title_full | Addition of immune checkpoint inhibitors to chemotherapy versus chemotherapy alone in patients with triple‐negative breast cancer: A systematic review and meta‐analysis |
| title_fullStr | Addition of immune checkpoint inhibitors to chemotherapy versus chemotherapy alone in patients with triple‐negative breast cancer: A systematic review and meta‐analysis |
| title_full_unstemmed | Addition of immune checkpoint inhibitors to chemotherapy versus chemotherapy alone in patients with triple‐negative breast cancer: A systematic review and meta‐analysis |
| title_short | Addition of immune checkpoint inhibitors to chemotherapy versus chemotherapy alone in patients with triple‐negative breast cancer: A systematic review and meta‐analysis |
| title_sort | addition of immune checkpoint inhibitors to chemotherapy versus chemotherapy alone in patients with triple negative breast cancer a systematic review and meta analysis |
| topic | drug therapy efficacy immune checkpoint inhibitors triple‐negative breast cancer |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1002/cam4.6760 |
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