Graphene-Binding Peptide in Fusion with SARS-CoV-2 Antigen for Electrochemical Immunosensor Construction
The development of immunosensors to detect antibodies or antigens has stood out in the face of traditional methods for diagnosing emerging diseases such as the one caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus. The present study reports the construction of a simplified electrochemical immunosensor using a graphene...
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MDPI AG
2022-10-01
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| Series: | Biosensors |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2079-6374/12/10/885 |
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| author | Beatriz A. Braz Manuel Hospinal-Santiani Gustavo Martins Cristian S. Pinto Aldo J. G. Zarbin Breno C. B. Beirão Vanete Thomaz-Soccol Márcio F. Bergamini Luiz H. Marcolino-Junior Carlos R. Soccol |
| author_facet | Beatriz A. Braz Manuel Hospinal-Santiani Gustavo Martins Cristian S. Pinto Aldo J. G. Zarbin Breno C. B. Beirão Vanete Thomaz-Soccol Márcio F. Bergamini Luiz H. Marcolino-Junior Carlos R. Soccol |
| author_sort | Beatriz A. Braz |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The development of immunosensors to detect antibodies or antigens has stood out in the face of traditional methods for diagnosing emerging diseases such as the one caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus. The present study reports the construction of a simplified electrochemical immunosensor using a graphene-binding peptide applied as a recognition site to detect SARS-CoV-2 antibodies. A screen-printed electrode was used for sensor preparation by adding a solution of peptide and reduced graphene oxide (rGO). The peptide-rGO suspension was characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Raman spectroscopy, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR). The electrochemical characterization (electrochemical impedance spectroscopy—EIS, cyclic voltammetry—CV and differential pulse voltammetry—DPV) was performed on the modified electrode. The immunosensor response is based on the decrease in the faradaic signal of an electrochemical probe resulting from immunocomplex formation. Using the best set of experimental conditions, the analytic curve obtained showed a good linear regression (r<sup>2</sup> = 0.913) and a limit of detection (LOD) of 0.77 μg mL<sup>−1</sup> for antibody detection. The CV and EIS results proved the efficiency of device assembly. The high selectivity of the platform, which can be attributed to the peptide, was demonstrated by the decrease in the current percentage for samples with antibody against the SARS-CoV-2 S protein and the increase in the other antibodies tested. Additionally, the DPV measurements showed a clearly distinguishable response in assays against human serum samples, with sera with a response above 95% being considered negative, whereas responses below this value were considered positive. The diagnostic platform developed with specific peptides is promising and has the potential for application in the diagnosis of other infections that lead to high antibody titers. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T20:35:33Z |
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| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2079-6374 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T20:35:33Z |
| publishDate | 2022-10-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
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| series | Biosensors |
| spelling | doaj.art-02d6bb8bdb3948e8bdc4a53f386d14de2023-11-23T23:12:12ZengMDPI AGBiosensors2079-63742022-10-01121088510.3390/bios12100885Graphene-Binding Peptide in Fusion with SARS-CoV-2 Antigen for Electrochemical Immunosensor ConstructionBeatriz A. Braz0Manuel Hospinal-Santiani1Gustavo Martins2Cristian S. Pinto3Aldo J. G. Zarbin4Breno C. B. Beirão5Vanete Thomaz-Soccol6Márcio F. Bergamini7Luiz H. Marcolino-Junior8Carlos R. Soccol9Molecular Biology Laboratory, Graduate Program in Bioprocess Engineering and Biotechnology, Federal University of Paraná (UFPR), Curitiba 81531-980, PR, BrazilMolecular Biology Laboratory, Graduate Program in Bioprocess Engineering and Biotechnology, Federal University of Paraná (UFPR), Curitiba 81531-980, PR, BrazilLaboratory of Electrochemical Sensors (LabSensE), Department of Chemistry, Federal University of Paraná (UFPR), Curitiba 81531-980, PR, BrazilMaterials Chemistry Group (GQM), Department of Chemistry, Federal University of Paraná (UFPR), Curitiba 81531-980, PR, BrazilMaterials Chemistry Group (GQM), Department of Chemistry, Federal University of Paraná (UFPR), Curitiba 81531-980, PR, BrazilGraduate Program in Microbiology, Parasitology, and Pathology, Federal University of Paraná (UFPR), Curitiba 81531-980, PR, BrazilMolecular Biology Laboratory, Graduate Program in Bioprocess Engineering and Biotechnology, Federal University of Paraná (UFPR), Curitiba 81531-980, PR, BrazilLaboratory of Electrochemical Sensors (LabSensE), Department of Chemistry, Federal University of Paraná (UFPR), Curitiba 81531-980, PR, BrazilLaboratory of Electrochemical Sensors (LabSensE), Department of Chemistry, Federal University of Paraná (UFPR), Curitiba 81531-980, PR, BrazilMolecular Biology Laboratory, Graduate Program in Bioprocess Engineering and Biotechnology, Federal University of Paraná (UFPR), Curitiba 81531-980, PR, BrazilThe development of immunosensors to detect antibodies or antigens has stood out in the face of traditional methods for diagnosing emerging diseases such as the one caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus. The present study reports the construction of a simplified electrochemical immunosensor using a graphene-binding peptide applied as a recognition site to detect SARS-CoV-2 antibodies. A screen-printed electrode was used for sensor preparation by adding a solution of peptide and reduced graphene oxide (rGO). The peptide-rGO suspension was characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Raman spectroscopy, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR). The electrochemical characterization (electrochemical impedance spectroscopy—EIS, cyclic voltammetry—CV and differential pulse voltammetry—DPV) was performed on the modified electrode. The immunosensor response is based on the decrease in the faradaic signal of an electrochemical probe resulting from immunocomplex formation. Using the best set of experimental conditions, the analytic curve obtained showed a good linear regression (r<sup>2</sup> = 0.913) and a limit of detection (LOD) of 0.77 μg mL<sup>−1</sup> for antibody detection. The CV and EIS results proved the efficiency of device assembly. The high selectivity of the platform, which can be attributed to the peptide, was demonstrated by the decrease in the current percentage for samples with antibody against the SARS-CoV-2 S protein and the increase in the other antibodies tested. Additionally, the DPV measurements showed a clearly distinguishable response in assays against human serum samples, with sera with a response above 95% being considered negative, whereas responses below this value were considered positive. The diagnostic platform developed with specific peptides is promising and has the potential for application in the diagnosis of other infections that lead to high antibody titers.https://www.mdpi.com/2079-6374/12/10/885electrochemical immunosensorsolid-binding peptide (SBP)grapheneSARS-CoV-2 |
| spellingShingle | Beatriz A. Braz Manuel Hospinal-Santiani Gustavo Martins Cristian S. Pinto Aldo J. G. Zarbin Breno C. B. Beirão Vanete Thomaz-Soccol Márcio F. Bergamini Luiz H. Marcolino-Junior Carlos R. Soccol Graphene-Binding Peptide in Fusion with SARS-CoV-2 Antigen for Electrochemical Immunosensor Construction Biosensors electrochemical immunosensor solid-binding peptide (SBP) graphene SARS-CoV-2 |
| title | Graphene-Binding Peptide in Fusion with SARS-CoV-2 Antigen for Electrochemical Immunosensor Construction |
| title_full | Graphene-Binding Peptide in Fusion with SARS-CoV-2 Antigen for Electrochemical Immunosensor Construction |
| title_fullStr | Graphene-Binding Peptide in Fusion with SARS-CoV-2 Antigen for Electrochemical Immunosensor Construction |
| title_full_unstemmed | Graphene-Binding Peptide in Fusion with SARS-CoV-2 Antigen for Electrochemical Immunosensor Construction |
| title_short | Graphene-Binding Peptide in Fusion with SARS-CoV-2 Antigen for Electrochemical Immunosensor Construction |
| title_sort | graphene binding peptide in fusion with sars cov 2 antigen for electrochemical immunosensor construction |
| topic | electrochemical immunosensor solid-binding peptide (SBP) graphene SARS-CoV-2 |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2079-6374/12/10/885 |
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