The Friction of Radially Loaded Hybrid Spindle Bearings under High Speeds
Friction losses are an important parameter for evaluating the operational behaviour of high-speed rolling bearings. Specifically, in machine tool applications, the bearings are subjected to high radial loads and high speeds, which lead to increased forces in the rolling contact and, as a result, inc...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2023-06-01
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| Series: | Machines |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2075-1702/11/6/649 |
| _version_ | 1797593759530090496 |
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| author | Marcus Gärtner Christian Brecher Stephan Neus Hans-Martin Eckel Andreas Bartelt Maik Hoppert Mohammad Reza Ilkhani |
| author_facet | Marcus Gärtner Christian Brecher Stephan Neus Hans-Martin Eckel Andreas Bartelt Maik Hoppert Mohammad Reza Ilkhani |
| author_sort | Marcus Gärtner |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Friction losses are an important parameter for evaluating the operational behaviour of high-speed rolling bearings. Specifically, in machine tool applications, the bearings are subjected to high radial loads and high speeds, which lead to increased forces in the rolling contact and, as a result, increased bearing friction. In this high-speed application, hybrid spindle bearings, typically made of ceramic balls and steel raceways, show better frictional behaviour compared to full steel-made bearings. Therefore, precise knowledge of the friction characteristics of high-speed hybrid bearings can improve friction models and generalise them to spindle bearings with different types, geometries, and operating conditions. In this article, a new straightforward and cost-efficient method for measuring the frictional torque in spindle bearings is presented. A rigidly arranged 7008 hybrid spindle bearing pair was tested up to rotational speeds of 24,000 rpm and high radial loads of 3 kN. The effects of oil–air and grease lubrication are discussed in characteristic diagrams of the tested bearings. Then, based on the test results, a friction calculation model is presented and validated for the outer race control and minimised power dissipation regarding the influence of radial forces. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T02:13:05Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-032250a0a9104470a2eb8047c6851076 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2075-1702 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T02:13:05Z |
| publishDate | 2023-06-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Machines |
| spelling | doaj.art-032250a0a9104470a2eb8047c68510762023-11-18T11:21:06ZengMDPI AGMachines2075-17022023-06-0111664910.3390/machines11060649The Friction of Radially Loaded Hybrid Spindle Bearings under High SpeedsMarcus Gärtner0Christian Brecher1Stephan Neus2Hans-Martin Eckel3Andreas Bartelt4Maik Hoppert5Mohammad Reza Ilkhani6Laboratory for Machine Tools and Production Engineering (WZL) of RWTH Aachen University, Campus-Boulevard 30, 52074 Aachen, GermanyLaboratory for Machine Tools and Production Engineering (WZL) of RWTH Aachen University, Campus-Boulevard 30, 52074 Aachen, GermanyLaboratory for Machine Tools and Production Engineering (WZL) of RWTH Aachen University, Campus-Boulevard 30, 52074 Aachen, GermanyLaboratory for Machine Tools and Production Engineering (WZL) of RWTH Aachen University, Campus-Boulevard 30, 52074 Aachen, GermanyLaboratory for Machine Tools and Production Engineering (WZL) of RWTH Aachen University, Campus-Boulevard 30, 52074 Aachen, GermanyMSC.Software GmbH, Hexagon Company, Parkring 3, 85748 Garching, GermanyPower Electronics and Machines Centre (PEMC), Engineering Department, University of Nottingham, Jubilee Campus, Nottingham NG7 2GT, UKFriction losses are an important parameter for evaluating the operational behaviour of high-speed rolling bearings. Specifically, in machine tool applications, the bearings are subjected to high radial loads and high speeds, which lead to increased forces in the rolling contact and, as a result, increased bearing friction. In this high-speed application, hybrid spindle bearings, typically made of ceramic balls and steel raceways, show better frictional behaviour compared to full steel-made bearings. Therefore, precise knowledge of the friction characteristics of high-speed hybrid bearings can improve friction models and generalise them to spindle bearings with different types, geometries, and operating conditions. In this article, a new straightforward and cost-efficient method for measuring the frictional torque in spindle bearings is presented. A rigidly arranged 7008 hybrid spindle bearing pair was tested up to rotational speeds of 24,000 rpm and high radial loads of 3 kN. The effects of oil–air and grease lubrication are discussed in characteristic diagrams of the tested bearings. Then, based on the test results, a friction calculation model is presented and validated for the outer race control and minimised power dissipation regarding the influence of radial forces.https://www.mdpi.com/2075-1702/11/6/649hybrid spindle bearingsradial loadgenerator test riglubricationhigh-speedmachine tool |
| spellingShingle | Marcus Gärtner Christian Brecher Stephan Neus Hans-Martin Eckel Andreas Bartelt Maik Hoppert Mohammad Reza Ilkhani The Friction of Radially Loaded Hybrid Spindle Bearings under High Speeds Machines hybrid spindle bearings radial load generator test rig lubrication high-speed machine tool |
| title | The Friction of Radially Loaded Hybrid Spindle Bearings under High Speeds |
| title_full | The Friction of Radially Loaded Hybrid Spindle Bearings under High Speeds |
| title_fullStr | The Friction of Radially Loaded Hybrid Spindle Bearings under High Speeds |
| title_full_unstemmed | The Friction of Radially Loaded Hybrid Spindle Bearings under High Speeds |
| title_short | The Friction of Radially Loaded Hybrid Spindle Bearings under High Speeds |
| title_sort | friction of radially loaded hybrid spindle bearings under high speeds |
| topic | hybrid spindle bearings radial load generator test rig lubrication high-speed machine tool |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2075-1702/11/6/649 |
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