Combining Cancer Vaccines with Immunotherapy: Establishing a New Immunological Approach
Therapeutic cancer vaccines have become increasingly qualified for use in personalized cancer immunotherapy. A deeper understanding of tumor immunology and novel antigen delivery technologies has assisted in optimizing vaccine design. Therapeutic cancer vaccines aim to establish long-lasting immunol...
| Main Authors: | , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2021-07-01
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| Series: | International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/22/15/8035 |
| _version_ | 1797525489524408320 |
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| author | Chang-Gon Kim Yun-Beom Sang Ji-Hyun Lee Hong-Jae Chon |
| author_facet | Chang-Gon Kim Yun-Beom Sang Ji-Hyun Lee Hong-Jae Chon |
| author_sort | Chang-Gon Kim |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Therapeutic cancer vaccines have become increasingly qualified for use in personalized cancer immunotherapy. A deeper understanding of tumor immunology and novel antigen delivery technologies has assisted in optimizing vaccine design. Therapeutic cancer vaccines aim to establish long-lasting immunological memory against tumor cells, thereby leading to effective tumor regression and minimizing non-specific or adverse events. However, due to several resistance mechanisms, significant challenges remain to be solved in order to achieve these goals. In this review, we describe our current understanding with respect to the use of the antigen repertoire in vaccine platform development. We also summarize various intrinsic and extrinsic resistance mechanisms behind the failure of cancer vaccine development in the past. Finally, we suggest a strategy that combines immune checkpoint inhibitors to enhance the efficacy of cancer vaccines. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T09:14:35Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-0323d18331ad4ff8a134187405ea0729 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1661-6596 1422-0067 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T09:14:35Z |
| publishDate | 2021-07-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
| spelling | doaj.art-0323d18331ad4ff8a134187405ea07292023-11-22T05:42:15ZengMDPI AGInternational Journal of Molecular Sciences1661-65961422-00672021-07-012215803510.3390/ijms22158035Combining Cancer Vaccines with Immunotherapy: Establishing a New Immunological ApproachChang-Gon Kim0Yun-Beom Sang1Ji-Hyun Lee2Hong-Jae Chon3Yonsei Cancer Center, Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Medical Oncology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, KoreaCHA Bundang Medical Center, Medical Oncology, CHA University School of Medicine, Seongnam 13497, KoreaYonsei Cancer Center, Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Medical Oncology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, KoreaCHA Bundang Medical Center, Medical Oncology, CHA University School of Medicine, Seongnam 13497, KoreaTherapeutic cancer vaccines have become increasingly qualified for use in personalized cancer immunotherapy. A deeper understanding of tumor immunology and novel antigen delivery technologies has assisted in optimizing vaccine design. Therapeutic cancer vaccines aim to establish long-lasting immunological memory against tumor cells, thereby leading to effective tumor regression and minimizing non-specific or adverse events. However, due to several resistance mechanisms, significant challenges remain to be solved in order to achieve these goals. In this review, we describe our current understanding with respect to the use of the antigen repertoire in vaccine platform development. We also summarize various intrinsic and extrinsic resistance mechanisms behind the failure of cancer vaccine development in the past. Finally, we suggest a strategy that combines immune checkpoint inhibitors to enhance the efficacy of cancer vaccines.https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/22/15/8035therapeutic cancer vaccinecombination immunotherapyimmune checkpoint inhibitortumor microenvironment |
| spellingShingle | Chang-Gon Kim Yun-Beom Sang Ji-Hyun Lee Hong-Jae Chon Combining Cancer Vaccines with Immunotherapy: Establishing a New Immunological Approach International Journal of Molecular Sciences therapeutic cancer vaccine combination immunotherapy immune checkpoint inhibitor tumor microenvironment |
| title | Combining Cancer Vaccines with Immunotherapy: Establishing a New Immunological Approach |
| title_full | Combining Cancer Vaccines with Immunotherapy: Establishing a New Immunological Approach |
| title_fullStr | Combining Cancer Vaccines with Immunotherapy: Establishing a New Immunological Approach |
| title_full_unstemmed | Combining Cancer Vaccines with Immunotherapy: Establishing a New Immunological Approach |
| title_short | Combining Cancer Vaccines with Immunotherapy: Establishing a New Immunological Approach |
| title_sort | combining cancer vaccines with immunotherapy establishing a new immunological approach |
| topic | therapeutic cancer vaccine combination immunotherapy immune checkpoint inhibitor tumor microenvironment |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/22/15/8035 |
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