Eosinophil-Derived Neurotoxin, Tumor Necrosis Factor Alpha, and Calprotectin as Non-Invasive Biomarkers of Food Protein-Induced Allergic Proctocolitis in Infants
Diagnosis of non-IgE mediated food allergy presents a special challenge due to lack of a single, non-invasive diagnostic method. We selected three fecal biomarkers of allergic inflammation of gastrointestinal origin in order to improve the diagnostic process. Twenty-seven infants with symptoms of he...
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MDPI AG
2020-09-01
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| Series: | Journal of Clinical Medicine |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0383/9/10/3147 |
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| author | Artur Rycyk Beata Cudowska Dariusz M. Lebensztejn |
| author_facet | Artur Rycyk Beata Cudowska Dariusz M. Lebensztejn |
| author_sort | Artur Rycyk |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Diagnosis of non-IgE mediated food allergy presents a special challenge due to lack of a single, non-invasive diagnostic method. We selected three fecal biomarkers of allergic inflammation of gastrointestinal origin in order to improve the diagnostic process. Twenty-seven infants with symptoms of hematochezia were prospectively enrolled into this study. All patients underwent a complete differential diagnosis of rectal bleeding. Non-IgE mediated food allergy was confirmed by an open, oral food challenge. The control group included twenty-five infants with functional gastrointestinal disorders. Eosinophil-derived neurotoxin (EDN), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFα), and calprotectin concentration were measured in stools of all children by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA) using commercial kits. Median eosinophil-derived neurotoxin and calprotectin fecal levels were significantly higher in the study group than in the control group (<i>p</i> < 0.05). The difference of fecal tumor necrosis factor alpha concentration between both groups was not statistically significant (<i>p</i> > 0.05). The best diagnostic performance was reached in a combination of fecal calprotectin (fCal) and EDN i.e., 88.9% and 84%, respectively. Fecal EDN and fCAl are reliable tools in differentiating between food protein-induced allergic proctocolitis and gastrointestinal functional disorders in infants. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T15:58:26Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-0338641fdfd440cb8508c6f5fd254717 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2077-0383 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T15:58:26Z |
| publishDate | 2020-09-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Clinical Medicine |
| spelling | doaj.art-0338641fdfd440cb8508c6f5fd2547172023-11-20T15:28:53ZengMDPI AGJournal of Clinical Medicine2077-03832020-09-01910314710.3390/jcm9103147Eosinophil-Derived Neurotoxin, Tumor Necrosis Factor Alpha, and Calprotectin as Non-Invasive Biomarkers of Food Protein-Induced Allergic Proctocolitis in InfantsArtur Rycyk0Beata Cudowska1Dariusz M. Lebensztejn2Department of Pediatrics, Gastroenterology, Hepatology, Nutrition and Allergology, Medical University of Bialystok, 15-089 Bialystok, PolandDepartment of Pediatrics, Gastroenterology, Hepatology, Nutrition and Allergology, Medical University of Bialystok, 15-089 Bialystok, PolandDepartment of Pediatrics, Gastroenterology, Hepatology, Nutrition and Allergology, Medical University of Bialystok, 15-089 Bialystok, PolandDiagnosis of non-IgE mediated food allergy presents a special challenge due to lack of a single, non-invasive diagnostic method. We selected three fecal biomarkers of allergic inflammation of gastrointestinal origin in order to improve the diagnostic process. Twenty-seven infants with symptoms of hematochezia were prospectively enrolled into this study. All patients underwent a complete differential diagnosis of rectal bleeding. Non-IgE mediated food allergy was confirmed by an open, oral food challenge. The control group included twenty-five infants with functional gastrointestinal disorders. Eosinophil-derived neurotoxin (EDN), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFα), and calprotectin concentration were measured in stools of all children by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA) using commercial kits. Median eosinophil-derived neurotoxin and calprotectin fecal levels were significantly higher in the study group than in the control group (<i>p</i> < 0.05). The difference of fecal tumor necrosis factor alpha concentration between both groups was not statistically significant (<i>p</i> > 0.05). The best diagnostic performance was reached in a combination of fecal calprotectin (fCal) and EDN i.e., 88.9% and 84%, respectively. Fecal EDN and fCAl are reliable tools in differentiating between food protein-induced allergic proctocolitis and gastrointestinal functional disorders in infants.https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0383/9/10/3147infantfood allergyfecal biomarkerstumor necrosis factor αeosinophil derived neurotoxincalprotectin |
| spellingShingle | Artur Rycyk Beata Cudowska Dariusz M. Lebensztejn Eosinophil-Derived Neurotoxin, Tumor Necrosis Factor Alpha, and Calprotectin as Non-Invasive Biomarkers of Food Protein-Induced Allergic Proctocolitis in Infants Journal of Clinical Medicine infant food allergy fecal biomarkers tumor necrosis factor α eosinophil derived neurotoxin calprotectin |
| title | Eosinophil-Derived Neurotoxin, Tumor Necrosis Factor Alpha, and Calprotectin as Non-Invasive Biomarkers of Food Protein-Induced Allergic Proctocolitis in Infants |
| title_full | Eosinophil-Derived Neurotoxin, Tumor Necrosis Factor Alpha, and Calprotectin as Non-Invasive Biomarkers of Food Protein-Induced Allergic Proctocolitis in Infants |
| title_fullStr | Eosinophil-Derived Neurotoxin, Tumor Necrosis Factor Alpha, and Calprotectin as Non-Invasive Biomarkers of Food Protein-Induced Allergic Proctocolitis in Infants |
| title_full_unstemmed | Eosinophil-Derived Neurotoxin, Tumor Necrosis Factor Alpha, and Calprotectin as Non-Invasive Biomarkers of Food Protein-Induced Allergic Proctocolitis in Infants |
| title_short | Eosinophil-Derived Neurotoxin, Tumor Necrosis Factor Alpha, and Calprotectin as Non-Invasive Biomarkers of Food Protein-Induced Allergic Proctocolitis in Infants |
| title_sort | eosinophil derived neurotoxin tumor necrosis factor alpha and calprotectin as non invasive biomarkers of food protein induced allergic proctocolitis in infants |
| topic | infant food allergy fecal biomarkers tumor necrosis factor α eosinophil derived neurotoxin calprotectin |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0383/9/10/3147 |
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