Organic Luminescent Sensor for Mercury(II) and Iron(III) Ions in Aqueous Solutions
The substrate N<sup>1</sup>, N<sup>3</sup>, N<sup>5</sup>-tris(2-hydroxyphenyl)benzene-1,3,5-tricarboxamide (<b>Sensor A</b>) was prepared in the reaction of 1,3,5-benzenetricarboxylic acid (trimesic acid) and <i>o</i>-aminophenol in ethano...
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MDPI AG
2023-05-01
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| Series: | Chemosensors |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9040/11/5/308 |
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| author | Sofian Kanan Aysha Shabnam Ahmed A. Mohamed Imad A. Abu-Yousef |
| author_facet | Sofian Kanan Aysha Shabnam Ahmed A. Mohamed Imad A. Abu-Yousef |
| author_sort | Sofian Kanan |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The substrate N<sup>1</sup>, N<sup>3</sup>, N<sup>5</sup>-tris(2-hydroxyphenyl)benzene-1,3,5-tricarboxamide (<b>Sensor A</b>) was prepared in the reaction of 1,3,5-benzenetricarboxylic acid (trimesic acid) and <i>o</i>-aminophenol in ethanol. The prepared organic sensor fulfills the chemiluminescent requirements including a luminophore, spacer, and suitable binding receptor that distress the probe’s luminescent features, providing selective and sensitive detection of mercury and iron ions in aqueous solutions. The sensor selectively detects mercury and iron ions in a water matrix containing various metal ions, including sodium, calcium, magnesium, zinc, and nickel. Strong and immediate binding was observed between mercury ions and the substrate at pH 7.0 with a binding affinity toward Hg<sup>2+</sup> 9-fold higher than that observed for iron sensor binding affinity, which makes the substrate a distinctive luminescence sensor for mercury detection at ambient conditions. The sensor shows a linear response toward Hg<sup>2+</sup> in the concentration range from 50 ppb to 100 ppm (2.0 × 10<sup>−8</sup> to 4.2 × 10<sup>−5</sup> M) with a limit of detection of 2 ppb (1.0 × 10<sup>−8</sup> M). Further, <b>Sensor A</b> provides linear detection for iron ions in the range from 10 ppb to 1000 ppm (1.5 × 10<sup>−8</sup> to 1.5 × 10<sup>−3</sup> M). The measured adsorption capacity of <b>Sensor A</b> toward mercury ions ranged from 1.25 to 1.97 mg/g, and the removal efficiency from water samples reached 98.8% at pH 7.0. The data demonstrate that <b>Sensor A</b> is an excellent probe for detecting and removing mercury ions from water bodies. |
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| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T03:50:19Z |
| publishDate | 2023-05-01 |
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| record_format | Article |
| series | Chemosensors |
| spelling | doaj.art-033c2d5501e84c508de65d613a19333e2023-11-18T00:54:27ZengMDPI AGChemosensors2227-90402023-05-0111530810.3390/chemosensors11050308Organic Luminescent Sensor for Mercury(II) and Iron(III) Ions in Aqueous SolutionsSofian Kanan0Aysha Shabnam1Ahmed A. Mohamed2Imad A. Abu-Yousef3Department of Biology, Chemistry, and Environmental Sciences, American University of Sharjah, Sharjah P.O. Box 26666, United Arab EmiratesDepartment of Biology, Chemistry, and Environmental Sciences, American University of Sharjah, Sharjah P.O. Box 26666, United Arab EmiratesDepartment of Chemistry, University of Sharjah, Sharjah P.O. Box 27272, United Arab EmiratesDepartment of Biology, Chemistry, and Environmental Sciences, American University of Sharjah, Sharjah P.O. Box 26666, United Arab EmiratesThe substrate N<sup>1</sup>, N<sup>3</sup>, N<sup>5</sup>-tris(2-hydroxyphenyl)benzene-1,3,5-tricarboxamide (<b>Sensor A</b>) was prepared in the reaction of 1,3,5-benzenetricarboxylic acid (trimesic acid) and <i>o</i>-aminophenol in ethanol. The prepared organic sensor fulfills the chemiluminescent requirements including a luminophore, spacer, and suitable binding receptor that distress the probe’s luminescent features, providing selective and sensitive detection of mercury and iron ions in aqueous solutions. The sensor selectively detects mercury and iron ions in a water matrix containing various metal ions, including sodium, calcium, magnesium, zinc, and nickel. Strong and immediate binding was observed between mercury ions and the substrate at pH 7.0 with a binding affinity toward Hg<sup>2+</sup> 9-fold higher than that observed for iron sensor binding affinity, which makes the substrate a distinctive luminescence sensor for mercury detection at ambient conditions. The sensor shows a linear response toward Hg<sup>2+</sup> in the concentration range from 50 ppb to 100 ppm (2.0 × 10<sup>−8</sup> to 4.2 × 10<sup>−5</sup> M) with a limit of detection of 2 ppb (1.0 × 10<sup>−8</sup> M). Further, <b>Sensor A</b> provides linear detection for iron ions in the range from 10 ppb to 1000 ppm (1.5 × 10<sup>−8</sup> to 1.5 × 10<sup>−3</sup> M). The measured adsorption capacity of <b>Sensor A</b> toward mercury ions ranged from 1.25 to 1.97 mg/g, and the removal efficiency from water samples reached 98.8% at pH 7.0. The data demonstrate that <b>Sensor A</b> is an excellent probe for detecting and removing mercury ions from water bodies.https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9040/11/5/308luminescent sensorsmercury ionsiron ionsbinding affinityselective detectionadsorption capacity |
| spellingShingle | Sofian Kanan Aysha Shabnam Ahmed A. Mohamed Imad A. Abu-Yousef Organic Luminescent Sensor for Mercury(II) and Iron(III) Ions in Aqueous Solutions Chemosensors luminescent sensors mercury ions iron ions binding affinity selective detection adsorption capacity |
| title | Organic Luminescent Sensor for Mercury(II) and Iron(III) Ions in Aqueous Solutions |
| title_full | Organic Luminescent Sensor for Mercury(II) and Iron(III) Ions in Aqueous Solutions |
| title_fullStr | Organic Luminescent Sensor for Mercury(II) and Iron(III) Ions in Aqueous Solutions |
| title_full_unstemmed | Organic Luminescent Sensor for Mercury(II) and Iron(III) Ions in Aqueous Solutions |
| title_short | Organic Luminescent Sensor for Mercury(II) and Iron(III) Ions in Aqueous Solutions |
| title_sort | organic luminescent sensor for mercury ii and iron iii ions in aqueous solutions |
| topic | luminescent sensors mercury ions iron ions binding affinity selective detection adsorption capacity |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9040/11/5/308 |
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