Grape seed and skin extract, a potential prebiotic with anti-obesity effect through gut microbiota modulation
Abstract Background Obesity is a worldwide health problem and a significant risk factor for diabetes and cardiovascular diseases. Gut microbiota (GM) plays an essential role in obesity, and prebiotics such as polyphenols could be one way to improve microbial dysbiosis-induced obesity. Objective This...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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BMC
2022-07-01
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| Series: | Gut Pathogens |
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1186/s13099-022-00505-0 |
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| author | Mohamed Mokrani Kamel Charradi Ferid Limam Ezzedine Aouani Maria C. Urdaci |
| author_facet | Mohamed Mokrani Kamel Charradi Ferid Limam Ezzedine Aouani Maria C. Urdaci |
| author_sort | Mohamed Mokrani |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Background Obesity is a worldwide health problem and a significant risk factor for diabetes and cardiovascular diseases. Gut microbiota (GM) plays an essential role in obesity, and prebiotics such as polyphenols could be one way to improve microbial dysbiosis-induced obesity. Objective This study was designed to assess the effectiveness of grape seed and skin extract (GSSE), and/or orlistat on obese rats fed with high fat diet by targeting GM modulations. The impact of treatments was also studied in non-obese rats. Material and methods Rats were rendered obese or kept with a standard diet for three months. Then they were treated either with GSSE or orlistat or with the combined treatment (GSOR) during three months and then sacrificed. Adipose tissues, blood and faeces were collected and analyzed. Results In obese rats and to a lesser extent in non-obese rats, treatments decreased the weight of various adipose tissues and the serum levels of cholesterol, LDL, triglycerides, lipase, and CRP and increased HDL and adiponectin. GSOR treatment was even more efficient that orlistat. Obese rats had less GM diversity than non-obese rats and orlistat reduced it even more. However, diversity was restored with GSSE and GSOR treatments. Potential pathogenic Streptococcus alactolyticus/gallolyticus species were greatly increased in obese rats and drastically reduced with the treatments, as wells as other potential pathobionts. Conclusions GSSE exerts beneficial effects in obese rats and restores, at least partially, the observed dysbiosis. GSOR induced the highest beneficial effect. Moreover, the various treatments could also enhance physiological and GM modifications in non obese rats. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-11T15:33:01Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-034f8f4f9a244011a1c06a4c4e389000 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1757-4749 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-11T15:33:01Z |
| publishDate | 2022-07-01 |
| publisher | BMC |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Gut Pathogens |
| spelling | doaj.art-034f8f4f9a244011a1c06a4c4e3890002022-12-22T01:00:01ZengBMCGut Pathogens1757-47492022-07-0114111410.1186/s13099-022-00505-0Grape seed and skin extract, a potential prebiotic with anti-obesity effect through gut microbiota modulationMohamed Mokrani0Kamel Charradi1Ferid Limam2Ezzedine Aouani3Maria C. Urdaci4Bordeaux Sciences Agro, CNRS, University of Bordeaux, UMR 5248, CBMN, Interactions Bactéries Probiotiques HôteLaboratory of Bioactive Substances, Center of Biotechnology of Borj CedriaLaboratory of Bioactive Substances, Center of Biotechnology of Borj CedriaLaboratory of Bioactive Substances, Center of Biotechnology of Borj CedriaBordeaux Sciences Agro, CNRS, University of Bordeaux, UMR 5248, CBMN, Interactions Bactéries Probiotiques HôteAbstract Background Obesity is a worldwide health problem and a significant risk factor for diabetes and cardiovascular diseases. Gut microbiota (GM) plays an essential role in obesity, and prebiotics such as polyphenols could be one way to improve microbial dysbiosis-induced obesity. Objective This study was designed to assess the effectiveness of grape seed and skin extract (GSSE), and/or orlistat on obese rats fed with high fat diet by targeting GM modulations. The impact of treatments was also studied in non-obese rats. Material and methods Rats were rendered obese or kept with a standard diet for three months. Then they were treated either with GSSE or orlistat or with the combined treatment (GSOR) during three months and then sacrificed. Adipose tissues, blood and faeces were collected and analyzed. Results In obese rats and to a lesser extent in non-obese rats, treatments decreased the weight of various adipose tissues and the serum levels of cholesterol, LDL, triglycerides, lipase, and CRP and increased HDL and adiponectin. GSOR treatment was even more efficient that orlistat. Obese rats had less GM diversity than non-obese rats and orlistat reduced it even more. However, diversity was restored with GSSE and GSOR treatments. Potential pathogenic Streptococcus alactolyticus/gallolyticus species were greatly increased in obese rats and drastically reduced with the treatments, as wells as other potential pathobionts. Conclusions GSSE exerts beneficial effects in obese rats and restores, at least partially, the observed dysbiosis. GSOR induced the highest beneficial effect. Moreover, the various treatments could also enhance physiological and GM modifications in non obese rats.https://doi.org/10.1186/s13099-022-00505-0ObesityGrape seed and skin extract (GSSE)OrlistatGut microbiota dysbiosis |
| spellingShingle | Mohamed Mokrani Kamel Charradi Ferid Limam Ezzedine Aouani Maria C. Urdaci Grape seed and skin extract, a potential prebiotic with anti-obesity effect through gut microbiota modulation Gut Pathogens Obesity Grape seed and skin extract (GSSE) Orlistat Gut microbiota dysbiosis |
| title | Grape seed and skin extract, a potential prebiotic with anti-obesity effect through gut microbiota modulation |
| title_full | Grape seed and skin extract, a potential prebiotic with anti-obesity effect through gut microbiota modulation |
| title_fullStr | Grape seed and skin extract, a potential prebiotic with anti-obesity effect through gut microbiota modulation |
| title_full_unstemmed | Grape seed and skin extract, a potential prebiotic with anti-obesity effect through gut microbiota modulation |
| title_short | Grape seed and skin extract, a potential prebiotic with anti-obesity effect through gut microbiota modulation |
| title_sort | grape seed and skin extract a potential prebiotic with anti obesity effect through gut microbiota modulation |
| topic | Obesity Grape seed and skin extract (GSSE) Orlistat Gut microbiota dysbiosis |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1186/s13099-022-00505-0 |
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