Effect of pentoxifylline on kidney damage induced by nitrosamine in male rats
Nitrosamines are well-known carcinogenic agents. Humans are exposed to nitrosamines in various ways, the most important of which is the diet. Pentoxifylline is a xanthine derivative, which is used as a drug that inhibits inflammatory factors, reduces blood viscosity, improves peripheral blood flow,...
| Main Authors: | , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications
2019-01-01
|
| Series: | Research in Pharmaceutical Sciences |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://www.rpsjournal.net/article.asp?issn=1735-5362;year=2019;volume=14;issue=1;spage=64;epage=73;aulast=Jalili |
| _version_ | 1818881566536892416 |
|---|---|
| author | Cyrus Jalili Delnia Moradi Shiva Roshankhah Mohammad Reza Salahshoor |
| author_facet | Cyrus Jalili Delnia Moradi Shiva Roshankhah Mohammad Reza Salahshoor |
| author_sort | Cyrus Jalili |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Nitrosamines are well-known carcinogenic agents. Humans are exposed to nitrosamines in various ways, the most important of which is the diet. Pentoxifylline is a xanthine derivative, which is used as a drug that inhibits inflammatory factors, reduces blood viscosity, improves peripheral blood flow, and increases oxygenation of tissue. This study was designed to evaluate the effects of pentoxifylline against damage induced by nitrosamine to the kidneys of rats. In this study, 48 male rats were randomly assigned to 8 groups: control normal group and nitrosamine control treated group (40 mg/kg); pentoxifylline groups (25, 50, 100 mg/kg) and nitrosamine + pentoxifylline treated groups (25, 50, 100 mg/kg). Treatments were administered either intraperitoneally (nitrosamine) or orally (pentoxifylline) on a daily basis for 28 days. The normalized kidney weight, glomeruli characteristics, thiobarbituric acid reactive species, antioxidant capacity, kidney function indicators, and serum nitrite oxide levels were investigated. Nitrosamine administration increased kidney malondialdehyde (MDA) level, kidney weight, blood urea nitrogen (BUN), creatinine, and nitrite oxide levels and decreased significantly glomeruli number and tissue ferric reducing/antioxidant power (FRAP) level compared to the control normal group (P < 0.05). The pentoxifylline and pentoxifylline + nitrosamine treatments reduced BUN, kidney MDA level, creatinine, glomerular diameter, and nitrite oxide levels significantly at all doses and increased the glomeruli number, kidney weight, and tissue FRAP level compared to the nitrosamine control group (P < 0.05). It seems that pentoxifylline administration improved kidney injury induced by nitrosamine in rats. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-19T15:03:54Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-035971008bc3470d9fd13f70c84e3560 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1735-5362 1735-9414 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-19T15:03:54Z |
| publishDate | 2019-01-01 |
| publisher | Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Research in Pharmaceutical Sciences |
| spelling | doaj.art-035971008bc3470d9fd13f70c84e35602022-12-21T20:16:30ZengWolters Kluwer Medknow PublicationsResearch in Pharmaceutical Sciences1735-53621735-94142019-01-01141647310.4103/1735-5362.251854Effect of pentoxifylline on kidney damage induced by nitrosamine in male ratsCyrus JaliliDelnia MoradiShiva RoshankhahMohammad Reza SalahshoorNitrosamines are well-known carcinogenic agents. Humans are exposed to nitrosamines in various ways, the most important of which is the diet. Pentoxifylline is a xanthine derivative, which is used as a drug that inhibits inflammatory factors, reduces blood viscosity, improves peripheral blood flow, and increases oxygenation of tissue. This study was designed to evaluate the effects of pentoxifylline against damage induced by nitrosamine to the kidneys of rats. In this study, 48 male rats were randomly assigned to 8 groups: control normal group and nitrosamine control treated group (40 mg/kg); pentoxifylline groups (25, 50, 100 mg/kg) and nitrosamine + pentoxifylline treated groups (25, 50, 100 mg/kg). Treatments were administered either intraperitoneally (nitrosamine) or orally (pentoxifylline) on a daily basis for 28 days. The normalized kidney weight, glomeruli characteristics, thiobarbituric acid reactive species, antioxidant capacity, kidney function indicators, and serum nitrite oxide levels were investigated. Nitrosamine administration increased kidney malondialdehyde (MDA) level, kidney weight, blood urea nitrogen (BUN), creatinine, and nitrite oxide levels and decreased significantly glomeruli number and tissue ferric reducing/antioxidant power (FRAP) level compared to the control normal group (P < 0.05). The pentoxifylline and pentoxifylline + nitrosamine treatments reduced BUN, kidney MDA level, creatinine, glomerular diameter, and nitrite oxide levels significantly at all doses and increased the glomeruli number, kidney weight, and tissue FRAP level compared to the nitrosamine control group (P < 0.05). It seems that pentoxifylline administration improved kidney injury induced by nitrosamine in rats.http://www.rpsjournal.net/article.asp?issn=1735-5362;year=2019;volume=14;issue=1;spage=64;epage=73;aulast=Jalilikidney; nitrosamine; pentoxifylline. |
| spellingShingle | Cyrus Jalili Delnia Moradi Shiva Roshankhah Mohammad Reza Salahshoor Effect of pentoxifylline on kidney damage induced by nitrosamine in male rats Research in Pharmaceutical Sciences kidney; nitrosamine; pentoxifylline. |
| title | Effect of pentoxifylline on kidney damage induced by nitrosamine in male rats |
| title_full | Effect of pentoxifylline on kidney damage induced by nitrosamine in male rats |
| title_fullStr | Effect of pentoxifylline on kidney damage induced by nitrosamine in male rats |
| title_full_unstemmed | Effect of pentoxifylline on kidney damage induced by nitrosamine in male rats |
| title_short | Effect of pentoxifylline on kidney damage induced by nitrosamine in male rats |
| title_sort | effect of pentoxifylline on kidney damage induced by nitrosamine in male rats |
| topic | kidney; nitrosamine; pentoxifylline. |
| url | http://www.rpsjournal.net/article.asp?issn=1735-5362;year=2019;volume=14;issue=1;spage=64;epage=73;aulast=Jalili |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT cyrusjalili effectofpentoxifyllineonkidneydamageinducedbynitrosamineinmalerats AT delniamoradi effectofpentoxifyllineonkidneydamageinducedbynitrosamineinmalerats AT shivaroshankhah effectofpentoxifyllineonkidneydamageinducedbynitrosamineinmalerats AT mohammadrezasalahshoor effectofpentoxifyllineonkidneydamageinducedbynitrosamineinmalerats |